Circadian rhythms of spectral components of heart rate variability

Circadian rhythms of heart rate variability have been widely studied in recent years. However, most previous reports described such rhythms in terms of normalized units of the low- and high-frequency (LF and HF) spectral components. In this study, we analyzed circadian rhythms of spectral components in absolute units and found unexpected results in normal subjects as well as coronary heart disease (CHD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) patient groups. The results indicate that the notion of sympathovagal balance needs to be re-evaluated.

Insertion mutagenesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by electroporation and heterologous DNA

We introduced plasmid pCmVCAT containing a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, flanked by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase polyadenylation sequences, into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by electroporation; chloramphenicol (CAM) resistance was used for selection. Several mutants with aberrant response to cadmium (Cd) toxicity were obtained by screening CAM resistant transformants. Southern blot analysis showed random integration of pCmVCAT sequence into the nuclear genome. Expression of CAT gene was confirmed by the detection of CAT gene transcript in Northern blot analysis and the detection of CAT enzyme by ELISA assay. This study demonstrated the feasibility of transforming Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with heterologous DNA by electroporation, and the expression of heterologous gene, in this alga.