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Seitz V, Gennermann K, Elezkurtaj S, Groth D, Schaper S, Dröge A, Lachmann N, Berg E, Lenze D, Kühl AA, Husemann C, Kleo K, Horst D, Lennerz V, Hennig S, Hummel M, Schumann M. Specific T-cell receptor beta-rearrangements of gluten-triggered CD8 + T-cells are enriched in celiac disease patients' duodenal mucosa. Clin Immunol 2023; 256:109795. [PMID: 37769786 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine with gluten as disease trigger. Infections including Influenza A, increase the CeD risk. While gluten-specific CD4+ T-cells, recognizing HLA-DQ2/DQ8 presented gluten-peptides, initiate and sustain the celiac immune response, CD8+ α/β intraepithelial T-cells elicit mucosal damage. Here, we subjected TCRs from a cohort of 56 CeD patients and 22 controls to an analysis employing 749 published CeD-related TCRβ-rearrangements derived from gluten-specific CD4+ T-cells and gluten-triggered peripheral blood CD8+ T-cells. We show, that in addition to TCRs from gluten-specific CD4+ T-cells, TCRs of gluten-triggered CD8+ T-cells are significantly enriched in CeD duodenal tissue samples. TCRβ-rearrangements of gluten-triggered CD8+ T-cells were even more expanded in patients than TCRs from gluten-specific CD4+ T-cells (p < 0.0002) and highest in refractory CeD. Sequence alignments with TCR-antigen databases suggest that a subgroup of these most likely indirectly gluten-triggered TCRs recognize microbial, viral, and autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Seitz
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - S Elezkurtaj
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Groth
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - A Dröge
- HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Lachmann
- Centre for Tumor Medicine, Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics Laboratory, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - E Berg
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin - Core Unit of the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Husemann
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Kleo
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Horst
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - S Hennig
- HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Schumann
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Seitz V, Kleo K, Dröge A, Schaper S, Elezkurtaj S, Bedjaoui N, Dimitrova L, Sommerfeld A, Berg E, von der Wall E, Müller U, Joosten M, Lenze D, Heimesaat MM, Baldus C, Zinser C, Cieslak A, Macintyre E, Stocking C, Hennig S, Hummel M. Evidence for a role of RUNX1 as recombinase cofactor for TCRβ rearrangements and pathological deletions in ETV6-RUNX1 ALL. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10024. [PMID: 32572036 PMCID: PMC7308335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor gene beta (TCRβ) gene rearrangement represents a complex, tightly regulated molecular mechanism involving excision, deletion and recombination of DNA during T-cell development. RUNX1, a well-known transcription factor for T-cell differentiation, has recently been described to act in addition as a recombinase cofactor for TCRδ gene rearrangements. In this work we employed a RUNX1 knock-out mouse model and demonstrate by deep TCRβ sequencing, immunostaining and chromatin immunoprecipitation that RUNX1 binds to the initiation site of TCRβ rearrangement and its homozygous inactivation induces severe structural changes of the rearranged TCRβ gene, whereas heterozygous inactivation has almost no impact. To compare the mouse model results to the situation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) we analyzed TCRβ gene rearrangements in T-ALL samples harboring heterozygous Runx1 mutations. Comparable to the Runx1+/- mouse model, heterozygous Runx1 mutations in T-ALL patients displayed no detectable impact on TCRβ rearrangements. Furthermore, we reanalyzed published sequence data from recurrent deletion borders of ALL patients carrying an ETV6-RUNX1 translocation. RUNX1 motifs were significantly overrepresented at the deletion ends arguing for a role of RUNX1 in the deletion mechanism. Collectively, our data imply a role of RUNX1 as recombinase cofactor for both physiological and aberrant deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Seitz
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
- HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Kleo
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Dröge
- HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - S Elezkurtaj
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Bedjaoui
- University of Paris, Institute Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151, Laboratoire d'Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - L Dimitrova
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Sommerfeld
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - E Berg
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - E von der Wall
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Müller
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Joosten
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - M M Heimesaat
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Baldus
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Department of Internal Medicine II, Kiel, Germany
| | - C Zinser
- Precigen Bioinformatics Germany GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - A Cieslak
- University of Paris, Institute Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151, Laboratoire d'Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - E Macintyre
- University of Paris, Institute Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151, Laboratoire d'Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - C Stocking
- University Medical Center Eppendorf, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Hennig
- HS Diagnomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Pathology, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Vollbrecht C, Lenze D, Hummel M, Lehmann A, Moebs M, Frost N, Jurmeister P, Schweizer L, Kellner U, Dietel M, von Laffert M. RNA-based analysis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases showing immunohistochemistry/fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (IHC/FISH) discordance. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy303.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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4
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Bonnekoh H, Ohanyan T, Lenze D, Krause K, Maurer M, Zuberbier T, Siebenhaar F. Development of tripe palms and soles in a patient with long pre-existing systemic mastocytosis and newly developed non-small cell lung cancer. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:e151-e153. [PMID: 29055165 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Bonnekoh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Ohanyan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Krause
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Zuberbier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Siebenhaar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Zamò A, Pischimarov J, Schlesner M, Rosenstiel P, Bomben R, Horn H, Grieb T, Nedeva T, López C, Haake A, Richter J, Trümper L, Lawerenz C, Klapper W, Möller P, Hummel M, Lenze D, Szczepanowski M, Flossbach L, Schreder M, Gattei V, Ott G, Siebert R, Rosenwald A, Leich E. Differences between BCL2-break positive and negative follicular lymphoma unraveled by whole-exome sequencing. Leukemia 2017; 32:685-693. [PMID: 28824170 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Depending on disease stage follicular lymphoma (FL) lack the t(14;18) in ~15-~50% of cases. Nevertheless, most of these cases express BCL2. To elucidate mechanisms triggering BCL2 expression and promoting pathogenesis in t(14;18)-negative FL, exonic single-nucleotide variant (SNV) profiles of 28 t(14;18)-positive and 13 t(14;18)-negative FL were analyzed, followed by the integration of copy-number changes, copy-neutral LOH and published gene-expression data as well as the assessment of immunoglobulin N-glycosylation sites. Typical FL mutations also affected t(14;18)-negative FL. Curated gene set/pathway annotation of genes mutated in either t(14;18)-positive or t(14;18)-negative FL revealed a strong enrichment of same or similar gene sets but also a more prominent or exclusive enrichment of immune response and N-glycosylation signatures in t(14;18)-negative FL. Mutated genes showed high BCL2 association in both subgroups. Among the genes mutated in t(14;18)-negative FL 555 were affected by copy-number alterations and/or copy-neutral LOH and 96 were differently expressed between t(14;18)-positive and t(14;18)-negative FL (P<0.01). N-glycosylation sites were detected considerably less frequently in t(14;18)-negative FL. These results suggest a diverse portfolio of genetic alterations that may induce or regulate BCL2 expression or promote pathogenesis of t(14;18)-negative FL as well as a less specific but increased crosstalk with the microenvironment that may compensate for the lack of N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zamò
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Pischimarov
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Schlesner
- Theoretical Bioinformatics (B080), Computational Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Rosenstiel
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Bomben
- Department of Translational Research, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - H Horn
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - T Grieb
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - T Nedeva
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C López
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Haake
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - J Richter
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - L Trümper
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Lawerenz
- Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - P Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-University Hospital Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-University Hospital Berlin, Germany
| | - M Szczepanowski
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - L Flossbach
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Schreder
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - V Gattei
- Department of Translational Research, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - G Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R Siebert
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - E Leich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Leich E, Hoster E, Wartenberg M, Unterhalt M, Siebert R, Koch K, Klapper W, Engelhard M, Puppe B, Horn H, Staiger AM, Stuhlmann-Laeisz C, Bernd HW, Feller AC, Hummel M, Lenze D, Stein H, Hartmann S, Hansmann ML, Möller P, Hiddemann W, Dreyling M, Ott G, Rosenwald A. Similar clinical features in follicular lymphomas with and without breaks in the BCL2 locus. Leukemia 2015; 30:854-60. [PMID: 26621338 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 15% of follicular lymphomas (FLs) lack breaks in the BCL2 locus. The aim of this study was to better define molecular and clinical features of BCL2-breakpoint/t(14;18)-negative FLs. We studied the presence of BCL2, BCL6 and MYC breaks by fluorescence in situ hybridization and the expression of BCL2, MUM1, CD10, P53 and Ki67 in large clinical trial cohorts of 540 advanced-stage FL cases and 116 early-stage disease FL patients treated with chemotherapy regimens and radiation, respectively. A total of 86% and 53% of advanced- and early-stage FLs were BCL2-breakpoint-positive, respectively. BCL2 was expressed in almost all FLs with BCL2 break and also in 86% and 69% of BCL2-breakpoint-negative advanced- and early-stage FLs, respectively. CD10 expression was significantly reduced in BCL2-breakpoint-negative FLs of all stages and MUM1 and Ki67 expression were significantly increased in BCL2-break-negative early-stage FLs. Patient characteristics did not differ between FLs with and without BCL2 breaks and neither did survival times in advanced-stage FLs. These results suggest that the molecular profile differs to some extent between FLs with and without BCL2 breaks and support the notion that FLs with and without BCL2 breaks belong to the same lymphoma entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - E Hoster
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Wartenberg
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Unterhalt
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - R Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - K Koch
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - W Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Engelhard
- Department for Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - B Puppe
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - H Horn
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A M Staiger
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Stuhlmann-Laeisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - H W Bernd
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - A C Feller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Stein
- Pathodiagnostik Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt am, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M L Hansmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt am, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - P Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - W Hiddemann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Dreyling
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - G Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Luckert C, Lenze D, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Hessel S. Disturbance of gene expression in primary human hepatocytes by hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids: A whole genome transcriptome analysis. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Dietel M, Jöhrens K, Laffert MV, Hummel M, Bläker H, Pfitzner BM, Lehmann A, Denkert C, Darb-Esfahani S, Lenze D, Heppner FL, Koch A, Sers C, Klauschen F, Anagnostopoulos I. A 2015 update on predictive molecular pathology and its role in targeted cancer therapy: a review focussing on clinical relevance. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:417-30. [PMID: 26358176 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In April 2013 our group published a review on predictive molecular pathology in this journal. Although only 2 years have passed many new facts and stimulating developments have happened in diagnostic molecular pathology rendering it worthwhile to present an up-date on this topic. A major technical improvement is certainly given by the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS; amplicon, whole exome, whole genome) and its application to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue in routine diagnostics. Based on this 'revolution' the analyses of numerous genetic alterations in parallel has become a routine approach opening the chance to characterize patients' malignant tumors much more deeply without increasing turn-around time and costs. In the near future this will open new strategies to apply 'off-label' targeted therapies, e.g. for rare tumors, otherwise resistant tumors etc. The clinically relevant genetic aberrations described in this review include mutation analyses of RAS (KRAS and NRAS), BRAF and PI3K in colorectal cancer, KIT or PDGFR alpha as well as BRAF, NRAS and KIT in malignant melanoma. Moreover, we present several recent advances in the molecular characterization of malignant lymphoma. Beside the well-known mutations in NSCLC (EGFR, ALK) a number of chromosomal aberrations (KRAS, ROS1, MET) have become relevant. Only very recently has the clinical need for analysis of BRCA1/2 come up and proven as a true challenge for routine diagnostics because of the genes' special structure and hot-spot-free mutational distribution. The genetic alterations are discussed in connection with their increasingly important role in companion diagnostics to apply targeted drugs as efficient as possible. As another aspect of the increasing number of druggable mutations, we discuss the challenges personalized therapies pose for the design of clinical studies to prove optimal efficacy particularly with respect to combination therapies of multiple targeted drugs and conventional chemotherapy. Such combinations would lead to an extremely high complexity that would hardly be manageable by applying conventional study designs for approval, e.g. by the FDA or EMA. Up-coming challenges such as the application of methylation assays and proteomic analyses on FFPE tissue will also be discussed briefly to open the door towards the ultimate goal of reading a patients' tissue as 'deeply' as possible. Although it is yet to be shown, which levels of biological information are most informative for predictive pathology, an integrated molecular characterization of tumors will likely offer the most comprehensive view for individualized therapy approaches. To optimize cancer treatment we need to understand tumor biology in much more detail on morphological, genetic, proteomic as well as epigenetic grounds. Finally, the complex challenges on the level of drug design, molecular diagnostics, and clinical trials make necessary a close collaboration among academic institutions, regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dietel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M V Laffert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Bläker
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B M Pfitzner
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Lehmann
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Darb-Esfahani
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F L Heppner
- Institute of Neuropathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Koch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Sers
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Klauschen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Anagnostopoulos
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Ritter J, Seitz V, Balzer H, Gary R, Lenze D, Moi S, Pasemann S, Seegebarth A, Wurdack M, Hennig S, Gerbitz A, Hummel M. Donor CD4 T Cell Diversity Determines Virus Reactivation in Patients After HLA-Matched Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:2170-9. [PMID: 25873100 PMCID: PMC4654256 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Delayed reconstitution of the T cell compartment in recipients of allogeneic stem cell grafts is associated with an increase of reactivation of latent viruses. Thereby, the transplanted T cell repertoire appears to be one of the factors that affect T cell reconstitution. Therefore, we studied the T cell receptor beta (TCRβ) gene rearrangements of flow cytometry-sorted CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from the peripheral blood of 23 allogeneic donors before G-CSF administration and on the day of apheresis. For this purpose, TCRβ rearrangements were amplified by multiplex PCR followed by high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Overall, CD4(+) T cells displayed a significantly higher TCRβ diversity compared to CD8(+) T cells irrespective of G-CSF administration. In line, no significant impact of G-CSF treatment on the TCR Vβ repertoire usage was found. However, correlation of the donor T cell repertoire with clinical outcomes of the recipient revealed that a higher CD4(+) TCRβ diversity after G-CSF treatment is associated with lower reactivation of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus. By contrast, no protecting correlation was observed for CD8(+) T cells. In essence, our deep TCRβ analysis identifies the importance of the CD4(+) T cell compartment for the control of latent viruses after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ritter
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlin, Germany
| | - V Seitz
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlin, Germany,HS Diagnomics GmbHBerlin, Germany
| | - H Balzer
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - R Gary
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlin, Germany
| | - S Moi
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - S Pasemann
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - A Seegebarth
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlin, Germany
| | - M Wurdack
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - S Hennig
- HS Diagnomics GmbHBerlin, Germany
| | - A Gerbitz
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology/Oncology, University of ErlangenErlangen, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlin, Germany,*Corresponding author: Michael Hummel,
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Horn H, Ziepert M, Wartenberg M, Staiger AM, Barth TFE, Bernd HW, Feller AC, Klapper W, Stuhlmann-Laeisz C, Hummel M, Stein H, Lenze D, Hartmann S, Hansmann ML, Möller P, Cogliatti S, Pfreundschuh M, Trümper L, Loeffler M, Glass B, Schmitz N, Ott G, Rosenwald A. Different biological risk factors in young poor-prognosis and elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2015; 29:1564-70. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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11
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Dimitrova L, Seitz V, Hecht J, Lenze D, Hansen P, Szczepanowski M, Ma L, Oker E, Sommerfeld A, Jundt F, Klapper W, Hummel M. PAX5 overexpression is not enough to reestablish the mature B-cell phenotype in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemia 2013; 28:213-6. [PMID: 23842424 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Dimitrova
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Seitz
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Hecht
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Hansen
- 1] Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany [2] Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Szczepanowski
- Institute of Pathology, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - L Ma
- 1] Institute of Pathology, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany [2] Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - E Oker
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Sommerfeld
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Jundt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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Klopfleisch R, Meyer A, Lenze D, Hummel M, Gruber A. Canine Cutaneous Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumours versus Fibrosarcomas can be Differentiated by Neuroectodermal Marker Genes in their Transcriptome. J Comp Pathol 2013; 148:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Ehlers A, Lenze D, Broll H, Zagon J, Hummel M, Lampen A. Dose dependent molecular effects of acrylamide and glycidamide in human cancer cell lines and human primary hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 2013; 217:111-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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14
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von Laffert M, Berg E, Lenze D, Lohneis P, Hummel M, Dietel M. Detection of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Gene Rearrangement in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Glance at “Borderline” Cases. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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15
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Klopfleisch R, Meyer A, Klose P, Da Costa A, Bondzio A, Lenze D, Weise C, Gruber A. Molecular Mechanisms of Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibition in Canine Mast Cell Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Lenze D, Leoncini L, Hummel M, Volinia S, Liu CG, Amato T, De Falco G, Githanga J, Horn H, Nyagol J, Ott G, Palatini J, Pfreundschuh M, Rogena E, Rosenwald A, Siebert R, Croce CM, Stein H. The different epidemiologic subtypes of Burkitt lymphoma share a homogenous micro RNA profile distinct from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2011; 25:1869-1876. [PMID: 21701491 PMCID: PMC3902789 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (sBL) can be delineated from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by a very homogeneous mRNA expression signature. However, it remained unclear whether all three BL variants-sBL, endemic BL (eBL) and human immunodeficiency virus-associated BL (HIV-BL)-represent a uniform biological entity despite their differences in geographical occurrence, association with immunodeficiency and/or incidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. To address this issue, we generated micro RNA (miRNA) profiles from 18 eBL, 31 sBL and 15 HIV-BL cases. In addition, we analyzed the miRNA expression of 86 DLBCL to determine whether miRNA profiles recapitulate the molecular differences between BL and DLBCL evidenced by mRNA profiling. A signature of 38 miRNAs containing MYC regulated and nuclear factor-kB pathway-associated miRNAs was obtained that differentiated BL from DLBCL. The miRNA profiles of sBL and eBL displayed only six differentially expressed miRNAs, whereas HIV and EBV infection had no impact on the miRNA profile of BL. In conclusion, miRNA profiling confirms that BL and DLBCL represent distinct lymphoma categories and demonstrates that the three BL variants are representatives of the same biological entity with only marginal miRNA expression differences between eBL and sBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Leoncini
- Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Volinia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - CG Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T Amato
- Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G De Falco
- Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - J Githanga
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - H Horn
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Würzburg, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Nyagol
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Palatini
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - E Rogena
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - CM Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H Stein
- Institute of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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da Costa A, Lenze D, Hummel M, Kohn B, Gruber AD, Klopfleisch R. Identification of six potential markers for the detection of circulating canine mammary tumour cells in the peripheral blood identified by microarray analysis. J Comp Pathol 2011; 146:143-51. [PMID: 21783201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The presence of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood is a prognostic factor for survival of human breast cancer patients. CTCs in the peripheral blood of dogs with mammary tumours have not been reported definitively. The present pilot study identifies mRNA markers for CTCs by comparing the transcriptome of canine mammary carcinoma cell lines CMM26 and CMM115 and peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs). Genes with a 200-fold or higher mRNA expression in carcinoma cell lines were tested for specificity and sensitivity to detect CTCs using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six mRNA markers, AGR2, ATP8B1, CRYAB, F3 IRX3 and SLC1A1 were expressed in cell lines, but not PBL. All PCRs were able to detect one carcinoma cell admixed in 10(6) or more PBLs. The six mRNA markers may be suitable for detection of canine mammary CTCs and allow the analysis of their spatiotemporal distribution in dogs with mammary tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A da Costa
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Haugstetter AM, Loddenkemper C, Lenze D, Gröne J, Standfuß C, Petersen I, Dörken B, Schmitt CA. Cellular senescence predicts treatment outcome in metastasised colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:505-9. [PMID: 20628375 PMCID: PMC2939783 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence is a terminal cell-cycle arrest that occurs in response to activated oncogenes and DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Whether cancer cell senescence at diagnosis might be predictive for treatment outcome is unknown. METHODS A senescence index (SI) was developed and used to retrospectively correlate the treatment outcome of 30 UICC stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with their SI at diagnosis. RESULTS 5-Fluorouracil/leucovorin-treated CRC patients achieved a significantly longer progression-free survival when presenting with SI-positive tumours before therapy (median 12.0 vs 6.0 months; P=0.044). CONCLUSION Cancer cell senescence predicts treatment outcome in metastasised CRC. Prospective analyses of larger patient cohorts are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Haugstetter
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum der Charité – MKFZ, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Loddenkemper
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - J Gröne
- Department of General, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Standfuß
- Department of Bioinformatics, Free University, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Petersen
- Department of Pathology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - B Dörken
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum der Charité – MKFZ, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - C A Schmitt
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum der Charité – MKFZ, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Schrader A, Bentink S, Spang R, Lenze D, Hummel M, Kuo M, Murray P, Trümper L, Kube D, Vockerodt M. 417 A c-Myc induced gene expression signature in human germinal center B cells predicts subtypes of aggressive non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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20
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Bentink S, Wessendorf S, Schwaenen C, Rosolowski M, Klapper W, Rosenwald A, Ott G, Banham AH, Berger H, Feller AC, Hansmann ML, Hasenclever D, Hummel M, Lenze D, Möller P, Stuerzenhofecker B, Loeffler M, Truemper L, Stein H, Siebert R, Spang R. Pathway activation patterns in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Leukemia 2008; 22:1746-54. [PMID: 18580954 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2008.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of cell signaling pathways controlling cell growth and cell survival is a common feature of all cancers. Although a core repertoire of oncogenic mechanisms is widely conserved between various malignancies, the constellation of pathway activities can vary even in patients with the same malignant disease. Modern molecularly targeted cancer drugs intervene in cell signaling compensating for pathway deregulation. Hence characterizing tumors with respect to pathway activation will become crucial for treatment decisions. Here we have used semi-supervised machine learning methodology to generate signatures of eight oncogene-inducible pathways, which are conserved across epithelial and lymphoid tissues. We combined them to patterns of pathway activity called PAPs for pathway activation patterns and searched for them in 220 morphologically, immunohistochemically and genetically well-characterized mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas including 134 cases with clinical data available. Besides Burkitt lymphoma, which was characterized by a unique pattern, the PAPs identified four distinct groups of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas across independent gene expression studies with distinct biological characteristics, genetic aberrations and prognosis. We confirmed our findings through cross-platform analysis in an independent data set of 303 mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bentink
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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21
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Dierlamm J, Murga Penas EM, Bentink S, Wessendorf S, Berger H, Hummel M, Klapper W, Lenze D, Rosenwald A, Haralambieva E, Ott G, Cogliatti SB, Moller P, Schwaenen C, Stein H, Loffler M, Spang R, Trumper L, Siebert R. Gain of chromosome region 18q21 including the MALT1 gene is associated with the activated B-cell-like gene expression subtype and increased BCL2 gene dosage and protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2008; 93:688-96. [DOI: 10.3324/haematol.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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22
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Seitz V, Stiege A, Mundlos S, Lenze D, Lammert H, Clermont A, Hirsch B, Von Der Wall E, Müller H, Kirsch A, Diaz-Espada F, Uharek L, Anagnostopoulos I, Stein H, Hummel M. Immunoglobulin receptor evolution in follicular lymphoma and a review of literature. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48:2063-7. [PMID: 17917975 DOI: 10.1080/10428190701540983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Falini B, Lenze D, Hasserjian R, Coupland S, Jaehne D, Soupir C, Liso A, Martelli MP, Bolli N, Bacci F, Pettirossi V, Santucci A, Martelli MF, Pileri S, Stein H. Cytoplasmic mutated nucleophosmin (NPM) defines the molecular status of a significant fraction of myeloid sarcomas. Leukemia 2007; 21:1566-70. [PMID: 17443224 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Petrausch U, Martus P, Tönnies H, Bechrakis NE, Lenze D, Wansel S, Hummel M, Bornfeld N, Thiel E, Foerster MH, Keilholz U. Significance of gene expression analysis in uveal melanoma in comparison to standard risk factors for risk assessment of subsequent metastases. Eye (Lond) 2007; 22:997-1007. [PMID: 17384575 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to identify and compare the prognostic value of gene expression, chromosomal, and clinico-pathological data for the prediction of subsequent metastases in patients with primary uveal melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS For comparison of different sets of predictor variables diagonal linear discriminant analysis was used. Chromosomal events were assessed by comparative genomic hybridization and gene expression profiling by microarray. Twenty-eight patients with a median follow-up of 68 months were analyzed, of whom 12 had developed subsequent metastases. RESULTS Diagonal linear discriminant analysis with crossvalidation of gene expression data detected 42 genes as differentially expressed in metastasizing vsnon-metastasizing uveal melanomas in all 28 cases. Comparing quantitative scores of discriminant analysis, grouping precision was significant better with gene expression profiling compared to comparative genomic hybridization (P=0.01) and to clinical data (P=0.001). Two published gene lists associated with monosomy 3 and metastatic tumor growth were used as classifier for discriminant analysis and yielded superior classification in patients with and without subsequent metastases than chromosomal or clinico-pathological data. CONCLUSION In our patient cohort gene expression profiling of primary uveal melanoma tissue was superior to clinical-pathological and chromosomal analysis to assess for the risk of subsequent metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Petrausch
- Department of Medicine III (Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany
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Lenze D, Greiner A, Knörr C, Anagnostopoulos I, Stein H, Hummel M. Receptor revision of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in human MALT lymphomas. Mol Pathol 2004; 56:249-55. [PMID: 14514917 PMCID: PMC1187334 DOI: 10.1136/mp.56.5.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Rearrangement of immunoglobulin gene segments, leading to B cells with functional receptors, is thought to be largely restricted to developing immature B cells in bone marrow. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mature B cells occasionally modify their antigen specificity by VH segment replacements during the germinal centre reaction to enhance antigen affinity, or to overcome self reactive antigen receptors. Although malignant B cells maintain the features of their normal counterparts in most instances, to date, such replacements have not been described for human B cell lymphomas. METHODS Rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain genes from two extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphomas were amplified, cloned, and sequenced. Sequences with identical CDR3 regions were selected and aligned to each other and public databases. RESULTS VH replacements were seen in two extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphomas. In line with the hypothesis that in mature B cells these replacements are associated with active somatic hypermutation, in addition to VH replacement, different mutation patterns were seen in the revised VH portions. In the remaining common 3'-VH regions, these mutations could be used to establish a phylogenetic relation between the sequences, rendering the possibility of artefactual chimaeric polymerase chain reaction products very unlikely. CONCLUSIONS These results support the view that VH replacements are a further mechanism for reshaping antigen affinity and specificity, and indicate that these receptor modifications are not restricted to normal and reactive germinal centre B cells, but may also occur in close association with the development of malignant B cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lenze
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
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26
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Gross W, Lenze D, Nowitzki U, Weiske J, Schnarrenberger C. Characterization, cloning, and evolutionary history of the chloroplast and cytosolic class I aldolases of the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Gene 1999; 230:7-14. [PMID: 10196468 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases from the acido- and thermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria were purified to apparent homogeneity and N-terminally microsequenced. Both aldolases had similar biochemical properties such as Km (FBP) (5.6-5.8 microM) and molecular masses of the native enzymes (165kDa) as determined by size exclusion chromatography. The subunit size of the purified aldolases, as determined by SDS-PAGE, was 42kDa for both aldolases. The isoenzymes were not inhibited by EDTA or affected by cysteine or potassium ions, implying that they belong to the class I group of aldolases, while other red algae are known to have one class I and one class II aldolase inhibited by EDTA. cDNA clones of the cytosolic and plastidic aldolases were isolated and sequenced. The gene for the cytosolic isoenzyme contained a 303bp untranslated leader sequence, while the gene for the plastidic isoenzyme exhibited a transit sequence of 56 amino-acid residues. Both isoenzymes showed about 48% homology in the deduced amino-acid sequences. A gene tree relates both aldolases to the basis of early eukaryotic class I aldolases. The phylogenetic relationship to other aldolases, particularly to cyanobacterial class II aldolases, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Gross
- Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie und Mikrobiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16a, 12169, Berlin, Germany
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