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Vrenken H, Battaglini M, de Vos ML, Nagtegaal GJ, Teixeira BCA, Seitzinger A, Jack D, Sormani MP, Uitdehaag BMJ, Versteeg A, Comi G, Kappos L, De Stefano N, Barkhof F. Temporal evolution of new T1-weighted hypo-intense lesions and central brain atrophy in patients with a first clinical demyelinating event treated with subcutaneous interferon β-1a. J Neurol 2023; 270:2271-2282. [PMID: 36723685 PMCID: PMC10025187 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effect of subcutaneous interferon β-1a (sc IFN β-1a) versus placebo on the evolution of T1-weighted MRI lesions and central brain atrophy in in patients with a first clinical demyelinating event (FCDE). METHODS Post hoc analysis of baseline-to-24 month MRI data from patients with an FCDE who received sc IFN β-1a 44 μg once- (qw) or three-times-weekly (tiw), or placebo, in REFLEX. Patients were grouped according to treatment regimen or conversion to clinically definite MS (CDMS) status. The intensity of new lesions on unenhanced T1-weighted images was classified as T1 iso- or hypo-intense (black holes) and percentage ventricular volume change (PVVC) was assessed throughout the study. RESULTS In patients not converting to CDMS, sc IFN β-1a tiw or qw, versus placebo, reduced the overall number of new lesions (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005) and new T1 iso-intense lesions (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002) after 24 months; only sc IFN β-1a tiw was associated with fewer T1 hypo-intense lesions versus placebo (P < 0.001). PVVC findings in patients treated with sc IFN β-1a suggested pseudo-atrophy that was ~ fivefold greater versus placebo in the first year of treatment (placebo 1.11%; qw 4.28%; tiw 6.76%; P < 001); similar findings were apparent for non-converting patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with an FCDE, treatment with sc IFN β-1a tiw for 24 months reduced the number of new lesions evolving into black holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vrenken
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Battaglini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M L de Vos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G J Nagtegaal
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B C A Teixeira
- Department of Radiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- Neuroradiology Department, Neurological Institute of Curitiba (INC/CETAC), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A Seitzinger
- Global Biostatistics, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Jack
- Global Medical Affairs, Merck Serono Ltd, (an affiliate of Merck KGaA), Feltham, UK
| | - M P Sormani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - B M J Uitdehaag
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Versteeg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Comi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Casa di Cura Privata del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L Kappos
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB) and Neurology Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Research, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N De Stefano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - F Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK
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Carrión D, Prah R, Gould CF, Agbokey F, Mujtaba M, Pillarisetti A, Tumasi M, Agyei O, Chillrud S, Tawiah T, Jack D, Asante KP. Using longitudinal survey and sensor data to understand the social and ecological determinants of clean fuels use and discontinuance in rural Ghana. Environ Res Commun 2020; 2:095003. [PMID: 34504994 PMCID: PMC8425314 DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/abb831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to reduce the health and ecological burdens of household biomass combustion are underway in Ghana, principally by promoting clean cookstoves and fuels. Recent studies have focused on the sustained use of clean cookstoves, but sometimes household adopt a new cookstove and then end use of that stove. In this study, we introduce a novel framework for understanding and encouraging household transitions to cleaner cooking: clean fuel discontinuance. We leveraged data from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS) (N = 1412) where pregnant women received either improved biomass (BioLite) or dual burner LPG stoves for free. LPG users were given free LPG refills during GRAPHS. Weekly questionnaires were administered. Stove use monitors tracked a sub-cohort (n = 220) 6 months before and after the fuel subsidy. We examined social and ecological determinants of stove use and discontinuance. Overall intervention stove use adherence was high throughout GRAPHS, with self-reported use at 69% and 86% of participant-weeks for BioLite and LPG arms respectively. Participants used intervention stoves less for meals requiring vigorous stirring. Burns from intervention stoves decreased use among BioLite (RR: 0.96, p = 0.009), but not LPG users. Device breakage was mentioned as an impediment in 18% of free-text responses for LPG users and 1% for BioLite. Tree canopy within a spatial buffer-a plausible proxy for biomass fuels access-was the only variable explaining LPG discontinued stove use in adjusted Cox time-to-event analyses (HR = -0.56, p < 0.001). Future studies should consider the stove use discontinuance framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carrión
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - R Prah
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - C F Gould
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - F Agbokey
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - M Mujtaba
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - A Pillarisetti
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - M Tumasi
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - O Agyei
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - S Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - T Tawiah
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - D Jack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - K P Asante
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
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Giovannoni G, Comi G, Rammohan K, Rieckmann P, Vermersch P, Dangond F, Keller B, Jack D. Long-term disease stability assessed by the expanded disability status scale in patients treated with cladribine tablets in the clarity and clarity extension studies. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Williams R, Duvall R, Kilaru V, Hagler G, Hassinger L, Benedict K, Rice J, Kaufman A, Judge R, Pierce G, Allen G, Bergin M, Cohen R, Fransioli P, Gerboles M, Habre R, Hannigan M, Jack D, Louie P, Martin N, Penza M, Polidori A, Subramanian R, Ray K, Schauer J, Seto E, Thurston G, Turner J, Wexler A, Ning Z. Deliberating performance targets workshop: Potential paths for emerging PM 2.5 and O 3 air sensor progress. Atmos Environ X 2019; 2:100031. [PMID: 34322666 PMCID: PMC8314253 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The United States Environmental Protection Agency held an international two-day workshop in June 2018 to deliberate possible performance targets for non-regulatory fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) air sensors. The need for a workshop arose from the lack of any market-wide manufacturer requirement for Ozone documented sensor performance evaluations, the lack of any independent third party or government-based sensor performance certification program, and uncertainty among all users as to the general usability of air sensor data. A multi-sector subject matter expert panel was assembled to facilitate an open discussion on these issues with multiple stakeholders. This summary provides an overview of the workshop purpose, key findings from the deliberations, and considerations for future actions specific to sensors. Important findings concerning PM2.5 and O3 sensors included the lack of consistent performance indicators and statistical metrics as well as highly variable data quality requirements depending on the intended use. While the workshop did not attempt to yield consensus on any topic, a key message was that a number of possible future actions would be beneficial to all stakeholders regarding sensor technologies. These included documentation of best practices, sharing quality assurance results along with sensor data, and the development of a common performance target lexicon, performance targets, and test protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Williams
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R. Duvall
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Corresponding author. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, MD E343-02, Research Triangle Park,
NC 27711, USA. (R. Duvall)
| | - V. Kilaru
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - G. Hagler
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - L. Hassinger
- Former Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
(ORISE) staff assigned to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - K. Benedict
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J. Rice
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - A. Kaufman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R. Judge
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, North
Chelmsford, MA, USA
| | - G. Pierce
- Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment,
Denver, CO, USA
| | - G. Allen
- Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Bergin
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC,
USA
| | - R.C. Cohen
- College of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley,
Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P. Fransioli
- Clark County Department of Air Quality (Nevada), Las Vegas,
NV, USA
| | - M. Gerboles
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra,
Italy
| | - R. Habre
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M. Hannigan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of
Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D. Jack
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New
York, NY, USA
| | - P. Louie
- Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong,
China
| | - N.A. Martin
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex,
United Kingdom
| | - M. Penza
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and
Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Brindisi Research Center, Brindisi,
Italy
- European Network on New Sensing Technologies for
Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability (EuNetAir), Brindisi,
Italy
| | - A. Polidori
- South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar,
CA, USA
| | - R. Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K. Ray
- Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Nespelem,
WAashington, USA
| | - J. Schauer
- College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison,
Madison, WI, USA
| | - E. Seto
- School of Public Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G. Thurston
- School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY,
USA
| | - J. Turner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Washington
University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A.S. Wexler
- Air Quality Research Center, University of
California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Z. Ning
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong,
China
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Cook S, Giovannoni G, Vermersch P, Soelberg-sorensen P, Keller B, Jack D. Lymphopenia Rates in Clarity/clarity Extension Are Unrelated to Disease Activity at Baseline. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vermersch P, Giovannoni G, Soelberg-sorensen P, Keller B, Jack D. Clinical Efficacy Is Sustained in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Following Treatment Switch to Placebo from Cladribine Tablets in Patients with High Disease Activity at Baseline. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Humphrey P, Feniuk W, Perren M, Oxford A, Brittain R, Jack D. The Pharmacology Of Selective 5Th1-Like Receptor Agonists For The Acute Treatment Of Migraine. Cephalalgia 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/03331024870070s6175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - W. Feniuk
- Glaxo Group Research Limited, Ware, Herts., SG12 ODJ, U.K
| | - M.J. Perren
- Glaxo Group Research Limited, Ware, Herts., SG12 ODJ, U.K
| | - A.W. Oxford
- Glaxo Group Research Limited, Ware, Herts., SG12 ODJ, U.K
| | - R.T. Brittain
- Glaxo Group Research Limited, Ware, Herts., SG12 ODJ, U.K
| | - D. Jack
- Glaxo Group Research Limited, Ware, Herts., SG12 ODJ, U.K
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8
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Vincken W, Aumann J, Jack D, Chen H, Henley M, Goyal P. P232 Once-daily co-administration of glycopyrronium and indacaterol via Breezhaler ®device improves lung function and symptoms in patients with COPD versus indacaterol alone: the GLOW6 study. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Conway K, Jack D, Dew C, Johnson S, Cooper V, Waters L, Fisher M. O15 Primary HIV infection: lack of knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM). Br J Vener Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601a.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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George J, Jack D, Mackle G, Callaghan TS, Wei L, Lang CC, Dow E, Struthers AD. High sensitivity troponin T provides useful prognostic information in non-acute chest pain. QJM 2012; 105:159-66. [PMID: 21954110 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcr174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-cTnT) in patients who present to General Practitioners (GPs) with non-acute chest pain. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS A total of 625 patients who were referred by their GPs to a regional Rapid Access Chest Pain Clinic in Tayside, Scotland were consented and recruited. Diamond-Forrester pretest probability of coronary artery disease (CAD) was used to select patients with intermediate and high-pretest probability. Hs-cTnT and B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) were measured and final diagnosis recorded. Twelve-month follow-up for cardiac events and hospital admission data was collected. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV), for both prognosis and diagnosis, were produced using various pre-specified cut-off values for hs-cTnT and BNP. RESULTS A total of 579 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these, 477 had intermediate/high-pretest probability of CAD. A total of 431 (90.4%) of patients had a hs-cTnT ≤14 ng/l. In this study, hs-cTnT of 14 ng/l was the best cut-off for ruling out if a patient would have an admission for cardiac chest pain in the following 12 months (specificity 90%, NPV 91.4%). It performed well as a predictor of a subsequent negative diagnosis of cardiac chest pain with a specificity of 92.4% and NPV of 83.5%. CONCLUSIONS Hs-cTnT, at the same level currently used in clinical practice as a diagnostic cut-off for myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndromes, is also a clinically-meaningful indicator for further 12-month cardiac chest pain hospital admissions in patients with non-acute chest pain referred to chest pain clinics by GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J George
- Centre for Cardiovascular & Lung Biology, Division of Medical Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.
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Magnussen H, Verkindre C, Jack D, Jadayel D, Henley M, Woessner R, Higgins M, Kramer B. Indacaterol once-daily is equally effective dosed in the evening or morning in COPD. Respir Med 2010; 104:1869-76. [PMID: 20850959 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Indacaterol is a novel, inhaled, long-acting β(2)-agonist providing 24-h bronchodilation with once-daily (o.d.) dosing in patients with COPD. In this double-blind, incomplete block crossover study, patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomised to receive three treatment cycles from: indacaterol 300 μg o.d. dosed PM or AM, salmeterol 50 μg twice daily or placebo, each for 14 days. Trough FEV(1) was measured 24 h after indacaterol, and 12 h after salmeterol. Ninety-six patients (mean age: 64 years; post-bronchodilator FEV(1) 57% predicted, FEV(1)/FVC 55%) were randomised; 83 completed. After 14 days, the difference vs. placebo in trough FEV(1) for PM indacaterol was 200 mL (p < 0.001 [primary analysis]) and for AM indacaterol was 200 mL (p < 0.001). Compared with salmeterol, trough FEV(1) for PM indacaterol was 110 mL higher (p < 0.001), and for AM indacaterol was 50 mL higher (p = NS). Over 14 days, vs. placebo, both PM and AM indacaterol improved the % of nights with no awakenings (by 11.9 and 8.1 points; p < 0.01); the % of days with no daytime symptoms (by 6.7 and 5.5 points; p < 0.05); and the % of days able to perform usual activities (by 6.7 and 7.8 points; p < 0.05). Indacaterol provided 24-h bronchodilation and improvement in symptoms regardless of whether taken regularly in the morning or evening. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00615030.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Magnussen
- Pulmonary Research Institute, Hospital Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany
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Dahl R, Chung KF, Buhl R, Magnussen H, Nonikov V, Jack D, Bleasdale P, Owen R, Higgins M, Kramer B. Efficacy of a new once-daily long-acting inhaled 2-agonist indacaterol versus twice-daily formoterol in COPD. Thorax 2010; 65:473-9. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2009.125435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Kornmann O, Jack D, Owen R, Kramer B, Higgins M. Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit von Indacaterol über 52 Wochen bei der Behandlung der COPD. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Buhl R, Jack D, Owen R, Kramer B, Higgins M. Indacaterol einmal täglich verbessert bei Patienten mit COPD die Lungenfunktion sowie den Dyspnoe- und BODE-Index: eine 52-wöchige Studie. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Magnussen H, Jack D, Jadayel D, Owen R, Higgins M, Kramer B. Gleiche Wirksamkeit von Indacaterol o.d. bei morgendlicher oder abendlicher Anwendung. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kornmann O, Buhl R, Jack D, Owen R, Krippner F, Higgins M. Dosisfindungsstudie zu Indacaterol mit einem Vergleich gegen Tiotropium. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Beier J, Owen R, Jack D, Brookman L, Higgins M, Seyfried S. Indacaterol –Überblick über das kardiale Sicherheitsprofil bei COPD. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cuello JL, Sadler P, Jack D, Ono E, Jordan KA. Evaluation of light transmission and distribution materials for Lunar and Martian bioregenerative life support. Life Support Biosph Sci 2002; 5:389-402. [PMID: 11871446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The materials that were selected and evaluated in this study in the context of bioregenerative advanced life support included polymer optical cables, for transmission of photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), and light pipe, woven optical pad and light-emitting fiber (LEF) for PPF distribution. All materials exhibited significant fidelity in transmitting the spectral characteristics of the artificial lluminator's Xenon-Metal Halide lamp. The PPF attenuation values for the polymer cables EL-200, EL-300, EL-400, and EL-500 were not significantly distinguishable from one another nor from that of the fused-silica cable of 0.34 dB/m. With the exception of EL-100 and EL-700, which had significantly lower PPF transmission efficiencies of 54.9%/m and 66.6%/m, respectively, all the other polymer cables had PPF transmission efficiencies of over 85%/m which, except for EL-300, were not significantly different from one another nor from that of the fused-silica cable of 93.2%/m. The highest PPF output efficiency achieved for the 7.1-cm light pipe 14.7%, for its maximum pipe length of 100 cm. At a constant pipe length of 50 cm, the PPF output efficiency of the 10-cm light pipe of 0.71% was significantly lower than that of the 7.1-cm light pipe of 10.54%. The PPF output for the woven optical pad was determined to be 36.3%. The PPF output efficiency for the LEF without the optic fastener was determined to be 27.1%, whereas that for the LEF with the optic fastener was 50.3%, that is, the maximum value of PPF output efficiency in the study. The polymer optical cables, light pipe, woven optical pad, and LEF exhibited significant regularity and symmetry in their PPF output spatial distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cuello
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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Jack D, Walker T. Benjamin Arthur Hems, 29 June 1912-2 July 1995. Biogr Mem Fellows R Soc 2001; 43:215-33. [PMID: 11619976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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21
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Jack D. Stiff competition expected in ED market. Drug News Perspect 2001; 14:436-9. [PMID: 12813587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
At the British Association of Urological Surgeons Annual Meeting, held June 2529, 2001, in Dublin, Ireland, participants gathered to absorb the newest information regarding treatment strategies, as well as the latest procedures and new developments in equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jack
- MWEC Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland
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Jack D, Boian R, Merians AS, Tremaine M, Burdea GC, Adamovich SV, Recce M, Poizner H. Virtual reality-enhanced stroke rehabilitation. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2001; 9:308-18. [PMID: 11561668 DOI: 10.1109/7333.948460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A personal computer (PC)-based desktop virtual reality (VR) system was developed for rehabilitating hand function in stroke patients. The system uses two input devices, a CyberGlove and a Rutgers Master II-ND (RMII) force feedback glove, allowing user interaction with a virtual environment. This consists of four rehabilitation routines, each designed to exercise one specific parameter of hand movement: range, speed, fractionation or strength. The use of performance-based target levels is designed to increase patient motivation and individualize exercise difficulty to a patient's current state. Pilot clinical trials have been performed using the above system combined with noncomputer tasks, such as pegboard insertion or tracing of two-dimensional (2-D) patterns. Three chronic stroke patients used this rehabilitation protocol daily for two weeks. Objective measurements showed that each patient showed improvement on most of the hand parameters over the course of the training. Subjective evaluation by the patients was also positive. This technical report focuses on this newly developed technology for VR rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jack
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Jack D. Making advances - but not too quickly and not too many. Drug News Perspect 2001; 14:369-72. [PMID: 12813599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The World Congress of Neurology is one of the major international neurology conferences, and this year's meeting, held June 1722, brought almost 5,000 delegates to London from all corners of the globe. At the opening address, President of the World Federation of Neurology James Toole called on neurologists to use the greatly improved means of communication to improve society.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jack
- MWEC Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Jack D. TDM: the key to more effective HIV treatment? Drug News Perspect 2000; 13:622-7. [PMID: 12879133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
At the 5th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, held in Glasgow, Scotland, October 22-26, 2000, the increasingly important role of the clinical pharmacologist was underlined. Now that complicated combination therapy regimens are routine in HIV treatment, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is increasingly necessary to monitor drug levels in blood, potential drug interactions, changes in bioavailability and patient nonadherence. Most of the congress was devoted to the presentation of the latest clinical data on the major drugs and their most important combinations used for HAART, including data on trials with nelfinavir, indinavir, BMS-232632, ritonavir, nevirapine, lamivudine/zidovudine and lopinavir/ritonavir, as well as with dronabinol. The sense of optimism triggered by the advent of HAART in the last few years continues to grow, and this will clearly be encouraged by more efficient approaches to treatment such as the advent of TDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jack
- MWEC Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland.
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Jack D. The sartans are coming! Drug News Perspect 2000; 13:121-4. [PMID: 12937638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The 3(rd) International Symposium on Angiotensin II Antagonism was held in London February 28-March 2, 2000, and was accompanied by a number of company-sponsored symposia discussing "sartan" drugs. The advent of these angiotensin II receptor antagonists in the 1990s was welcomed with much enthusiasm owing to their reduced side effect profiles in comparison with members of other classes of antihypertensive drugs. Losartan and valsartan had previously been combined successfully with hydrochlorothiazide. A new sartan combination--candesartan cilexetil + hydrochlorothiazide--was announced during the meeting and new clinical trial data were presented. There are a number of questions that still need answers with respect to the role of the sartans in areas other than hypertension; help in answering at least some of these questions should be provided soon by the results of several megastudies that are currently under way.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the usefulness of a three dimensional (3D) motion analysis system for the quantitative measurement of tremor in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Six PD patients with hand tremors were studied using a system that employed 3D electromagnetic position sensors to measure the actual, cumulative displacement of the tremoring finger. Patients were studied in different hand positions and activating conditions before and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after intake of Pramipexole, a dopamine agonist known to reduce tremor. Tremor amplitude and frequency, before and after drug intake, were compared using Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon rank test, respectively. RESULTS The motion analysis system allowed discrimination of tremor related events from movement artifact and allowed the calculation of real world movement of the finger tremor despite altered hand positions and orientation. Average 3D tremor frequency ranged from 3.71 to 4.34 Hz. Median tremor amplitude (total distance traveled per 5 s interval) decreased with drug from 4.9 to 1.6 cm for resting tremor, 4.5 to 3.7 cm for postural tremor, 3.4 to 3.3 cm for precision tremor, 10.2 to 3.3 cm for tapping activation and 108.6 to 5.7 cm for counting activation. CONCLUSIONS Our method of 3D analysis provides a robust, single quantitative measure of tremor amplitude that is intuitive and likely to reflect the functional impact of tremor. This methodology should be useful in comparing tremor across patients and in measuring the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rajaraman
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Klein N, Jack D. Immunodeficiency and the gut: clues to the role of the immune system in gastrointestinal disease. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999; 31:802-6. [PMID: 10730573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal disease occurs in a high proportion of patients with primary immunodeficiency. While enteric infections are responsible for the gastrointestinal pathology in many individuals, it is now clear that infection alone is not sufficient to explain the gut pathology found in many immunodeficiencies. This article focuses on recent developments in this field and highlights the insights gained in understanding the complex relationship between immunodeficiency and the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Klein
- Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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Jack D. Berlin biomedical campus unifies laboratory and clinic. Lancet 1999; 354:1452. [PMID: 10543682 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jack D. Do efflux pumps hold the key to better antifungal treatment? Mol Med Today 1998; 4:275. [PMID: 9743985 DOI: 10.1016/s1357-4310(98)01286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Jack D. Asthma guidelines. Thorax 1997; 52:665; author reply 665-6. [PMID: 9246148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Mead R, Jack D, Pembrey M, Tyfield L, Turner M. Mannose-binding lectin alleles in a prospectively recruited UK population. The ALSPAC Study Team. Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Lancet 1997; 349:1669-70. [PMID: 9186390 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)62635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Jack D. The interaction between salmeterol and the beta 2-adrenoceptor protein. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1997; 18:149-51. [PMID: 9184473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Jack D. Current drug treatment of asthma. J Pharm Pharmacol 1997; 49 Suppl 3:17-8. [PMID: 9178202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Jack D. C4 Activation by Mannose-binding lectin on isogenic mutants of Neisseria meningitidis. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)86908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
We describe a rapid and simple method for genotyping the three known structural mutations within exon 1 of the mannan-binding lectin (MBL) gene. A PCR-amplifiable synthetic DNA (Universal Heteroduplex Generator) was annealed to genomic PCR product from exon 1 to generate unique DNA heteroduplexes for each mutation. Heteroduplexes were then resolved by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The technique was initially validated with previously typed samples and then applied to previously untyped samples with the results confirmed by DNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jack
- Immunobiology Unit, University of London, United Kingdom
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Matthew B, Jack D. "Lien on me"--veterinary liens for accounts receivable. Can Vet J 1996; 37:312-4. [PMID: 8705980 PMCID: PMC1576400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Matthew
- Veterinary Practice Management Consultant, Elora, Ontario
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Jack D. Popular medical information on Internet. Lancet 1995; 346:250. [PMID: 7616820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
A horizontal electrophoresis method using a discontinuous polyacrylamide gel to identify haptoglobin polymorphs is described. Improvements over the traditional vertical gel method include less sample required, easy gel preparation, and shortened run time. Additionally, vertical electrophoresis equipment, which can be technically challenging, is not needed. Caucasian, Black and Hispanic databases, each created from 100 autopsy blood samples from the New York City Medical Examiner's Office, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Quarino
- Department of Forensic Biology, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, New York City, USA
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