|
1
|
Drmota P, Nadlinger DP, Main D, Nichol BC, Ainley EM, Leichtle D, Mantri A, Kashefi E, Srinivas R, Araneda G, Ballance CJ, Lucas DM. Verifiable Blind Quantum Computing with Trapped Ions and Single Photons. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:150604. [PMID: 38682960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.150604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
We report the first hybrid matter-photon implementation of verifiable blind quantum computing. We use a trapped-ion quantum server and a client-side photonic detection system networked via a fiber-optic quantum link. The availability of memory qubits and deterministic entangling gates enables interactive protocols without postselection-key requirements for any scalable blind server, which previous realizations could not provide. We quantify the privacy at ≲0.03 leaked classical bits per qubit. This experiment demonstrates a path to fully verified quantum computing in the cloud.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Drmota
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D P Nadlinger
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Main
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - B C Nichol
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - E M Ainley
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Leichtle
- Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - A Mantri
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - E Kashefi
- Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
- School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - R Srinivas
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - G Araneda
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C J Ballance
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D M Lucas
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Harb M, Leichtle D, Kim BY, Martins JP, van der Laan JG, Bergman J, Polunovskiy E, Serikov A. Scoping Nuclear Analyses of Shielding Options and Shutdown Dose Rate Contributions in ITER TBSs. Fusion Science and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Harb
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - D. Leichtle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - B.-Y. Kim
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - J.-P. Martins
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - J. G. van der Laan
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - J. Bergman
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - E. Polunovskiy
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - A. Serikov
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Caruso G, Ciattaglia S, Colling B, Pace LD, Dongiovanni D, D'Onorio M, Garcia M, Jin X, Johnston J, Leichtle D, Pinna T, Porfiri M, Raskob W, Taylor N, Terranova N, Vale R. DEMO – The main achievements of the Pre – Concept phase of the safety and environmental work package and the development of the GSSR. Fusion Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
|
4
|
Leichtle D, Fischer U, Bachmann C. Strategical Approach for the Neutronics in the European Fusion Programme. Fusion Science and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1887716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Leichtle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - U. Fischer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C. Bachmann
- EUROfusion – Programme Management Unit, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Harb M, Park J, Leichtle D, Martins J, Kim B, van der Laan J, Bergman J. Neutronics analysis and assessment of shielding options of pipe forest and Bioshield-Plug design for ITER TBSs. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
|
6
|
Strauss D, Aiello G, Bertizzolo R, Bruschi A, Casal N, Chavan R, Farina D, Figini L, Gagliardi M, Goodman T, Grossetti G, Heemskerk C, Henderson M, Kasparek W, Koning J, Landis JD, Leichtle D, Meier A, Moro A, Nowak S, Pacheco J, Platania P, Plaum B, Poli E, Ramseyer F, Ronden D, Saibene G, Más-Sanchez A, Santos Silva P, Sauter O, Scherer T, Schreck S, Sozzi C, Spaeh P, Vagnoni M, Vaccaro A, Weinhorst B. Nearing final design of the ITER EC H&CD Upper Launcher. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
|
7
|
Fischer U, Bachmann C, Catalan J, Eade T, Flammini D, Gilbert M, Jaboulay JC, Konobeev A, Leichtle D, Lu L, Malouch F, Moro F, Pereslavtsev P, Qiu Y, Sanz J, Sauvan P, Stankunas G, Travleev A, Turner A, Ogando F, Palermo I, Villari R. Methodological approach for DEMO neutronics in the European PPPT programme: Tools, data and analyses. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
|
8
|
Packer L, Batistoni P, Colling B, Drozdowicz K, Jednorog S, Gilbert M, Laszynska E, Leichtle D, Mietelski J, Pillon M, Stamatelatos I, Vasilopoulou T, Wójcik-Gargula A. Status of ITER material activation experiments at JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
|
9
|
Fischer U, Leichtle D, Serikov A, Pereslavtsev P, Villari R. Review and Validation of Shutdown Dose Rate Estimation Techniques for Application to ITER. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a19153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Fischer
- Association KIT-Euratom, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - D. Leichtle
- Association KIT-Euratom, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A. Serikov
- Association KIT-Euratom, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - P. Pereslavtsev
- Association KIT-Euratom, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - R. Villari
- Association ENEA-Euratom, ENEA Fusion Division, Via E. Fermi 27, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Angelone M, Fischer U, Flammini D, Jodlowski P, Klix A, Kodeli I, Kuc T, Leichtle D, Lilley S, Majerle M, Novák J, Ostachowicz B, Packer L, Pillon M, Pohorecki W, Radulović V, Šimečková E, Štefánik M, Villari R. Neutronics experiments, radiation detectors and nuclear techniques development in the EU in support of the TBM design for ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
|
11
|
Serikov A, Fischer U, Henderson M, Leichtle D, Pitcher C, Spaeh P, Strauss D, Suarez A, Weinhorst B. Neutronics for equatorial and upper ports in ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
|
12
|
Große D, Fischer U, Kondo K, Leichtle D, Pereslavtsev P, Serikov A. Status of the McCad geometry conversion tool and related visualization capabilities for 3D fusion neutronics calculations. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
|
13
|
Pereslavtsev P, Fischer U, Leichtle D, Villari R. Novel approach for efficient mesh based Monte Carlo shutdown dose rate calculations. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
|
14
|
Serikov A, Fischer U, Leichtle D, Pitcher C. Monte Carlo radiation shielding and activation analyses for the Diagnostic Equatorial Port Plug in ITER. Fusion Engineering and Design 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
|
15
|
Leichtle D, Fischer U, Kodeli I, Perel R, Klix A, Batistoni P, Villari R. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of the HCLL mock-up experiment. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
|
16
|
Klix A, Batistoni P, Böttger R, Lebrun-Grandie D, Fischer U, Henniger J, Leichtle D, Villari R. Measurement and analysis of neutron flux spectra in a neutronics mock-up of the HCLL test blanket module. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
|
17
|
Batistoni P, Angelone M, Fischer U, Leichtle D, Klix A, Kodeli I, Petrizzi L, Pohorecki W, Trkov A, Villari R. Design optimisation and measuring techniques for the neutronics experiment on a HCLL–TBM mock-up. Fusion Engineering and Design 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
|
18
|
Leichtle D, Arbeiter F, Dolensky B, Fischer U, Gordeev S, Heinzel V, Ihli T, Lang KH, Moeslang A, Simakov S, Slobodchuk V, Stratmanns E. IFMIF High Flux Test Module—Recent progress in design and manufacturing. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
|
19
|
Arbeiter F, Gordeev S, Heinzel V, Ihli T, Leichtle D, Möslang A, Slobotchouk V. Features and optimization approaches of the entrance section cooling gas flow of the IFMIF High Flux Test Module. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
|
20
|
Klix A, Batistoni P, Fischer U, Freiesleben H, Leichtle D, Seidel K, Unholzer S. Measurement of Flux Spectra and Tritium Production Rates in an ITER TBM Mock-Up Irradiated with 14-MeV Neutrons. Fusion Science and Technology 2007. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Klix
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - P. Batistoni
- Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, C.R. Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - U. Fischer
- Association FZK-Euratom, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - H. Freiesleben
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - D. Leichtle
- Association FZK-Euratom, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K. Seidel
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Unholzer
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Seidel K, Batistoni P, Fischer U, Freiesleben H, Klix A, Leichtle D, Poenitz E, Unholzer S, Villari R. Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray flux spectra in a neutronics mock-up of the HCPB Test Blanket Module. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
|
22
|
Heinzel V, Arbeiter F, Dolensky B, Fischer U, Gordeev S, Lang KH, Leichtle D, Moeslang A, Simakov S, Slobodchuk V, Stratmanns E, Vladimirov P. IFMIF high flux test module and test cell—Design and design validation. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
|
23
|
Leichtle D, Fischer U, Kodeli I, Perel R, Angelone M, Batistoni P, Carconi P, Pillon M, Schäfer I, Seidel K, Villari R, Zappa G. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of the tritium production in the HCPB breeder blanket mock-up experiment. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
|
24
|
Batistoni P, Angelone M, Bettinali L, Carconi P, Fischer U, Kodeli I, Leichtle D, Ochiai K, Perel R, Pillon M, Schäfer I, Seidel K, Verzilov Y, Villari R, Zappa G. Neutronics experiment on a helium cooled pebble bed (HCPB) breeder blanket mock-up. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
|
25
|
Slobodchuk V, Stratmanns E, Gordeev S, Heinzel V, Leichtle D, Möslang A, Simakov S. Natural convection cooling of the IFMIF target and test cell. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
|
26
|
Seidel K, Eichin R, Fischer U, Forrest R, Freiesleben H, Leichtle D, Negoita C, Unholzer S. Benchmark experiments to validate the nuclear data of tungsten. Fusion Engineering and Design 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|