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Medina-Reyes EI, Delgado-Buenrostro NL, Leseman DL, Déciga-Alcaraz A, He R, Gremmer ER, Fokkens PHB, Flores-Flores JO, Cassee FR, Chirino YI. Differences in cytotoxicity of lung epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide nanofibers and nanoparticles: Comparison of air-liquid interface and submerged cell cultures. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104798. [PMID: 32084520 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Air Liquid Interface (ALI) system has emerged as a useful tool for toxicity evaluation of nanomaterials related to inhalation since the system mimics the aerosol exposure. We compared the biological responses of lung epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers and nanoparticles in ALI and submerged cell cultures systems. Cells were exposed to 2 and 10 μg/cm2 for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h and LDH release, TiO2 internalization, DNA-double strand breaks (DSBs) and ROS production were assessed. LDH release was similar in both systems and particles had higher cytoplasmic uptake in submerged systems. Both TiO2 types were located in the cytoplasm but nanofibers had nuclear uptake regardless to the system tested. Cells exposed to TiO2 nanofibers had higher DSBs in the ALI system than in submerged cell cultures but cells exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles had similar DSBs in both systems. ROS production was higher in cells exposed to TiO2 nanofibers compared to cells exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles. In conclusion, cytotoxicity of lung epithelial cells was similar in ALI or submerged cell cultures, however cells exposed to TiO2 nanofibers displayed higher toxicity than cells exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefany I Medina-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Norma L Delgado-Buenrostro
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Daan L Leseman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ruiwen He
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eric R Gremmer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H B Fokkens
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - José O Flores-Flores
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
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