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Gorris MAJ, Halilovic A, Rabold K, van Duffelen A, Wickramasinghe IN, Verweij D, Wortel IMN, Textor JC, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. Eight-Color Multiplex Immunohistochemistry for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Immune Checkpoint Molecules within the Tumor Microenvironment. J I 2017; 200:347-354. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Hato SV, Figdor CG, Takahashi S, Pen AE, Halilovic A, Bol KF, Vasaturo A, Inoue Y, de Haas N, Verweij D, Van Herpen CML, Kaanders JH, van Krieken JHJM, Van Laarhoven HWM, Hooijer GKJ, Punt CJA, Asai A, de Vries IJM, Lesterhuis WJ. Direct inhibition of STAT signaling by platinum drugs contributes to their anti-cancer activity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54434-54443. [PMID: 28903353 PMCID: PMC5589592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapeutics are amongst the most powerful anti-cancer drugs. Although their exact mechanism of action is not well understood, it is thought to be mediated through covalent DNA binding. We investigated the effect of platinum-based chemotherapeutics on signaling through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, which are involved in many oncogenic signaling pathways. We performed in vitro experiments in various cancer cell lines, investigating the effects of platinum chemotherapeutics on STAT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, the expression of STAT-modulating proteins and downstream signaling pathways. Direct binding of platinum to STAT proteins was assessed using an AlphaScreen assay. Nuclear STAT3 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and correlated with disease-free survival in retrospective cohorts of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (n= 65) or with radiotherapy alone (n = 32). At clinically relevant concentrations, platinum compounds inhibited STAT phosphorylation, resulting in loss of constitutively activated STAT proteins in multiple distinct cancer cell lines. Platinum drugs specifically inhibited phospho-tyrosine binding to SH2 domains, thereby blocking STAT activation, and subsequently downregulating pro-survival- and anti-apoptotic- target genes. Importantly, we found that active STAT3 in tumors directly correlated with response to cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in HNSCC patients (p = 0.006). These findings provide insight into a novel, non-DNA-targeted mechanism of action of platinum drugs, and could be leveraged into the use of STAT expression as predictive biomarker for cisplatin chemotherapy and to potentiate other therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanleyson V Hato
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susumu Takahashi
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Anja E Pen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Altuna Halilovic
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Vasaturo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yukie Inoue
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nienke de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Verweij
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla M L Van Herpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H Kaanders
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan H J M van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M Van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit K J Hooijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Current address: University of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Perth, Australia
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Vasaturo A, Di Blasio S, Verweij D, Blokx WAM, van Krieken JH, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. Multispectral imaging for highly accurate analysis of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary melanoma. Histopathology 2016; 70:643-649. [PMID: 27571246 DOI: 10.1111/his.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The quality and quantity of the infiltration of immune cells into tumour tissues have substantial impacts on patients' clinical outcomes, and are associated with response to immunotherapy. Therefore, the precise analysis of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is becoming an important additional pathological biomarker. Analysis of TILs is usually performed semiquantitatively by pathologists on haematoxylin and eosin-stained or immunostained tissue sections. However, automated quantification outperforms semiquantitative approaches, and is becoming the standard. Owing to the presence of melanin pigment, this approach is seriously hampered in melanoma, because the spectrum of melanin lies close to that of commonly used immunohistochemical stains. Aim of this study is to overcome the technical issues due to the presence of melanin for an automated and accurate quantification of TILs in melanoma. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we successfully applied a novel multispectral imaging (MSI) technique to enumerate T cells in human primary melanomas. This microscopy technique combines imaging with spectroscopy to obtain both quantitative expression data and the tissue distributions of different cellular markers. We demonstrate that MSI allows complete and accurate analysis of TILs, successfully avoiding the blurring of images by melanin pigments, in whole tissue slide primary melanoma lesions, which could otherwise not be accurately detected by conventional digital image methodologies. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the potential of MSI for accurate assessment of immune cell infiltrates, including those in notoriously difficult tissues, such as pigmented melanomas. Quantification of tumour infiltration by different immune cell types is crucial in the search for new biomarkers to predict patient responses to immunotherapies. Our findings show that this innovative microscopy technique is an important extension of the armamentarium of pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Vasaturo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefania Di Blasio
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Verweij
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Willeke A M Blokx
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Vasaturo A, Halilovic A, Bol K, Verweij D, Blokx W, Groenen P, van Krieken H, Textor J, de Vries J, Figdor C. T cell landscape within primary melanoma as a biomarker of survival after cancer vaccination in patients with metastatic disease. J Immunother Cancer 2015. [PMCID: PMC4652495 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-3-s2-p420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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