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Silva LP, Santos IP, Silva DKC, dos Reis BPZC, Meira CS, Castro MVBDS, dos Santos Filho JM, de Araujo-Neto JH, Ellena JA, da Silveira RG, Soares MBP. Molecular Hybridization Strategy on the Design, Synthesis, and Structural Characterization of Ferrocene- N-acyl Hydrazones as Immunomodulatory Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238343. [PMID: 36500436 PMCID: PMC9737981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory agents are widely used for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases, but the range of side effects of the available drugs makes necessary the search for new immunomodulatory drugs. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory activity of new ferrocenyl-N-acyl hydrazones derivatives (SintMed(141−156). The evaluated N-acyl hydrazones did not show cytotoxicity at the tested concentrations, presenting CC50 values greater than 50 µM. In addition, all ferrocenyl-N-acyl hydrazones modulated nitrite production in immortalized macrophages, showing inhibition values between 14.4% and 74.2%. By presenting a better activity profile, the ferrocenyl-N-acyl hydrazones SintMed149 and SintMed150 also had their cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effect evaluated in cultures of peritoneal macrophages. The molecules were not cytotoxic at any of the concentrations tested in peritoneal macrophages and were able to significantly reduce (p < 0.05) the production of nitrite, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Interestingly, both molecules significantly reduced the production of IL-2 and IFN-γ in cultured splenocytes activated with concanavalin A. Moreover, SintMed150 did not show signs of acute toxicity in animals treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg. Finally, we observed that ferrocenyl-N-acyl hydrazone SintMed150 at 100 mg/kg reduced the migration of neutrophils (44.6%) in an acute peritonitis model and increased animal survival by 20% in an LPS-induced endotoxic shock model. These findings suggest that such compounds have therapeutic potential to be used to treat diseases of inflammatory origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Peres Silva
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Ivanilson Pimenta Santos
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cássio Santana Meira
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
- Institute for Innovation in Advanced Health Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS—University Center SENAI/CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcos Venícius Batista de Souza Castro
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis Applied to Medicinal Chemistry-SintMed®, Center for Technology and Geosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil
| | - José Maurício dos Santos Filho
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis Applied to Medicinal Chemistry-SintMed®, Center for Technology and Geosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-521, PE, Brazil
| | - João Honorato de Araujo-Neto
- Multiuser Laboratory of Structural Crystallography, Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Javier Alcides Ellena
- Multiuser Laboratory of Structural Crystallography, Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gomes da Silveira
- Multiuser Laboratory of Structural Crystallography, Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Goiás, Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, GO, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
- Institute for Innovation in Advanced Health Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS—University Center SENAI/CIMATEC), Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Meira CS, Soares JWC, Dos Reis BPZC, Pacheco LV, Santos IP, Silva DKC, de Lacerda JC, Daltro SRT, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. Therapeutic Applications of Physalins: Powerful Natural Weapons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864714. [PMID: 35450054 PMCID: PMC9016203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalins, or 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco steroids, are compounds belonging to the class of withanolides that can be found in plants of Solanaceae family, mainly in species belonging to the genus Physalis spp., which are annual herbaceous plants widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Physalins are versatile molecules that act in several cell signaling pathways and activate different mechanisms of cell death or immunomodulation. A number of studies have shown a variety of actions of these compounds, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and antiviral activities. Here we reviewed the main findings related to the anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antiparasitic activities of physalins and its mechanisms of action, highlighting the \challenges and future directions in the pharmacological application of physalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Costa de Lacerda
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahiana Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
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Magalhães TBDS, Silva DKC, Teixeira JDS, De Lima JDT, Barbosa-Filho JM, Moreira DRM, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. A Betulinic Acid Derivative, BA5, Induces G0/G1 Cell Arrest, Apoptosis Like-Death, and Morphological Alterations in Leishmania sp. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:846123. [PMID: 35392556 PMCID: PMC8981292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.846123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis are endemic diseases caused by different species of intracellular parasites of the genus Leishmania. Due to the high toxicity and drug resistance of current antileishmanial drugs, it is necessary to identify new and more effective drugs. Previously, we investigated the immunomodulatory and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi action of BA5, a derivative of betulinic acid. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro activity of BA5 against different species of Leishmania and their action mechanism. BA5 exhibited low cytotoxicity against macrophages and inhibited the proliferation of promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 = 4.5 ± 1.1 μM), Leishmania major (IC50 = 3.0 ± 0.8 μM), Leishmania braziliensis (IC50 = 0.9 ± 1.1 μM) and Leishmania infantum (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.05 μM). Incubation with BA5 reduced the percentage of Leishmania amazonensis-infected macrophages and the number of intracellular parasites (IC50 = 4.1 ± 0.7 μM). To understand the mechanism of action underlying BA5 antileishmanial activity (incubation at IC50/2, IC50 or 2xIC50 values of the drug), we investigated ultrastructural changes by scanning electron microscopy and evaluated cell cycle, membrane mitochondrial potential, and cell death against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis by flow cytometry. Promastigotes incubated with BA5 presented membrane blebbing, flagella damage, increased size, and body deformation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that parasite death is mainly caused by apoptosis-like death, arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and did not alter the membrane mitochondrial potential of Leishmania amazonensis. Surprisingly, the combination of BA5 and amphotericin B, an assay used to determine the degree of drug interaction, revealed synergistic effects (CI = 0.15 ± 0.09) on promastigotes forms of Leishmania amazonensis. In conclusion, BA5 compound is an effective and selective antileishmanial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Barbosa Dos Santos Magalhães
- Laboratório de Histotécnica e Cultura Celular, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Dahara Keyse Carvalho Silva
- Laboratório de Histotécnica e Cultura Celular, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Jessica da Silva Teixeira
- Laboratório de Histotécnica e Cultura Celular, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Juliana Dizaira Teles De Lima
- Laboratório de Histotécnica e Cultura Celular, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Rodrigo Magalhães Moreira
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Laboratório de Histotécnica e Cultura Celular, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Senai de Inovação Em Sistemas Avançados Em Saúde, SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
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Santos EDS, Silva DKC, dos Reis BPZC, Barreto BC, Cardoso CMA, Ribeiro dos Santos R, Meira CS, Soares MBP. Immunomodulation for the Treatment of Chronic Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy: A New Approach to an Old Enemy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:765879. [PMID: 34869068 PMCID: PMC8633308 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.765879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a parasitic infection caused by the intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is the most severe manifestation of the disease, developed by approximately 20-40% of patients and characterized by occurrence of arrhythmias, heart failure and death. Despite having more than 100 years of discovery, Chagas disease remains without an effective treatment, especially for patients with CCC. Since the pathogenesis of CCC depends on a parasite-driven systemic inflammatory profile that leads to cardiac tissue damage, the use of immunomodulators has become a rational alternative for the treatment of CCC. In this context, different classes of drugs, cell therapies with dendritic cells or stem cells and gene therapy have shown potential to modulate systemic inflammation and myocarditis in CCC models. Based on that, the present review provides an overview of current reports regarding the use of immunomodulatory agents in treatment of CCC, bringing the challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle de Souza Santos
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Breno Cardim Barreto
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Ribeiro dos Santos
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Cássio Santana Meira
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
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Silva DKC, Teixeira JS, Moreira DRM, da Silva TF, Barreiro EJDL, de Freitas HF, Pita SSDR, Teles ALB, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Effectiveness of LASSBio-1386, an N-Acyl Hydrazone Derivative Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor, Against Leishmania amazonensis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:590544. [PMID: 33390966 PMCID: PMC7772393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.590544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis are group of neglected diseases with worldwide distribution that affect about 12 million people. The current treatment is limited and may cause severe adverse effects, and thus, the search for new drugs more effective and less toxic is relevant. We have previously investigated the immunomodulatory effects of LASSBio-1386, an N-acylhydrazone derivative. Here we investigated the in vitro and in vivo activity of LASSBio-1386 against L. amazonensis. LASSBio-1386 inhibited the proliferation of promastigotes of L. amazonensis (EC50 = 2.4 ± 0.48 µM), while presenting low cytotoxicity to macrophages (CC50 = 74.1 ± 2.9 µM). In vitro incubation with LASSBio-1386 reduced the percentage of Leishmania-infected macrophages and the number of intracellular parasites (EC50 = 9.42 ± 0.64 µM). Also, in vivo treatment of BALB/c mice infected with L. amazonensis resulted in a decrease of lesion size, parasitic load and caused histopathological alterations, when compared to vehicle-treated control. Moreover, LASSBio-1386 caused ultrastructural changes, arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and did not alter the membrane mitochondrial potential of L. amazonensis. Aiming to its possible molecular interactions, we performed docking and molecular dynamics studies on Leishmania phosphodiesterase B1 (PDB code: 2R8Q) and LASSBio-1386. The computational analyses suggest that LASSBio-1386 acts against Leishmania through the modulation of leishmanial PDE activity. In conclusion, our results indicate that LASSBio-1386 is a promising candidate for the development of new leishmaniasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahara Keyse Carvalho Silva
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Jessicada Silva Teixeira
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Diogo Rodrigo Magalhães Moreira
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Tiago Fernandes da Silva
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio®), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliezer Jesus de Lacerda Barreiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio®), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Humberto Fonseca de Freitas
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Modelagem Molecular (LaBiMM), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Samuel Silva da Rocha Pita
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Modelagem Molecular (LaBiMM), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - André Lacerda Braga Teles
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular Medicinal e Toxicológica, Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Senai de Inovação em Sistemas Avançados em Saúde, Senai/Cimatec, Salvador, Brazil
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Guimarães ET, Dos Santos TB, Silva DKC, Meira CS, Moreira DRM, da Silva TF, Salmon D, Barreiro EJ, Soares MBP. Potent immunosuppressive activity of a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor N-acylhydrazone in models of lipopolysaccharide-induced shock and delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:108-118. [PMID: 30312879 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immunosuppressive drugs are widely used for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases and inflammation, but the toxicity and side effects of the available immunosuppressors make the search of new agents of great relevance. Here, we evaluated the immunomodulatory activity of an N-acylhydrazone derivative, (E)-N'-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-4-methoxybenzohydrazide (LASSBio-1386), a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor. LASSBio-1386 inhibited lymphocyte activation in a concentration-dependent fashion, decreasing lymphoproliferation and IFN-γ and IL-2 production stimulated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs or concanavalin A (Con A) and inducing cell-cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. These effects were not blocked by RU486, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, indicating an effect independent of glucocorticoid receptor activation. Combination index-isobologram analysis indicates a synergistic effect between LASSBio-1386 and dexamethasone in lymphoproliferation inhibition. LASSBio-1386 presented immunomodulatory action in macrophage cultures, as observed by a significant and concentration-dependent decrease in NO and TNF-α production, an effect achieved by reducing IĸB expression and NF-κB activation. In the mouse model of endotoxic shock, LASSBio-1386 at 50 and 100 mg/kg protected 50 and 85% of mice against LPS-induced lethality, respectively. In agreement to its in vitro action, treatment with 100 mg/kg of LASSBio-1386 reduced TNF-α and IL-1β serum levels, while increased IL-6 and IL-10. Finally, LASSBio-1386 reduced the paw edema in a BSA-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity model. These findings demonstrate the immunomodulatory and immunosuppressant effects of LASSBio-1386 and indicate this molecule is a promising pharmacologic agent for immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Estadual da Bahia, CEP 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), CEP 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barbosa Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Estadual da Bahia, CEP 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), CEP 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Dahara Keyse Carvalho Silva
- Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Histopatologia, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Estadual da Bahia, CEP 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), CEP 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cássio Santana Meira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), CEP 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Fernandes da Silva
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio®), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Didier Salmon
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliezer J Barreiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio®), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), CEP 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, CEP 41253-190 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Meira CS, Espírito Santo RFD, Dos Santos TB, Orge ID, Silva DKC, Guimarães ET, Aragão França LSD, Barbosa-Filho JM, Moreira DRM, Soares MBP. Betulinic acid derivative BA5, a dual NF-kB/calcineurin inhibitor, alleviates experimental shock and delayed hypersensitivity. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:156-165. [PMID: 28899698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a naturally occurring triterpenoid with several biological properties already described, including immunomodulatory activity. Here we investigated the immunomodulatory activity of eight semi-synthetic amide derivatives of betulinic acid. Screening of derivatives BA1-BA8 led to the identification of compounds with superior immunomodulatory activity than BA on activated macrophages and lymphocytes. BA5, the most potent derivative, inhibited nitric oxide and TNFα production in a concentration-dependent manner, and decreased NF-κB activation in Raw 264.7 cells. Additionally, BA5 inhibited the proliferation of activated lymphocytes and the secretion of IL-2, IL-4 IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and IFNɣ, in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis in lymphocyte cultures showed that treatment with BA5 induces cell cycle arrest in pre-G1 phase followed by cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, BA5 also inhibited the activity of calcineurin, an enzyme that plays a critical role in the progression of cell cycle and T lymphocyte activation. BA5 has a synergistic inhibitory effect with dexamethasone on lymphoproliferation, showing a promising profile for drug combination. Finally, we observed immunosuppressive effects of BA5 in vivo in mouse models of lethal endotoxemia and delayed type hypersensitivity. Our results reinforce the potential use of betulinic acid and its derivatives in the search for potent immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renan Fernandes do Espírito Santo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barbosa Dos Santos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Iasmim Diniz Orge
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Dahara Keyse Carvalho Silva
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Barbosa-Filho
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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