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Dhakan C, Anemone A, Ventura V, Carella A, Corrado A, Pirotta E, Villano D, Romdhane F, Gammaraccio F, Aime S, Longo DL. Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Proton Transport Inhibitors in a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Murine Model with Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Tumor pH Imaging. Metabolites 2023; 13:1161. [PMID: 37999256 PMCID: PMC10673543 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton transporters play a key role in maintaining the acidic tumor microenvironment; hence, their inhibition has been proposed as a new therapeutic treatment, although few methods can accurately assess their effect in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether MRI-CEST (Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer) tumor pH imaging can be a useful tool to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic efficacy of several Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) in breast cancer. Cell viability and extracellular pH assays were carried out in breast cancer cells cultured at physiological pH (7.4) or acid-adapted (pH of 6.5 and 6.8) following the exposure to inhibitors of V-ATPase (Lansoprazole, Esomeprazole) or NHE1 (Amiloride, Cariporide) at several concentrations. Next, triple-negative breast cancer 4T1 tumor-bearing mice were treated with Lansoprazole or Amiloride and MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging was utilized to assess the in vivo efficacy. Only Lansoprazole induced, in addition to breast cancer cell toxicity, a significant inhibition of proton extrusion. A significant reduction in tumor volume, prolonged survival, and increase in extracellular tumor pH after 1 and 2 weeks were observed after Lansoprazole treatment, whereas no significant changes were detected upon Amiloride treatment. Our results suggested that MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging can monitor the therapeutic efficacy of PPIs in breast cancer murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Dhakan
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Vittoria Ventura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Corrado
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Pirotta
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Feriel Romdhane
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Gammaraccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- IRCCS SynLAB SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Irrera P, Roberto M, Consolino L, Anemone A, Villano D, Navarro-Tableros V, Carella A, Dastrù W, Aime S, Longo DL. Effect of Esomeprazole Treatment on Extracellular Tumor pH in a Preclinical Model of Prostate Cancer by MRI-CEST Tumor pH Imaging. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010048. [PMID: 36676972 PMCID: PMC9866131 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel anticancer treatments target the pH regulating system that plays a major role in tumor progression by creating an acidic microenvironment, although few studies have addressed their effect on tumor acidosis. In this study, we investigated in vivo several proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) targeting NHE-1 (Amiloride and Cariporide) and V-ATPase (Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole) proton transporters in the DU145 androgen-insensitive human prostate cancer model. In cellulo results showed that DU145 are sensitive, with decreasing efficacy, to Amiloride, Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole, with marked cell toxicity both in normoxia and in hypoxia, with almost any change in pH. In vivo studies were performed upon administration of Esomeprazole to assess both the acute and chronic effects, and Iopamidol-based tumor pH imaging was performed to evaluate tumor acidosis. Although statistically significant tumor pH changes were observed a few hours after Esomeprazole administration in both the acute study and up to one week of treatment in the chronic study, longer treatment resulted in a lack of changes in tumor acidosis, which was associated to similar tumor growth curves between treated and control groups in both the subcutaneous and orthotopic models. Overall, this study highlights MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging as a valid approach to monitoring treatment response to PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Irrera
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Roberto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Victor Navarro-Tableros
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Slade F, Villano D, Luo J, Longo D, Collingwood JF. Enabling Characterisation of the NAD+ Biosynthesis Pathway via
in vitro
CEST MRI. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Festus Slade
- University of Wawrick, Department of Chemistry Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Turin Italy
| | - Jierong Luo
- University of Wawrick, School of Engineering Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Dario Longo
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Turin Italy
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Irrera P, Consolino L, Roberto M, Capozza M, Dhakan C, Carella A, Corrado A, Villano D, Anemone A, Navarro-Tableros V, Bracesco M, Dastrù W, Aime S, Longo DL. In Vivo MRI-CEST Tumor pH Imaging Detects Resistance to Proton Pump Inhibitors in Human Prostate Cancer Murine Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194916. [PMID: 36230838 PMCID: PMC9563279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment acidification confers treatment resistance; therefore, the interference with pH regulating systems is considered a new therapeutic strategy. In this study, two human prostate cancer cell lines, PC3 and LNCaP, have been treated in vitro with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), namely Lansoprazole, Esomeprazole (V-ATPases-inhibitors), Cariporide, and Amiloride (NHE1-inhibitors). The cell viability and pH were assessed at several drug concentrations either at normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Since Esomeprazole showed the highest toxicity towards the PC3 cancer cells compared to LNCaP ones, athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous or orthotopic PC3 tumors were treated with Esomeprazole (dose: 2.5 mg/kg body weight) for a period of three weeks—and tumor growth was monitored. MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging with Iopamidol was performed upon treatment at 3 h, 1 week (in combination with FDG-PET), and after 2 weeks for evaluating acute, early, and late responses. Although acute tumor pH changes were observed in vivo, long-term studies on both PC3 prostate cancer models did not provide any significant change in tumor acidosis or tumor growth. In conclusion, this work shows that MRI-CEST tumor pH imaging is a valuable tool for assessing the in vivo treatment response to PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Irrera
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Roberto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Capozza
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Chetan Dhakan
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Carella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Corrado
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Victor Navarro-Tableros
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Bracesco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Capozza M, Anemone A, Dhakan C, Della Peruta M, Bracesco M, Zullino S, Villano D, Terreno E, Longo DL, Aime S. GlucoCEST MRI for the Evaluation Response to Chemotherapeutic and Metabolic Treatments in a Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Comparison with[ 18F]F-FDG-PET. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 24:126-134. [PMID: 34383241 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have usually poor outcome after chemotherapy and early prediction of therapeutic response would be helpful. [18F]F-FDG-PET/CT acquisitions are often carried out to monitor variation in metabolic activity associated with response to the therapy, despite moderate accuracy and radiation exposure limit its application. The glucoCEST technique relies on the use of unlabelled D-glucose to assess glucose uptake with conventional MRI scanners and is currently under active investigations at clinical level. This work aims at validating the potential of MRI-glucoCEST in monitoring the therapeutic responses in a TNBC tumor murine model. PROCEDURES Breast tumor (4T1)-bearing mice were treated with doxorubicin or dichloroacetate for 1 week. PET/CT with [18F]F-FDG and MRI-glucoCEST were performed at baseline and after 3 cycles of treatment. Metabolic changes measured with [18F]F-FDG-PET and glucoCEST were compared and evaluated with changes in tumor volumes. RESULTS Doxorubicin-treated mice showed a significant decrease in tumor growth when compared to the control group. GlucoCEST imaging provided metabolic response after three cycles of treatment. Conversely, no variations were detected in [18F]F-FDG uptake. Dichloroacetate-treated mice did not show any decrease either in tumor volume or in tumor metabolic activity as assessed by both glucoCEST and [18F]F-FDG-PET. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic changes during doxorubicin treatment can be predicted by glucoCEST imaging that appears more sensitive than [18F]F-FDG-PET in reporting on therapeutic response. These findings support the view that glucoCEST may be a sensitive technique for monitoring metabolic response, but future studies are needed to explore the accuracy of this approach in other tumor types and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Capozza
- Center for Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Chetan Dhakan
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Melania Della Peruta
- Center for Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Martina Bracesco
- Center for Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Sara Zullino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Center for Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy.,Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza, 52, Turin, 10126, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
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Kim H, Wu Y, Villano D, Longo DL, McMahon MT, Sun PZ. Analysis Protocol for the Quantification of Renal pH Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2216:667-688. [PMID: 33476030 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The kidney plays a major role in maintaining body pH homeostasis. Renal pH, in particular, changes immediately following injuries such as intoxication and ischemia, making pH an early biomarker for kidney injury before the symptom onset and complementary to well-established laboratory tests. Because of this, it is imperative to develop minimally invasive renal pH imaging exams and test pH as a new diagnostic biomarker in animal models of kidney injury before clinical translation. Briefly, iodinated contrast agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for computed tomography (CT) have demonstrated promise as novel chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI agents for pH-sensitive imaging. The generalized ratiometric iopamidol CEST MRI analysis enables concentration-independent pH measurement, which simplifies in vivo renal pH mapping. This chapter describes quantitative CEST MRI analysis for preclinical renal pH mapping, and their application in rodents, including normal conditions and acute kidney injury.This publication is based upon work from the COST Action PARENCHIMA, a community-driven network funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, which aims to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers. This analysis protocol chapter is complemented by two separate chapters describing the basic concepts and experimental procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahnsung Kim
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yin Wu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Michael T McMahon
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Phillip Zhe Sun
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Romdhane F, Villano D, Irrera P, Consolino L, Longo DL. Evaluation of a similarity anisotropic diffusion denoising approach for improving in vivo CEST-MRI tumor pH imaging. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:3479-3496. [PMID: 33496986 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI provides new approaches for investigating tumor microenvironment, including tumor acidosis that plays a key role in tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Following iopamidol injection, the detection of the contrast agent inside the tumor tissue allows measurements of tumor extracellular pH. However, accurate tumor pH quantifications are hampered by the low contrast efficiency of the CEST technique and by the low SNR of the acquired CEST images, hence in a reduced detectability of the injected agent. This work aims to investigate a novel denoising method for improving both tumor pH quantification and accuracy of CEST-MRI pH imaging. METHODS An hybrid denoising approach was investigated for CEST-MRI pH imaging based on the combination of the nonlocal mean filter and the anisotropic diffusion tensor method. The denoising approach was tested in simulated and in vitro data and compared with previously reported methods for CEST imaging and with established denoising approaches. Finally, it was validated with in vivo data to improve the accuracy of tumor pH maps. RESULTS The proposed method outperforms current denoising methods in CEST contrast quantification and detection of the administered contrast agent at several increasing noise levels with simulated data. In addition, it achieved a better pH quantification in in vitro data and demonstrated a marked improvement in contrast detection and a substantial improvement in tumor pH accuracy in in vivo data. CONCLUSION The proposed approach effectively reduces the noise in CEST images and increases the sensitivity detection in CEST-MRI pH imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Romdhane
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Engineering School of Tunis, University al Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Irrera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Caserta, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Torino, Italy
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Anemone A, Consolino L, Conti L, Irrera P, Hsu MY, Villano D, Dastrù W, Porporato PE, Cavallo F, Longo DL. Tumour acidosis evaluated in vivo by MRI-CEST pH imaging reveals breast cancer metastatic potential. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:207-216. [PMID: 33257841 PMCID: PMC7782702 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour acidosis is considered to play a central role in promoting cancer invasion and migration, but few studies have investigated in vivo how tumour pH correlates with cancer invasion. This study aims to determine in vivo whether tumour acidity is associated with cancer metastatic potential. METHODS Breast cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials have been characterised for several markers of aggressiveness and invasiveness. Murine tumour models have been developed and assessed for lung metastases and tumour acidosis has been assessed in vivo by a magnetic resonance imaging-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) pH imaging approach. RESULTS The higher metastatic potential of 4T1 and TS/A primary tumours, in comparison to the less aggressive TUBO and BALB-neuT ones, was confirmed by the highest expression of cancer cell stem markers (CD44+CD24-), highlighting their propensity to migrate and invade, coinciding with the measurement obtained by in vitro assays. MRI-CEST pH imaging successfully discriminated the more aggressive 4T1 and TS/A tumours that displayed a more acidic pH. Moreover, the observed higher tumour acidity was significantly correlated with an increased number of lung metastases. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that the extracellular acidification is associated with the metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annasofia Anemone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Irrera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Abramo Lincoln, 5, Caserta, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Daisy Villano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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Villano D, Romdhane F, Irrera P, Consolino L, Anemone A, Zaiss M, Dastrù W, Longo DL. A fast multislice sequence for 3D MRI-CEST pH imaging. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1335-1349. [PMID: 33031591 PMCID: PMC7756816 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI can provide accurate pH images, but the slow scan time (due to long saturation periods and multiple offsets sampling) reduce both the volume coverage and spatial resolution capability, hence the possibility to interrogate the heterogeneity in tumors and organs. To overcome these limitations, we propose a fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence with high pH accuracy and spatial resolution. Methods The sequence first uses a long saturation pulse to induce the steady‐state CEST contrast and a second short saturation pulse repeated after each image acquisition to compensate for signal losses based on an uneven irradiation scheme combined with a single‐shot rapid acquisition with refocusing echoes readout. Sequence sensitivity and accuracy in measuring pH was optimized by simulation and assessed by in vitro studies in pH‐varying phantoms. In vivo validation was performed in two applications by acquiring multislice pH images covering the whole tumors and kidneys after iopamidol injection. Results Simulated and in vivo data showed comparable contrast efficiency and pH responsiveness by reducing saturation time. The experimental data from a homogeneous, pH‐varying, iopamidol‐containing phantom show that the sequence produced a uniform CEST contrast across slices and accurate values across slices in less than 10 minutes. In vivo measurements allowed us to quantify the 3D pH gradients of tumors and kidneys, with pH ranges comparable with the literature. Conclusion The proposed fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence allows volumetric acquisitions with good pH sensitivity, accuracy, and spatial resolution for several in vivo pH imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Feriel Romdhane
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT), University al Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Pietro Irrera
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Italian National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Research Council, Torino, Italy
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Billich N, Bray P, Truby H, Evans M, Sowerby B, de Valle K, Carroll K, Villano D, Ryan M, Davidson Z. DMD & BMD – CLINICAL. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fernandez-Panchon MS, Villano D, Troncoso AM, Garcia-Parrilla MC. Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds: FromIn VitroResults toIn VivoEvidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2008; 48:649-71. [DOI: 10.1080/10408390701761845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Shikowitz MJ, Levy J, Villano D, Graver LM, Pochaczevsky R. Speech and swallowing rehabilitation following devastating caustic ingestion: techniques and indicators for success. Laryngoscope 1996; 106:1-12. [PMID: 8569409 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-199602001-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Caustic material ingestion, either accidental or intentional, may result in tissue and organ destruction leading to a wide range of complications, including loss of speech and the ability to eat. The esophagus can be reconstructed successfully, but reopening the larynx and upper airway poses a significant therapeutic dilemma. External reconstruction may put the neoesophagus at risk. Loss of the normal swallowing mechanism and the protective supraglottic structures often results in fatal aspiration. The authors present three cases of successful endoscopic laser recannulation of the larynx with esophageal replacement. The discussion includes surgical technique and the tools used to determine the success of the reconstruction, including computed tomographic scanning, modified barium swallow, placement of an upper esophageal anastomosis, psychologic support, and speech and swallowing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Shikowitz
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA
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Villano D. [Progesterone treatment of the obstructive chronic bronchopneumopathy syndrome]. Bronchopneumologie 1978; 28:328-33. [PMID: 756800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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