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Stadler D, Kowacs PA, Ferreti LA, Hussein MA, Santos PSF, Piovesan EJ. Terapia manual para o controle da dor cervical em pacientes com migrânea crônica. HM 2021. [DOI: 10.48208/headachemed.2021.supplement.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdução
Migrânea tem alta prevalência, incapacitante, periódica e acomete várias gerações em uma mesma família. Além das dores de cabeça, são prevalentes dores no pescoço e os pontos-gatilho associados.
Objetivo
Tratar os indivíduos com migrânea crônica e cervicalgia, através da técnica de liberação miofascial Fascial Manipulation (FM). Verificar a possibilidade em diminuir a frequência, duração e intensidade de dores de cabeça após a realização da terapia manual e a quantidade de consumo de analgésico após o tratamento.
Método
Estudo natural em ensaio clínico experimental, analítico - projeto piloto (n-36) em abordagem terapêutica no tratamento intervencionista da (FM) em voluntários. Randomizado, com três grupos (grupo tratamento com a técnica mais medicação preventiva, grupo massagem placebo mais medicação preventiva e grupo controle somente medicação preventiva). Optou-se pela padronização dos medicamentos, o fármaco succinato de sumatriptana (50 mg) mais naproxeno sódico (500 mg) e o topiramato com dose de ascensão, única e diária de 25mg, elevando-se para 100mg em duas doses dia, ou maior dose tolerável. Longitudinal com avaliação independente e reavaliações com algometria. A inclusão é através do diagnóstico dado pelo neurologista, que selecionam voluntários conforme a classificação internacional das cefaleias da IHS 2018. Os desfechos primários serão reduzir as dores de cabeça através da diminuição da percepção da intensidade, frequência e duração da dor pelo diário de cefaleia, ficha (VAS) e ficha de controle de fármacos. Redução das dores cervicais miofasciais, pelo questionário Brasil-nbq e algometria de músculos e nervos por algômetro digital sueco Somedic Sales AB. Melhora na qualidade de vida pelo questionário Whoqol-bref, melhora do impacto na incapacidade pela migrânea pelo questionário MIDAS. Melhora do apertamento dentário (noturno e diurno) por inventário. Melhora das amplitudes de movimentos das articulações altas da coluna cervical pela avaliação de fleximetria (flexion rotation test).
Resultados e Conclusões
Estudo em andamento até o momento.
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Calco G, Egan M, Disher N, Stadler D, Demunter J. Addressing Food Insecurity Among Graduate-Level Health Professional Students. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kalinich C, Rdesinski R, Lin A, Gillon S, Stadler D. Assessing Student Food Security Status at Oregon Health & Science University During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nahrstedt V, Stadler D, Fischer T, Duchoň T, Mueller DN, Schneider CM, Mathur S. Molecular Level Synthesis of InFeO 3 and InFeO 3/Fe 2O 3 Nanocomposites. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3719-3728. [PMID: 33621076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New heterometallic In-Fe alkoxides [InFe(OtBu)4(PyTFP)2] (1), [InFe2(OneoPen)9(Py)] (2), and [InFe3(OneoPen)12] (3) were synthesized and structurally characterized. The arrangement of metal centers in mixed-metal framework was governed by the In:Fe ratio and the coordination preferences of Fe(III) and In(III) centers to be in tetrahedral and octahedral environments, respectively. 3 displayed a star-shaped so-called "Mitsubishi" motif with the central In atom coordinated with three tetrahedral {Fe(OneoPen)4}- anionic units. The deterministic structural influence of the larger In atom was evident in 1 and 2 which displayed the coordination of neutral coligands to achieve the desired coordination number. Thermal decomposition studies of compounds 1-3 under inert conditions with subsequent powder diffraction studies revealed the formation of Fe2O3 and In2O3 in the case of 3 and 2, whereas 1 intriguingly produced elemental In and Fe. In contrary, the thermal decomposition of 1-3 under ambient conditions produced a ternary oxide, InFeO3, with additional Fe2O3 present as a secondary phase in a different stoichiometric ratio predetermined through the In:Fe ratio in 2 and 3. The intimate mixing of different phases in InFeO3/Fe2O3 nanocomposites was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy of solid residues obtained after the decomposition of 1 and 2. The pure InFeO3 particles demonstrated ferromagnetic anomalies around 170 K as determined by temperature-dependent field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization experiments. A first-order magnetic transition with an increase in the ZFC measurements was explained by temperature-induced reduction of the Fe-Fe distance and the corresponding increase in superexchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Nahrstedt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Stadler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tomáš Duchoň
- PGI-6, Research Centre, Juelich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Str., 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - David N Mueller
- PGI-6, Research Centre, Juelich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Str., 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- PGI-6, Research Centre, Juelich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Str., 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Raauf A, Leduc J, Frank M, Stadler D, Graf D, Wilhelm M, Grosch M, Mathur S. Magnetic Field-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of UO2 Thin Films. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1915-1921. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Raauf
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer Leduc
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Stadler
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - David Graf
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Grosch
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Cummings J, McGuire J, Larimer S, Stadler D. Building a Ship While Sailing: Transition to a Virtual Dietetic Internship in Response to COVID-19. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [PMCID: PMC7503119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chapman MJ, Surikow S, Stadler D, Rose J, Henthorn R, Aldridge E, Zeitz CJ. P909 Diagnostic evaluation of rheumatic heart disease in aborigonal population. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Among Indigenous Australians, rates of Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) continue to be among the highest in the world. Diagnosis remains a clinical decision based on identification of major and minor manifestations of the illness. Treatment involves lengthy prophylaxis and should continue for a minimum of 10 years.
ARF can cause permanent damage to the heart known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD).
We therefore utilised echocardiography as a diagnostic tool incorporating Tissue Quantification Backscatter expressed in decibels (dB) and global LV work efficiency estimated from left ventricle (LV) pressure-strain loops to identify rheumatic changes of the Mitral Valve and help improve early diagnosis of RHD.
Method
Data from patients with suspected RHD (n = 14), and age matched controls (n = 10) underwent Mitral Valve Backscatter Analysis (MVBS). MVBS was expressed as a ratio % (MVBS ratio %) by dividing the average MVBS and the average blood pool value expressed in decibels (dB). Furthermore LV function was utilised via 2D longitudinal strain and indices of myocardial work were derived.
Result
MVBS ratio % was significantly higher in the control group as compared to the RHD group (p = 0.001) (fig1). Of the RHD group echocardiography parameters showed there were no significant mitral valve stenosis or regurgitation. Correlates of LV function included: Global work Index (GWI), Global longitudinal Strain (GLS) and Global work efficiency (GWE). Of the above correlates the control group showed Backscatter vs GLS (r= -0.89, p = 0.001), the RHD group: Backscatter vs GLS (r = 0.52. p = 0.12). Within the RHD group the ratio vs GWE (r= 0.57, p = 0.09) these results showed a trend to significance.
Conclusions
Currently diagnosis of RHD remains a clinical decision based on the identification of major and minor manifestations. In addition treatment involves prophylaxis injections for a minimum of ten years. Of this group there were no significant echocardiography changes, rather clinical manifestation to derive RHD.
This study shows that calibrated MVBS ratio % and determinants of myocardial work may be a promising quantitative tool to detect early manifestation of RHD potentially aiding an early treatment plan and thus reducing the clinical burden of monthly penicillin injections for a ten year period.
Abstract P909 Figure. RHD and Myocardial correlates
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chapman
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - S Surikow
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - D Stadler
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - J Rose
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - R Henthorn
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - E Aldridge
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
| | - C J Zeitz
- The Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, Australia
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Stadler D. REDUCING AVOIDABLE FACILITY TRANSFERS: THE RAFT MODEL. Innov Aging 2019. [PMCID: PMC6846604 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.2829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing Avoidable Facility Transfers (RAFT) is a Dartmouth-developed program that identifies and honors “what matters most” to patients residing in skilled nursing facilities in a value-based, sustainable way. RAFT aims to reduce avoidable facility transfers of older adults from long-term care and post-acute care facilities to emergency departments (ED). Key components of RAFT presently include (1) systematically eliciting goals of care for all skilled nursing facility residents, (2) translating these goals into orders using the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment form, (3) documenting patient wishes about hospitalization, and (4) ensuring that these wishes inform decision-making during acute crises. Data from a pilot program, begun in 2016 with three rural skilled nursing facilities in collaboration with the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center geriatric practice, showed a 35% reduction in monthly ED transfers, a 30.5% reduction in monthly hospitalizations, and a 50.7% reduction in monthly ED and hospitalization-related charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
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Stadler D, Brede T, Schwarzbach D, Maccari F, Fischer T, Gutfleisch O, Volkert CA, Mathur S. Anisotropy control in magnetic nanostructures through field-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Nanoscale Adv 2019; 1:4290-4295. [PMID: 36134397 PMCID: PMC9419749 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) in an external magnetic field (B = 1.00 T) was found to significantly affect the microstructure and anisotropy of as-deposited iron crystallites that could be transformed into anisotropic hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanorods by aerobic oxidation. The deterministic influence of external magnetic fields on CVD deposits was found to be substrate-independent as demonstrated by the growth of anisotropic α-Fe columns on FTO (F:SnO2) and Si (100), whereas the films deposited in the absence of the magnetic field were constituted by isotropic grains. TEM images revealed gradual increase in average crystallite size in correlation to the increasing field strength and orientation, which indicates the potential of magnetic field-assisted chemical vapor deposition (mfCVD) in controlling the texture of the CVD grown thin films. Given the facet-dependent activity of hematite in forming surface-oxygenated intermediates, exposure of crystalline facets and planes with high atomic density and electron mobilities is crucial for oxygen evolution reactions. The field-induced anisotropy in iron nanocolumns acting as templates for growing textured hematite pillars resulted in two-fold higher photoelectrochemical efficiency for hematite films grown under external magnetic fields (J = 0.050 mA cm-2), when compared to films grown in zero field (J = 0.027 mA cm-2). The dark current measurements indicated faster surface kinetics as the origin of the increased catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstr. 6 D-50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Thomas Brede
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Goettingen Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 D-37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Danny Schwarzbach
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Goettingen Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 D-37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Fernando Maccari
- Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstr. 6 D-50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Oliver Gutfleisch
- Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Cynthia A Volkert
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Goettingen Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 D-37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne Greinstr. 6 D-50939 Cologne Germany
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Stadler D, Mueller DN, Brede T, Duchoň T, Fischer T, Sarkar A, Giesen M, Schneider CM, Volkert CA, Mathur S. Magnetic Field-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of Iron Oxide Thin Films: Influence of Field-Matter Interactions on Phase Composition and Morphology. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:6253-6259. [PMID: 31500420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic field-assisted CVD offers a direct pathway to manipulate the evolution of microstructure, phase composition, and magnetic properties of the as-prepared film. We report on the role of applied magnetic fields (0.5 T) during a cold-wall CVD deposition of iron oxide from [FeIII(OtBu)3]2 leading to higher crystallinity, larger particulates, and better out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy, if compared with zero-field depositions. Whereas selective formation of homogeneous magnetite films was observed for the field-assisted process, coexistence of hematite and amorphous iron(III) oxide was confirmed under zero-field conditions. Comparison of the coercive field (11 vs 60 mT) indicated lower defect concentration for the field-assisted process with nearly superparamagnetic behavior. X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) in absorption mode at the O-K and Fe-L3,2 edges confirmed the selective formation of magnetite (field-assisted) and hematite (zero-field) with coexisting amorphous phases, respectively, emphasizing the importance of field-matter interactions in the phase-selective synthesis of magnetic thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6 , D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - David N Mueller
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) , D-52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Thomas Brede
- Institute of Materials Physics , Georg-August-University Goettingen , Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 , D-37077 Goettingen , Germany
| | - Tomáš Duchoň
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) , D-52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6 , D-50939 Cologne , Germany
| | - Anirban Sarkar
- Center for Neutron Science (JCNS-2) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-4), JARA-FIT , Forschungszentrum Jülich , D-52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Margret Giesen
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) , D-52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) , D-52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Cynthia A Volkert
- Institute of Materials Physics , Georg-August-University Goettingen , Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 , D-37077 Goettingen , Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Cologne , Greinstrasse 6 , D-50939 Cologne , Germany
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Cummings J, Wilson H, Stadler D. Nutrition Risk Screening Tool for Lao PDR: Identifying malnutrition in a low-resource setting. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hayes C, Rasprasith S, Cummings J, Stadler D, McGuire J. Comparison of Anthropometric Indicators of Nutritional Status Between Hospitalized Lao Adults With and Without Malnutrition. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Frank M, Jürgensen L, Leduc J, Stadler D, Graf D, Gessner I, Zajusch F, Fischer T, Rose MA, Mueller DN, Mathur S. Volatile Rhenium(I) Compounds with Re–N Bonds and Their Conversion into Oriented Rhenium Nitride Films by Magnetic Field-Assisted Vapor Phase Deposition. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10408-10416. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lasse Jürgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer Leduc
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Stadler
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - David Graf
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabel Gessner
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Zajusch
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc-André Rose
- Institute for Electronic Materials (IWE2), RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 18/24, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David N. Mueller
- Peter Gruenberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Trahair LG, Rajendran S, Visvanathan R, Chapman M, Stadler D, Horowitz M, Jones KL. Comparative effects of glucose and water drinks on blood pressure and cardiac function in older subjects with and without postprandial hypotension. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/13/e13341. [PMID: 28684639 PMCID: PMC5506527 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postprandial hypotension (PPH) occurs frequently and is thought to reflect an inadequate increase in cardiac output to compensate for the rise in splanchnic blood flow after a meal. Gastric distension by water attenuates the postprandial fall in blood pressure (BP). Cardiac hemodynamics (stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and global longitudinal strain (GLS)) have hitherto not been measured in PPH We sought to determine the comparative effects of water and glucose drinks on cardiac hemodynamics in healthy older subjects and individuals with PPH Eight healthy older subjects (age 71.0 ± 1.7 years) and eight subjects with PPH (age 75.5 ± 1.0 years) consumed a 300 mL drink of either water or 75 g glucose (including 150 mg 13C-acetate) in randomized order. BP and heart rate (HR) were measured using an automatic device, SV, CO, and GLS by transthoracic echocardiography and gastric emptying by measurement of 13CO2 In both groups, glucose decreased systolic BP (P < 0.001) and increased HR, SV, and CO (P < 0.05 for all). The fall in systolic BP was greater (P < 0.05), and increase in HR less (P < 0.05), in the PPH group, with no difference in SV or CO Water increased systolic BP (P < 0.05) in subjects with PPH and, in both groups, decreased HR (P < 0.05) without affecting SV, CO, or GLS In subjects with PPH, the hypotensive response to glucose and the pressor response to water were related (R = -0.75, P < 0.05). These observations indicate that, in PPH, the hypotensive response to oral glucose is associated with inadequate compensatory increases in CO and HR, whereas the pressor response to water ingestion is maintained and, possibly, exaggerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence G Trahair
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharmalar Rajendran
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Cardiology Unit, Lyell McEwin Hospital Northern Local Health Network, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia
| | - Renuka Visvanathan
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Aged and Extended Care Services, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (G-TRAC) Centre School of Medicine The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Chapman
- Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Stadler
- Cardiology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Horowitz
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Karen L Jones
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Riebold J, Wray C, Haskell P, Gillingham M, Stadler D. Impact of Ketogenic Diet Therapy on Carnitine Concentrations in Children with Intractable Epilepsy. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bockmann JH, Xia Y, Stadler D, Protzer U. Type III interferons induce cccDNA degradation similar to type I interferons in HBV-infected HepaRG cells. Z Gastroenterol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1397258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Komenda M, Stadler D, Malinas T, Moses M, Pragst I, Herzog E, Schmutz P, Minnig K, El Menyawi I. Assessment of the ability of the Privigen®purification process to deplete thrombogenic factor XIa from plasma. Vox Sang 2013; 107:26-36. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Komenda
- Research and Development; CSL Behring AG; Bern Switzerland
| | - D. Stadler
- Research and Development; CSL Behring AG; Bern Switzerland
| | - T. Malinas
- Research and Development; CSL Behring; Broadmeadows Vic. Australia
| | - M. Moses
- Preclinical Research and Development; CSL Behring GmbH; Marburg Germany
| | - I. Pragst
- Preclinical Research and Development; CSL Behring GmbH; Marburg Germany
| | - E. Herzog
- Preclinical Research and Development; CSL Behring GmbH; Marburg Germany
| | - P. Schmutz
- Quality Control; CSL Behring AG; Bern Switzerland
| | - K. Minnig
- Quality Control; CSL Behring AG; Bern Switzerland
| | - I. El Menyawi
- Research and Development; CSL Behring AG; Bern Switzerland
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McCarthy M, Cullen T, Lasarev M, Barry J, Stadler D. Body Mass Index and New Onset Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or Worsening of Pre-Existing DM in Adult Kidney Transplant Patients. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ratnavadivel R, Chau N, Stadler D, Yeo A, McEvoy RD, Catcheside PG. Marked Reduction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Slow Wave Sleep. J Clin Sleep Med 2009. [DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.27651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ratnavadivel
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nuy Chau
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel Stadler
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Aeneas Yeo
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - R. Doug McEvoy
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter G. Catcheside
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Ratnavadivel R, Chau N, Stadler D, Yeo A, McEvoy RD, Catcheside PG. Marked reduction in obstructive sleep apnea severity in slow wave sleep. J Clin Sleep Med 2009; 5:519-24. [PMID: 20465017 PMCID: PMC2792966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is widely accepted to improve during slow wave sleep (SWS) compared to lighter stages of NREM sleep. However, supporting data to establish the magnitude and prevalence of this effect is lacking. Consequently, we examined this phenomenon, controlling for posture, in a large group of patients investigated for OSA at an academic clinical sleep service. METHODS A detailed retrospective analysis was conducted on data obtained from each 30-sec epoch of sleep in 253 consecutive full-night diagnostic polysomnography studies performed over a 3-month period. Respiratory and arousal event rates were calculated within each stage of sleep, in the supine and lateral postures, and across the whole night, with OSA patients classified on the basis of an overall apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > or =15 events/h. Central sleep apnea (CSA) patients were defined by a central apnea index > 5/h. Sleep latency and time, and respiratory and arousal event rates in OSA, CSA, and non-OSA patients were compared between sleep stages and postures using linear mixed model analysis. The numbers of patients achieving reduced event rates in SWS and in the lateral posture were also examined. RESULTS There were 171 patients with OSA, 14 with CSA, and 68 non-OSA patients. OSA patients took significantly longer to achieve slow wave and REM sleep (p < 0.001) than non-OSA patients and had less stage 4 sleep (p = 0.037). There were striking improvements in AHI and arousal index (Al) from stage 1 to 4 NREM sleep (p <0.001), with intermediate levels in REM sleep. AHI and Al were also markedly reduced in lateral versus supine sleep in all sleep stages (p < 0.001), with an effect size comparable to that of the slow wave sleep effect. The majority of OSA patients achieved low respiratory event rates in SWS. Eighty-two percent of patients achieved an AHI <15 and 57% < 5 events/hour during stage 4 sleep. CONCLUSION Although OSA patients demonstrate both a delayed and reduced proportion of SWS compared to non-OSA subjects, once they achieved SWS, AHI, and Al markedly improved in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ratnavadivel
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
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21
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Ratnavadivel R, Stadler D, Windler S, Bradley J, Paul D, McEvoy RD, Catcheside PG. Upper airway function and arousability to ventilatory challenge in slow wave versus stage 2 sleep in obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 2009; 65:107-12. [PMID: 19850964 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2008.112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have reduced event rates during slow wave sleep (SWS) compared with stage 2 sleep. To explore this phenomenon, ventilatory and arousal timing responses to partial and complete airflow obstruction during SWS versus stage 2 sleep were examined. METHODS Ten patients, mean+/-SD apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) 49.7+/-16.5 events/h with reduced OSA frequency during SWS (SWS AHI 18.9+/-14.0 events/h) slept with an epiglottic pressure catheter and nasal mask/pneumotachograph. Patients underwent rapid continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) dialdowns to three subtherapeutic levels and brief airway occlusions in random order. RESULTS Post-dialdown, there were marked reductions in peak flow and minute ventilation, and progressive increases in inspiratory effort (p<0.001), but with limited ventilatory recovery and no differences between sleep stages. CPAP versus peak flow relationships on the third and second to last breath pre-arousal were not different between sleep stages. Arousals occurred later and post-dialdown arousal probability was lower during SWS compared with stage 2 sleep, Cox hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.65 (0.48 to 0.88), p=0.006. During SWS occlusions, time to arousal (mean+/-SEM) was prolonged (23.0+/-2.6 vs 17.1+/-1.7 s, p=0.02). Inspiratory effort developed more rapidly (-1.0+/-0.2 vs -0.6+/-0.1 cm H(2)O/s, p=0.019) and was more negative (-28.7+/-2.7 vs -20.3+/-1.6 cm H(2)O, p<0.001) on the breath preceding arousal. CONCLUSIONS Except for a heightened ventilatory drive response during airway occlusion, airway function and ventilatory compensation to ventilatory challenge appear to be similar, but with consistently and substantially delayed arousal responses, in SWS versus stage 2 sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ratnavadivel
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park, South Australia 5041, Australia
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22
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Stadler D, Bach T. Diastereoselective Domino Reactions of Chiral 2-Substituted 1-(2′,2′,3′,3′-Tetramethylcyclopropyl)-alkan-1-ols under Friedel−Crafts Conditions. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4747-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900445c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Stadler D, Goeppert A, Rasul G, Olah GA, Prakash GKS, Bach T. Chiral Benzylic Carbocations: Low-Temperature NMR Studies and Theoretical Calculations. J Org Chem 2008; 74:312-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo802296e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Alain Goeppert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Golam Rasul
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - George A. Olah
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - G. K. Surya Prakash
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany, and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
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Stadler D, Bach T. Concise Stereoselective Synthesis of (−)‐Podophyllotoxin by an Intermolecular Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Alkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7557-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stadler
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐289‐13315
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐289‐13315
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25
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Stadler D, Bach T. Highly Diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reactions via Chiral α-Functionalized Benzylic Carbocations. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:272-84. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Bach T, Stadler D, Mühlthau F, Rubenbauer P, Herdtweck E. Diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reactions Employing Chiral Cation Precursors with Polar α-Substituents. Synlett 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Mühlthau F, Stadler D, Goeppert A, Olah GA, Prakash GKS, Bach T. Chiral α-Branched Benzylic Carbocations: Diastereoselective Intermolecular Reactions with Arene Nucleophiles and NMR Spectroscopic Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:9668-75. [PMID: 16866519 DOI: 10.1021/ja062102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chiral benzylic alcohols 1-6 were prepared and subjected to S(N)1-type displacement reactions with various arene nucleophiles in acidic medium. Under optimized conditions (HBF(4).OEt(2), CH(2)Cl(2), -78 degrees C --> r.t.) the corresponding 1,1-diarylalkanes 11-18 and 20 were obtained in good chemical yields (48-99%). The facial diastereoselectivity of the reaction is high (d.r. = 91/9-97/3) when the substrate bears a stereogenic carbon center -CHtBuMe in the alpha-position to the electrophilic carbon atom. If the starting material was enantiomerically pure, no significant racemization was observed (94% ee --> 92% ee). The reactions proceed stereoconvergently as demonstrated by the conversion of the separated diastereoisomers syn-1a and anti-1a in separate reactions to the same product syn-11 (d.r. = 97/3). Further evidence for long-lived chiral benzylic carbocations as reaction intermediates was obtained from NMR studies in superacidic medium. The chiral cation 24 was generated in SO(2)ClF as the solvent at -70 degrees C employing SbF(5) as the Lewis acid and characterized by its (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra. NOE measurements suggest a preferred conformation in which the diastereotopic faces of the cation are differentiated by the two carbon substituents R and Me at the stereogenic carbon center in the alpha-position. The hypothesis is further supported by the observation that the diastereoselectivity of the substitution reaction decreases if the bulky tert-butyl (R = tBu) substituent in the substrate 1a is replaced by a smaller ethyl group (2a, R = Et).
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Mühlthau
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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28
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Abstract
Medical residents may be vulnerable to low vitamin D status because of long work hours and lack of sun exposure. We conducted a prospective cohort study to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among internal medicine residents, document seasonal variation in vitamin D status, and assess risk factors for inadequate vitamin D stores. Dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, lifestyle characteristics, and serum concentrations of 25(OH)-vitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured in 35 resident volunteers before and after the winter season. A total of 63-69% of medical residents consumed <400 IU/day of vitamin D; 61-67% consumed <1000 mg/day of calcium. Twenty-five (74%) had lower serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations and 23 (68%) had higher serum iPTH in the spring than in the fall. Nine (26%) residents had serum concentrations of 25(OH)-vitamin D of <20 ng/mL in the fall; and sixteen (47%) in the spring. Seven residents (20%) had serum concentrations of 25(OH)-vitamin D of <20 ng/mL at both time-periods; Eighteen residents (51.4%) had 25(OH)-vitamin D levels of <20 ng/mL for at least one of the time-periods. Medical residents are at risk for hypovitaminosis D, particularly during the winter months and should be aware of the need to supplement their vitamin D stores. Insufficient vitamin D status and inadequate vitamin D intake may have long-term implications for bone health in these individuals. Increased educational efforts to promote healthy dietary and lifestyle choices that allow attainment and maintenance of skeletal health are appropriate in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Haney
- Division of General Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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Moyer-Mileur L, Xie B, Ball S, Bainbridge C, Stadler D, Jee WS. Predictors of bone mass by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in early adolescent girls. J Clin Densitom 2001; 4:313-23. [PMID: 11748336 DOI: 10.1385/jcd:4:4:313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2001] [Revised: 03/13/2001] [Accepted: 04/10/2001] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) to evaluate the influences of age, body size, puberty, calcium intake, and physical activity on bone acquisition in healthy early adolescent girls. The pQCT technique provides analyses of volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (mg/cm(3)) for total as well as cortical and trabecular bone compartments and bone strength expressed as polar strength strain index (mm(2)). Bone mass of the nondominant distal and midshaft tibia by pQCT and lumbar spine and hip by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured in 84 girls ages 11-14 yr. Pubertal stage, menarche status, anthropometrics, and 3-d food intake and physical activity records were collected. Total and cortical bone mineral content and vBMD measurements by pQCT were significantly related to lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD measurements by DXA. We did not note any significant determinants or predictors for trabecular bone mass. Body weight was the most important predictor and determinant of total and cortical bone density and strength in healthy adolescent girls. Menarche, calcium intake, height, body mass index, and weight-bearing physical activity level age were also identified as minor but significant predictors and determinants of bone density and strength. Bone measurements by the pQCT technique provide information on bone acquisition, architecture, and strength during rapid periods of growth and development. Broader cross-sectional studies using the pQCT technique to evaluate the influence of age, gender, ethnicity, puberty, body size, and lifestyle factors on bone acquisition and strength are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Moyer-Mileur
- Center for Pediatric Nutrition Research, Room 2A100, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stadler
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7360, USA.
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Abstract
Sequence analysis of 34 mtr mutations has yielded the first molecular spectrum of spontaneous mutants in Neurospora crassa. The great majority of the mutations are base substitutions (48%) or deletions (35%). In addition, sequence analysis of the entire mtr region, including the 1472-base pair open reading frame and 1205 base pairs of flanking DNA, was performed in both the Oak Ridge and Mauriceville strains of Neurospora, which are known to be divergent at the DNA level. Sixteen sequence differences between these two strains have been found in the mtr region, with 13 of these in DNA flanking the open reading frame. The differences consisted of base substitutions and small frameshifts at monotonic runs. This set of sequence differences has allowed a comparison of mutations in unselected DNA to those mutations that produce a phenotypic signal. We have isolated a mutator strain (mut-1) of Neurospora in which the spontaneous mutation rate at various loci is as much as 80-fold higher than in the non-mutator (wild type). Twenty-one mtr mutations in the mutator background have been sequenced and compared to the non-mutator spectrum, revealing a striking increase in -1 frameshift mutations. These frameshifts occur exclusively within or adjacent to monotonic runs and can be explained by small slippage events during DNA replication. This argues for a role of the mut-1 gene in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dillon
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
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Abstract
We have isolated 135 strains of Neurospora which have mutations at the mtr locus resulting from independent spontaneous events. mtr is the structural gene for the neutral amino acid permease. The mutants have been characterized by their reversion behavior (both spontaneous and induced) and by hybridization studies of restriction digests of their DNA. About half of the mutants (54%) appear to result from single base-pair substitutions. Thirty-four percent have deletions, including some which extend into neighboring genes. Most of the remaining mutants have insertions. Several of the insertions are tandem duplications of 400-1000 bp and these mutants are unstable, reverting to mtr+ with a high frequency. When tandem-duplication mutants go through a cross, they are modified: the mutant progeny are fully stable. This modification is probably due to RIP (repeat-induced point mutation). This process has an important bearing on the comparison of germinal to somatic mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stadler
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gartler
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
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34
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Abstract
Chronic UV treatment produces severalfold fewer mutations in Neurospora conidia than does the same total dose of acute UV. Experiments were designed to determine the conditions required for chronic UV mutagenesis. Measurement of the coincidence frequency for two independent mutations revealed the existence of a subset of cells which are mutable by chronic UV. Analysis of forward mutation at the mtr locus showed that the genetic alterations produced by chronic UV were virtually all point mutants, even though the assay system could detect alterations or deletions extending into neighboring genes. A significant fraction of the mutants produced by acute UV were multigenic deletions. The size of the dose-rate effect (acute UV mutation frequency divided by chronic UV mutation frequency) was compared for several different mutation assay systems. Forward mutations (recessive lethals and mtr) gave values ranging from four to nine. For events which were restricted to specific molecular sites (specific reversions and nonsense suppressor mutations), there was a wider range of dose-rate ratios. This suggests that chronic UV mutation may be restricted to certain molecular sequences or configurations.
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Abstract
Germinated conidia of Neurospora have been monitored for their ability to excise pyrimidine dimers. Dimer concentration was measured in DNA extracted immediately after UV treatment, and it was compared to that of DNA from cells which had a post-UV incubation before extraction. Two methods were used to assay dimer level in DNA: measurement of the number of single-strand breaks (as revealed in alkaline sucrose gradients) produced by a dimer-specific endonuclease; monitoring the ability to compete for binding to dimer-specific antibodies in a radioimmunoassay. Both methods showed efficient excision of dimers by wild-type and by uvs-2, even though an earlier study had reported that uvs-2 was unable to excise dimers. UV-induced mutation shows a dose-rate effect: acute UV yields several times as many mutations as does the same dose of chronic UV. There is a parallel effect on dimer accumulation. The concentration of dimers at the conclusion of the UV treatment shows a strong correlation with the resultant mutation frequency.
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Stadler D. [What has become of them? The careers of the physically handicapped--a model study]. Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 1984; 23:120-3. [PMID: 6237403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The study deals with the vocational careers of 102 cerebral palsied young people who had ceased to attend the educational and therapeutic programmes provided by the Nuremberg "Day Centre for Physically Disabled Children", following varying periods of service utilization between 1973 and 1978. Of the study group total, 19 are mildly disabled, 40 moderately, and 43 severely disabled. Of 23 persons who were fully integrated vocationally at the time of study, 19 (i.e. 84 percent) are moderately to severely disabled. Tabular information included shows that achievement of full occupational integration is determined less by disability severity than by intellectual potential. It also becomes clear that earliest possible transition from special schooling to mainstream education will be of advantage to the vocational opportunities available to the individual.
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Abstract
A simple system for screening a large number of genes for recessive lethal mutations has been used to study dose-rate effects on UV-induced mutation. Acute UV produced 4 times as many mutations as did the same dose given at chronic rate. Chronic UV at 0 degree gave as many mutations as acute UV; this indicates that the prevention of mutation during chronic treatment at 22 degrees results from metabolic repair activities. In a strain which lacked excision repair, acute UV produced twice as many mutations as chronic; this suggests that the dose-rate effect seen in repair-proficient Neurospora results from the action of the excision-repair system as well as from some other repair system.
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Abstract
Repair of genetic damage in Neurospora has been studied using a procedure in which one strain is exposed to a potentially lethal dose of UV before being joined in a heterokaryon with an undamaged strain. We have monitored the ability of the second strain to rescue the first. The extent of rescue is greatly enhanced when the rescuing strain has itself received a small, nonlethal dose of UV, thus demonstrating an inducible repair system.--The experiment was modified by substituting X rays or nitrous acid for UV as either the damaging agent or the inducing agent. In every combination, induced rescue was observed.--Three repair-deficient mutants (uvs-2, uvs-3 and uvs-6) were substituted for wild type (uvs+) as the rescuing component to find out whether any of them lacked the inducible repair system. Both uvs-2 and uvs-6 demonstrated inducible repair; uvs-3 showed none, but gave a high level of repair without induction, suggesting that it is a regulation (derepressed) mutant of an inducible repair system.
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Kuchen JD, Stadler D. [Studies on the resistance to bacteria at the university department for gynaecology in Bern, Switzerland (author's transl)]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 1980; 40:423-31. [PMID: 6997133 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity studies of 706 cases from January 1, 1973 to December 31, 1977, at the University department of Gynaecology in Bern, Switzerland, were reviewed. The sensitivity studies were classified as to type of bacteria, site of infection and source of infection (hospital acquired or non-hospital acquired). The sensitivity of the bacteria to several antibacterial drugs was tested. E-coli was the leading cause of infection in 46.9% of the cases. The most frequent site of infection for both hospital acquired and non-hospital acquired infection was the urine. The number of hospital acquired infections was twice as high as the number of infections acquired outside of the hospital. No significant change in the sensitivity during the time of review was noted.
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40
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Abstract
The relative frequencies of heterokaryons and the two kinds of homokaryons have been scored among colonies from conidia harvested from a heterokaryon and treated with UV, in order to determine which kinds of lethal mutations were induced. Recessive lethal mutations were scored directly. The pattern of surviving types indicated that recessive lethals and mitotic lethals (events destroying whole nuclei) occurred with similar frequencies. But the absolute frequency of these mutations was not sufficient to account for the observed kill, suggesting that dominant lethals and/or cytoplasmic lethals were also induced at a similar rate.
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41
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Abstract
A temperature-sensitive mutant has been shown to be blocked at a specific point in the nuclear division cycle: just before the initiation of DNA synthesis at the time when the spindle pole bodies have duplicated but not separated. The metabolic activities of conidia of this mutant strain at the nonpermissive temperature have led us to conclude that the nuclei in a population of dormant conidia are arrested at various points in the nuclear division cycle. This conclusion is substantiated by the activities of conidia in the presence of the inhibitory drugs cycloheximide and hydroxyurea. In each inhibitory situation we observed that some, but not all, of the conidia were able to accomplish DNA synthesis and/or nuclear division.
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Abstract
Recombination frequencies have been determined in crosses involving 28 mutant strains for 20 of which the site of the alteration is known from studies of amino-acid substitutions in the protein products. Three of these mutants showed especially high frequencies of recombination when crossed to other single mutants or when crossed to a strain carrying two alterations at opposite ends of the trpA gene. There is no obvious molecular explanation of the high recombination of these three mutants. They include one missense mutant, one amber and one ochre. The low-frequency recombination mutants include all these same classes as well as frameshift mutants. There is nothing unique about the intragenic location of the high-recombination mutants; in each case there is at least one low-recombination mutant in the same codon.-Crosses involving mutants which were isolated in an altered wild type have shown that the behavior of a high-recombination mutant does not result from its molecular configuration alone, but from its combination with the homologous wild-type sequence from the other parent.-Several lines of evidence indicate that recombination in this system frequently involves closely-spaced double exchanges (about 40 codons apart).
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Regitz M, Stadler D, Schwall H, Liedhegener A, Geelhaar HJ, Menz F, Hocker J, Rüter J, Anschütz W. Neuere Methoden der präparativen organischen Chemie VI. Diazogruppen-Übertragung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1967. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19670791707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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