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Lipscomb B, Seymour N, Lewis J, LeBert DC. An Affordable and Easy-to-Construct Zebrafish Housing System for Stable Long-Term Laboratory Research. Zebrafish 2023; 20:260-270. [PMID: 38011514 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish have become a go-to model organism for in vivo studies, in part because of their reputation as being inexpensive to rear and house. Multiple do-it-yourself designs are currently available that provide laboratories with cost-effective housing systems. Unfortunately, these designs suffer from a range of issues ranging from poor water cycling rates and fragile housing tanks to inconsistent water conditions and designs that are prohibitively expensive for smaller laboratories to construct and maintain. These issues cause many of these housing systems to fall far short of the quality of commercially available zebrafish housing facilities. In this article, we present a novel, affordable, and easy-to-construct zebrafish housing system that improves upon previously published systems. The system utilizes three-dimensional printing technology to construct adaptable zebrafish tanks allowing for the housing of zebrafish at any stage of development. In addition, the water recirculation system utilizes multiple layers of filtration and no chemical adhesives, which allows for stable, long-term, housing of zebrafish in conditions suitable for research and teaching laboratories. The build described herein has been used by our laboratory to house zebrafish for over 3 years, representing multiple generations of housed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lipscomb
- Department of Biology, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicholas Seymour
- Department of Biology, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia, USA
| | - Jada Lewis
- Department of Biology, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia, USA
| | - Danny C LeBert
- Department of Biology, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, Michigan, USA
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Huemer K, Squirrell JM, Swader R, Pelkey K, LeBert DC, Huttenlocher A, Eliceiri KW. Long-term Live Imaging Device for Improved Experimental Manipulation of Zebrafish Larvae. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29155730 DOI: 10.3791/56340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish larva is an important model organism for both developmental biology and wound healing. Further, the zebrafish larva is a valuable system for live high-resolution microscopic imaging of dynamic biological phenomena in space and time with cellular resolution. However, the traditional method of agarose encapsulation for live imaging can impede larval development and tissue regrowth. Therefore, this manuscript describes the zWEDGI (zebrafish Wounding and Entrapment Device for Growth and Imaging), which was designed and fabricated as a functionally compartmentalized device to orient larvae for high-resolution microscopy while permitting caudal fin transection within the device and subsequent unrestrained tail development and re-growth. This device allows for wounding and long-term imaging while maintaining viability. Given that the zWEDGI mold is 3D printed, the customizability of its geometries make it easily modified for diverse zebrafish imaging applications. Furthermore, the zWEDGI offers numerous benefits, such as access to the larva during experimentation for wounding or for the application of reagents, paralleled orientation of multiple larvae for streamlined imaging, and reusability of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Huemer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Jayne M Squirrell
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Robert Swader
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Kirsten Pelkey
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Danny C LeBert
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison;
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Huemer K, Squirrell JM, Swader R, LeBert DC, Huttenlocher A, Eliceiri KW. zWEDGI: Wounding and Entrapment Device for Imaging Live Zebrafish Larvae. Zebrafish 2016; 14:42-50. [PMID: 27676647 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish, an established model organism in developmental biology, is also a valuable tool for imaging wound healing in space and time with cellular resolution. However, long-term imaging of wound healing poses technical challenges as wound healing occurs over multiple temporal scales. The traditional strategy of larval encapsulation in agarose successfully limits sample movement but impedes larval development and tissue regrowth and is therefore not amenable to long-term imaging of wound healing. To overcome this challenge, we engineered a functionally compartmentalized device, the zebrafish Wounding and Entrapment Device for Growth and Imaging (zWEDGI), to orient larvae for high-resolution microscopy, including confocal and second harmonic generation (SHG), while allowing unrestrained tail development and regrowth. In this device, larval viability was maintained and tail regrowth was improved over embedding in agarose. The quality of tail fiber SHG images collected from larvae in the device was similar to fixed samples but provided the benefit of time lapse data collection. Furthermore, we show that this device was amenable to long-term (>24 h) confocal microscopy of the caudal fin. Finally, the zWEDGI was designed and fabricated using readily available techniques so that it can be easily modified for diverse experimental imaging protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Huemer
- 1 Morgridge Institute for Research , Madison, Wisconsin.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,3 Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jayne M Squirrell
- 3 Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert Swader
- 1 Morgridge Institute for Research , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Danny C LeBert
- 4 Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- 5 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology.,6 Department of Pediatrics, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- 1 Morgridge Institute for Research , Madison, Wisconsin.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin.,3 Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, UW-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
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LeBert DC, Squirrell JM, Rindy J, Broadbridge E, Lui Y, Zakrzewska A, Eliceiri KW, Meijer AH, Huttenlocher A. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 modulates collagen matrices and wound repair. J Cell Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.175810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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LeBert DC, Squirrell JM, Rindy J, Broadbridge E, Lui Y, Zakrzewska A, Eliceiri KW, Meijer AH, Huttenlocher A. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 modulates collagen matrices and wound repair. Development 2015; 142:2136-46. [PMID: 26015541 DOI: 10.1242/dev.121160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic injuries are characterized by leukocyte infiltration into tissues. Although matrix metalloproteinase 9 (Mmp9) has been implicated in both conditions, its role in wound repair remains unclear. We previously reported a zebrafish chronic inflammation mutant caused by an insertion in the hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor gene 1 (hai1; also known as spint1) that is characterized by epithelial extrusions and neutrophil infiltration into the fin. Here, we performed a microarray analysis and found increased inflammatory gene expression in the mutant larvae, including a marked increase in mmp9 expression. Depletion of mmp9 partially rescued the chronic inflammation and epithelial phenotypes, in addition to restoring collagen fiber organization, as detected by second-harmonic generation imaging. Additionally, we found that acute wounding induces epithelial cell mmp9 expression and is associated with a thickening of collagen fibers. Interestingly, depletion of mmp9 impaired this collagen fiber reorganization. Moreover, mmp9 depletion impaired tissue regeneration after tail transection, implicating Mmp9 in acute wound repair. Thus, Mmp9 regulates both acute and chronic tissue damage and plays an essential role in collagen reorganization during wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny C LeBert
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jayne M Squirrell
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Julie Rindy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elizabeth Broadbridge
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yuming Lui
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anna Zakrzewska
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Annemarie H Meijer
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Abstract
Wound repair requires the integration of complex cellular networks to restore tissue homeostasis. Defects in wound repair are associated with human disease including pyoderma gangrenosum, a heterogeneous disorder that is characterized by unhealed wounds and chronic inflammation of unclear etiology. Despite its clinical importance, there remain significant gaps in understanding how different types of cells communicate to integrate inflammation and wound repair. Recent progress in wound and regenerative biology has been gained by studying genetically tractable model organisms, like zebrafish, that retain the ability to regenerate. The optical transparency and ease of genetic manipulation make zebrafish an ideal model system to dissect multi-cellular and tissue level interactions during wound repair. The focus of this review is on recent advances in understanding how inflammation and wound repair are orchestrated and integrated to achieve wound resolution and tissue regeneration using zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny C LeBert
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Yoo SK, Freisinger CM, LeBert DC, Huttenlocher A. Early redox, Src family kinase, and calcium signaling integrates wound responses and tissue regeneration in zebrafish. J Gen Physiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1085/jgp1405oia7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yoo SK, Freisinger CM, LeBert DC, Huttenlocher A. Early redox, Src family kinase, and calcium signaling integrate wound responses and tissue regeneration in zebrafish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 199:225-34. [PMID: 23045550 PMCID: PMC3471241 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201203154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Redox, SFK, and calcium signaling are immediate “wound signals” that integrate early wound responses and late epimorphic regeneration. Tissue injury can lead to scar formation or tissue regeneration. How regenerative animals sense initial tissue injury and transform wound signals into regenerative growth is an unresolved question. Previously, we found that the Src family kinase (SFK) Lyn functions as a redox sensor in leukocytes that detects H2O2 at wounds in zebrafish larvae. In this paper, using zebrafish larval tail fins as a model, we find that wounding rapidly activated SFK and calcium signaling in epithelia. The immediate SFK and calcium signaling in epithelia was important for late epimorphic regeneration of amputated fins. Wound-induced activation of SFKs in epithelia was dependent on injury-generated H2O2. A SFK member, Fynb, was responsible for fin regeneration. This work provides a new link between early wound responses and late regeneration and suggests that redox, SFK, and calcium signaling are immediate “wound signals” that integrate early wound responses and late epimorphic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Kan Yoo
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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