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Villamayor L, Rivero V, López-García D, Topham DJ, Martínez-Sobrido L, Nogales A, DeDiego ML. Interferon alpha inducible protein 6 is a negative regulator of innate immune responses by modulating RIG-I activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105309. [PMID: 36793726 PMCID: PMC9923010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and inflammatory cytokines mediate innate immune responses, and are essential to establish an antiviral response. Within the innate immune responses, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a key sensor of virus infections, mediating the transcriptional induction of IFNs and inflammatory proteins. Nevertheless, since excessive responses could be detrimental to the host, these responses need to be tightly regulated. In this work, we describe, for the first time, how knocking-down or knocking-out the expression of IFN alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) increases IFN, ISG, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression after the infections with Influenza A Virus (IAV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Sendai Virus (SeV), or poly(I:C) transfection. We also show how overexpression of IFI6 produces the opposite effect, in vitro and in vivo, indicating that IFI6 negatively modulates the induction of innate immune responses. Knocking-out or knocking-down the expression of IFI6 diminishes the production of infectious IAV and SARS-CoV-2, most likely because of its effect on antiviral responses. Importantly, we report a novel interaction of IFI6 with RIG-I, most likely mediated through binding to RNA, that affects RIG-I activation, providing a molecular mechanism for the effect of IFI6 on negatively regulating innate immunity. Remarkably, these new functions of IFI6 could be targeted to treat diseases associated with an exacerbated induction of innate immune responses and to combat viral infections, such as IAV and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villamayor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Rivero
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David J. Topham
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention and Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Center for Animal Health Research, CISA-INIA-CSIC, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta L. DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Marta L. DeDiego,
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Villamayor L, López-García D, Rivero V, Martínez-Sobrido L, Nogales A, DeDiego ML. The IFN-stimulated gene IFI27 counteracts innate immune responses after viral infections by interfering with RIG-I signaling. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1176177. [PMID: 37187533 PMCID: PMC10175689 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1176177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition of viral nucleic acids by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is critical for initiating innate immune responses against viral infections. These innate immune responses are mediated by the induction of interferons (IFNs), IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, regulatory mechanisms are critical to avoid excessive or long-lasting innate immune responses that may cause detrimental hyperinflammation. Here, we identified a novel regulatory function of the ISG, IFN alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27) in counteracting the innate immune responses triggered by cytoplasmic RNA recognition and binding. Our model systems included three unrelated viral infections caused by Influenza A virus (IAV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Sendai virus (SeV), and transfection with an analog of double-stranded (ds) RNA. Furthermore, we found that IFI27 has a positive effect on IAV and SARS-CoV-2 replication, most likely due to its ability to counteract host-induced antiviral responses, including in vivo. We also show that IFI27 interacts with nucleic acids and PRR retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), being the interaction of IFI27 with RIG-I most likely mediated through RNA binding. Interestingly, our results indicate that interaction of IFI27 with RIG-I impairs RIG-I activation, providing a molecular mechanism for the effect of IFI27 on modulating innate immune responses. Our study identifies a molecular mechanism that may explain the effect of IFI27 in counterbalancing innate immune responses to RNA viral infections and preventing excessive innate immune responses. Therefore, this study will have important implications in drug design to control viral infections and viral-induced pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villamayor
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Rivero
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aitor Nogales
- Center for Animal Health Research, CISA-INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta L. DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Marta L. DeDiego,
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Saiz ML, DeDiego ML, López-García D, Corte-Iglesias V, Baragaño-Raneros A, Astola I, Asensi V, López-Larrea C, Suarez-Alvarez B. Correction to: Epigenetic targeting of the ACE2 and NRP1 viral receptors limits SARS‑CoV‑2 infectivity. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:209. [PMID: 34809714 PMCID: PMC8608228 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01195-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Saiz
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta L DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Corte-Iglesias
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aroa Baragaño-Raneros
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ivan Astola
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Translational Microbiology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Victor Asensi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Translational Research in Infectious Diseases Group, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), OviedoOviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. .,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Suarez-Alvarez
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Saiz ML, DeDiego ML, López-García D, Corte-Iglesias V, Baragaño Raneros A, Astola I, Asensi V, López-Larrea C, Suarez-Alvarez B. Epigenetic targeting of the ACE2 and NRP1 viral receptors limits SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:187. [PMID: 34635175 PMCID: PMC8504098 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and neuropilin-1 (NRP1) receptors for entry into cells, and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. Inhibition of protease activity or the engagement with ACE2 and NRP1 receptors has been shown to be an effective strategy for blocking infectivity and viral spreading. Valproic acid (VPA; 2-propylpentanoic acid) is an epigenetic drug approved for clinical use. It produces potent antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects through its function as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Here, we propose VPA as a potential candidate to tackle COVID-19, in which rapid viral spread and replication, and hyperinflammation are crucial elements. RESULTS We used diverse cell lines (HK-2, Huh-7, HUVEC, Caco-2, and BEAS-2B) to analyze the effect of VPA and other HDAC inhibitors on the expression of the ACE-2 and NRP-1 receptors and their ability to inhibit infectivity, viral production, and the inflammatory response. Treatment with VPA significantly reduced expression of the ACE2 and NRP1 host proteins in all cell lines through a mechanism mediated by its HDAC inhibitory activity. The effect is maintained after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consequently, the treatment of cells with VPA before infection impairs production of SARS-CoV-2 infectious viruses, but not that of other ACE2- and NRP1-independent viruses (VSV and HCoV-229E). Moreover, the addition of VPA 1 h post-infection with SARS-CoV-2 reduces the production of infectious viruses in a dose-dependent manner without significantly modifying the genomic and subgenomic messenger RNAs (gRNA and sg mRNAs) or protein levels of N protein. The production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) induced by TNF-α and SARS-CoV-2 infection is diminished in the presence of VPA. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that VPA blocks three essential processes determining the severity of COVID-19. It downregulates the expression of ACE2 and NRP1, reducing the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2; it decreases viral yields, probably because it affects virus budding or virions stability; and it dampens the triggered inflammatory response. Thus, administering VPA could be considered a safe treatment for COVID-19 patients until vaccines have been rolled out across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Saiz
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta L DeDiego
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío López-García
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Corte-Iglesias
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aroa Baragaño Raneros
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ivan Astola
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Translational Microbiology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Victor Asensi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Translational Research in Infectious Diseases Group, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain. .,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Suarez-Alvarez
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Oliveira M, Baird R, Voorthuis R, De Boo L, van Rossum A, Garrigos Cubells L, Muñoz S, López-García D, Saura Manich C, Schrier M, Mandjes I, Sikorska K, Schot M, Kateb A, Mather C, Beelen K, Cortés J, Caldas C, Linn S. LBA18 POSEIDON randomized phase II trial: Tamoxifen (TAM) + taselisib or placebo (PLA) in patients (pts) with hormone receptor positive (HR+)/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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López-García D, González-Arranz M, García-Gimeno M, Rodríguez-Camarero S. Tratamiento endovascular de una fístula aortocava complicado con una endofuga tipo II. Angiología 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-3170(08)06008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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López-García D, del Castro-Madrazo J, Gutiérrez-Julián J, Cubillas-Martín H, Alonso-Gómez N, Santamarta-Fariña E, Carreño-Morrondo J, Llaneza-Coto J, Camblor-Santervás L, Menéndez-Herrero M, Rodríguez-Olay J. Influencia de la carótida contralateral en los resultados de la endarterectomía carotídea. Angiología 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-3170(06)74947-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vaquero-Lorenzo F, Llaneza-Coto J, Fleites-Gutiérrez A, López-García D, Cubillas-Martín H, Alonso-Pérez N, Santamarta-Fariña E, Ramos-Gallo M, Camblor-Santervás L, Menéndez-Herrero M, Carreño-Morrondo J, Rodríguez-Olay J, Gutiérrez-Julián J. Control de la infección-colonización por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en un Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Angiología 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-3170(04)74909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ramos-Gallo M, Vaquero-Lorenzo F, García-Fernández I, López-García D, Camblor-Santervás L, Menéndez-Herrero M, Carreño-Morrondo J, Llaneza-Coto J, Rodríguez-Olay J, Álvarez-Fernández L, Gutiérrez-Julián J. Búsqueda de neoplasia oculta asociada a trombosis venosa profunda idiopática. Angiología 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-3170(01)74714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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