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Liu Y, Ye L, Lin F, Gomaa Y, Flyer D, Carrion R, Patterson JL, Prausnitz MR, Smith G, Glenn G, Wu H, Compans RW, Yang C. Author Correction: Intradermal immunization by Ebola virus GP subunit vaccines using microneedle patches protects mice against lethal EBOV challenge. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13705. [PMID: 37608003 PMCID: PMC10444834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin, 130112, P. R. China
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ling Ye
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fang Lin
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Central Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital at the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'An, 710038, China
| | - Yasmine Gomaa
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, El-Khartoum Square, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - David Flyer
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Gregory Glenn
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin, 130112, P. R. China
| | - Richard W Compans
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chinglai Yang
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Fries L, Cho I, Krähling V, Fehling SK, Strecker T, Becker S, Hooper JW, Kwilas SA, Agrawal S, Wen J, Lewis M, Fix A, Thomas N, Flyer D, Smith G, Glenn G. Randomized, Blinded, Dose-Ranging Trial of an Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Nanoparticle Vaccine With Matrix-M Adjuvant in Healthy Adults. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:572-582. [PMID: 31603201 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemics pose a major public health risk. There currently is no licensed human vaccine against EBOV. The safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant EBOV glycoprotein (GP) nanoparticle vaccine formulated with or without Matrix-M adjuvant were evaluated to support vaccine development. METHODS A phase 1, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial was conducted in 230 healthy adults to evaluate 4 EBOV GP antigen doses as single- or 2-dose regimens with or without adjuvant. Safety and immunogenicity were assessed through 1-year postdosing. RESULTS All EBOV GP vaccine formulations were well tolerated. Receipt of 2 doses of EBOV GP with adjuvant showed a rapid increase in anti-EBOV GP immunoglobulin G titers with peak titers observed on Day 35 representing 498- to 754-fold increases from baseline; no evidence of an antigen dose response was observed. Serum EBOV-neutralizing and binding antibodies using wild-type Zaire EBOV (ZEBOV) or pseudovirion assays were 3- to 9-fold higher among recipients of 2-dose EBOV GP with adjuvant, compared with placebo on Day 35, which persisted through 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Ebola virus GP vaccine with Matrix-M adjuvant is well tolerated and elicits a robust and persistent immune response. These data suggest that further development of this candidate vaccine for prevention of EBOV disease is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iksung Cho
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Verena Krähling
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sarah K Fehling
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Strecker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jay W Hooper
- US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Ft. Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven A Kwilas
- US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Ft. Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Judy Wen
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Amy Fix
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Gale Smith
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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Welliver RC, Papin JF, Preno A, Ivanov V, Tian JH, Lu H, Guebre-Xabier M, Flyer D, Massare MJ, Glenn G, Ellingsworth L, Smith G. Maternal immunization with RSV fusion glycoprotein vaccine and substantial protection of neonatal baboons against respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary challenge. Vaccine 2019; 38:1258-1270. [PMID: 31761502 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory infection in infants and young children. There are no licensed vaccines despite the high worldwide disease burden. RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein vaccine is the most advanced candidate for maternal immunization. In this report, a baboon maternal immunization model was used to assess the immunogenicity and protection of infants against pulmonary challenge with human RSV/A. Vaccination in the third trimester produced high anti-RSV F IgG titers and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Infants born to immunized females had high levels of serum RSV antibodies that were comparable to maternal levels at birth and persisted for over 50 days with a half-life of 14-24 days. Furthermore, infants from immunized females and challenged with RSV/A were healthy, developed less severe disease, and had only mild pulmonary inflammatory changes whereas infants born to non-vaccinated females developed more severe disease with marked to moderate interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and bronchiolar obstruction. These results support the further development of the RSV F vaccine for maternal immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Welliver
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1100 North Lindsay Ave., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA.
| | - James F Papin
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, 1100 North Lindsay Ave., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA; Division of Comparative Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA.
| | - Alisha Preno
- Division of Comparative Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA.
| | - Vadim Ivanov
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1100 North Lindsay Ave., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA.
| | - Jing-Hui Tian
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
| | - Hanxin Lu
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
| | | | - David Flyer
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Greg Glenn
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
| | | | - Gale Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
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4
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Liu Y, Ye L, Lin F, Gomaa Y, Flyer D, Carrion R, Patterson JL, Prausnitz MR, Smith G, Glenn G, Wu H, Compans RW, Yang C. Intradermal Vaccination With Adjuvanted Ebola Virus Soluble Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine by Microneedle Patches Protects Mice Against Lethal Ebola Virus Challenge. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:S545-S552. [PMID: 29893888 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated immune responses induced by purified Ebola virus (EBOV) soluble glycoprotein (sGP) subunit vaccines via intradermal immunization with microneedle (MN) patches in comparison with intramuscular (IM) injection in mice. Our results showed that MN delivery of EBOV sGP was superior to IM injection in eliciting higher levels and longer lasting antibody responses against EBOV sGP and GP antigens. Moreover, sGP-specific immune responses induced by MN or IM immunizations were effectively augmented by formulating sGP with a saponin-based adjuvant, and they were shown to confer complete protection of mice against lethal mouse-adapted EBOV (MA-EBOV) challenge. In comparison, mice that received sGP without adjuvant by MN or IM immunizations succumbed to lethal MA-EBOV challenge. These results show that immunization with EBOV sGP subunit vaccines with adjuvant by MN patches, which have been shown to provide improved safety and thermal stability, is a promising approach to protect against EBOV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Changchun, Jilin, China.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ling Ye
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fang Lin
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Central Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital at the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'An, China
| | - Yasmine Gomaa
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
| | | | | | | | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
| | | | | | - Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Changchun, Jilin, China
| | | | - Chinglai Yang
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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5
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Xie Q, Wang Z, Ni F, Chen X, Ma J, Patel N, Lu H, Liu Y, Tian JH, Flyer D, Massare MJ, Ellingsworth L, Glenn G, Smith G, Wang Q. Structure basis of neutralization by a novel site II/IV antibody against respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210749. [PMID: 30730999 PMCID: PMC6366758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in newborns, young children, and the elderly for which there is no vaccine. The RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein is a major target for vaccine development. Here, we describe a novel monoclonal antibody (designated as R4.C6) that recognizes both pre-fusion and post-fusion RSV F, and binds with nanomole affinity to a unique neutralizing site comprised of antigenic sites II and IV on the globular head. A 3.9 Å-resolution structure of RSV F-R4.C6 Fab complex was obtained by single particle cryo-electron microscopy and 3D reconstruction. The structure unraveled detailed interactions of R4.C6 with antigenic site II on one protomer and site IV on a neighboring protomer of post-fusion RSV F protein. These findings significantly further our understanding of the antigenic complexity of the F protein and provide new insights into RSV vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xie
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhao Wang
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fengyun Ni
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jianpeng Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nita Patel
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hanxin Lu
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ye Liu
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jing-Hui Tian
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Flyer
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | - Gregory Glenn
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (QW)
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (QW)
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Liu Y, Ye L, Lin F, Gomaa Y, Flyer D, Carrion R, Patterson JL, Prausnitz MR, Smith G, Glenn G, Wu H, Compans RW, Yang C. Intradermal immunization by Ebola virus GP subunit vaccines using microneedle patches protects mice against lethal EBOV challenge. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11193. [PMID: 30046140 PMCID: PMC6060117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a safe and efficacious filovirus vaccine is of high importance to public health. In this study, we compared immune responses induced by Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) subunit vaccines via intradermal immunization with microneedle (MN) patches and the conventional intramuscular (IM) injection in mice, which showed that MN delivery of GP induced higher levels and longer lasting antibody responses against GP than IM injection. Further, we found that EBOV GP in formulation with a saponin-based adjuvant, Matrix-M, can be efficiently loaded onto MN patches. Co-delivery of Matrix-M with GP significantly enhanced induction of antibody responses by MN delivery, as also observed for IM injection. Results from challenge studies showed that all mice that received the GP/adjuvant formulation by MN or IM immunizations were protected from lethal EBOV challenge. Further, 4 out of 5 mice vaccinated by MN delivery of unadjuvanted GP also survived the challenge, whereas only 1 out of 5 mice vaccinated by IM injection of unadjuvanted GP survived the challenge. These results demonstrate that MN patch delivery of EBOV GP subunit vaccines, which is expected to enable improved safety and thermal stability, can confer effective protection against EBOV infection that is superior to IM vaccination.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/genetics
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibody Formation/immunology
- Ebola Vaccines/immunology
- Ebolavirus/immunology
- Ebolavirus/pathogenicity
- Glycoproteins/administration & dosage
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/genetics
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/prevention & control
- Humans
- Immunization
- Injections, Intradermal
- Mice
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, P. R. China
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ling Ye
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fang Lin
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Central Laboratory, Tangdu Hospital at the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'An, 710038, China
| | - Yasmine Gomaa
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - David Flyer
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Gregory Glenn
- Novavax Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS, Changchun, Jilin 130112, P. R. China
| | - Richard W Compans
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chinglai Yang
- Emory University School of Medicine, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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7
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Shinde V, Fries L, Wu Y, Agrawal S, Cho I, Thomas DN, Spindler M, Lindner E, Hahn T, Plested J, Flyer D, Massare MJ, Zhou B, Fix A, Smith G, Glenn GM. Improved Titers against Influenza Drift Variants with a Nanoparticle Vaccine. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:2346-2348. [PMID: 29897849 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc1803554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Smith G, Liu Y, Flyer D, Massare MJ, Zhou B, Patel N, Ellingsworth L, Lewis M, Cummings JF, Glenn G. Novel hemagglutinin nanoparticle influenza vaccine with Matrix-M™ adjuvant induces hemagglutination inhibition, neutralizing, and protective responses in ferrets against homologous and drifted A(H3N2) subtypes. Vaccine 2017; 35:5366-5372. [PMID: 28844407 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza viruses frequently acquire mutations undergoing antigenic drift necessitating annual evaluation of vaccine strains. Highly conserved epitopes have been identified in the hemagglutinin (HA) head and stem regions, however, current influenza vaccines induce only limited responses to these conserved sites. Here, we describe a novel seasonal recombinant HA nanoparticle influenza vaccine (NIV) formulated with a saponin-based adjuvant, Matrix-M™. NIV induced hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and microneutralizing (MN) antibodies against a broad range of influenza A(H3N2) subtypes. In a comparison of NIV against standard-dose and high-dose inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV and IIV-HD, respectively) in ferrets NIV elicited HAI and MN responses exceeding those induced by IIV-HD against homologous A(H3N2) by 7 fold, A(H1N1) by 26 fold, and B strain viruses by 2 fold. NIV also induced MN responses against all historic A/H3N2 strains tested, spanning more than a decade of viral evolution from the 2000-2017 influenza seasons whereas IIV and IIV-HD induced HAI and MN responses were largely directed against the homologous A(H3N2), A(H1N1), and B virus strains. NIV induced superior protection compared to IIV and IIV-HD in ferrets challenged with a homologous or 10-year drifted influenza A(H3N2) strain. HAI positive and HAI negative neutralizing monoclonal antibodies derived from mice immunized with NIV were active against homologous and drifted influenza A(H3N2) strains. Taken together these observations suggest that NIV can induce responses to one or more highly conserved HA head and stem epitopes and result in highly neutralizing antibodies against both homologous and drift strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gale Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Ye Liu
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - David Flyer
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | | | - Bin Zhou
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Nita Patel
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | | | - Maggie Lewis
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | | | - Greg Glenn
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
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Tian JH, Glenn G, Flyer D, Zhou B, Liu Y, Sullivan E, Wu H, Cummings JF, Elllingsworth L, Smith G. Clostridium difficile chimeric toxin receptor binding domain vaccine induced protection against different strains in active and passive challenge models. Vaccine 2017; 35:4079-4087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Smith GE, Sun X, Bai Y, Liu YV, Massare MJ, Pearce MB, Belser JA, Maines TR, Creager HM, Glenn GM, Flyer D, Pushko P, Levine MZ, Tumpey TM. Neuraminidase-based recombinant virus-like particles protect against lethal avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in ferrets. Virology 2017. [PMID: 28624679 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses represent a growing threat for an influenza pandemic. The presence of widespread avian influenza virus infections further emphasizes the need for vaccine strategies for control of pre-pandemic H5N1 and other avian influenza subtypes. Influenza neuraminidase (NA) vaccines represent a potential strategy for improving vaccines against avian influenza H5N1 viruses. To evaluate a strategy for NA vaccination, we generated a recombinant influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine comprised of the NA protein of A/Indonesia/05/2005 (H5N1) virus. Ferrets vaccinated with influenza N1 NA VLPs elicited high-titer serum NA-inhibition (NI) antibody titers and were protected from lethal challenge with A/Indonesia/05/2005 virus. Moreover, N1-immune ferrets shed less infectious virus than similarly challenged control animals. In contrast, ferrets administered control N2 NA VLPs were not protected against H5N1 virus challenge. These results provide support for continued development of NA-based vaccines against influenza H5N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gale E Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ye V Liu
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Melissa B Pearce
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A Belser
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Taronna R Maines
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hannah M Creager
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - David Flyer
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Peter Pushko
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Min Z Levine
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terrence M Tumpey
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Luke T, Wu H, Zhao J, Channappanavar R, Coleman CM, Jiao JA, Matsushita H, Liu Y, Postnikova EN, Ork BL, Glenn G, Flyer D, Defang G, Raviprakash K, Kochel T, Wang J, Nie W, Smith G, Hensley LE, Olinger GG, Kuhn JH, Holbrook MR, Johnson RF, Perlman S, Sullivan E, Frieman MB. Human polyclonal immunoglobulin G from transchromosomic bovines inhibits MERS-CoV in vivo. Sci Transl Med 2016; 8:326ra21. [PMID: 26888429 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As of 13 November 2015, 1618 laboratory-confirmed human cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection, including 579 deaths, had been reported to the World Health Organization. No specific preventive or therapeutic agent of proven value against MERS-CoV is currently available. Public Health England and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium identified passive immunotherapy with neutralizing antibodies as a treatment approach that warrants priority study. Two experimental MERS-CoV vaccines were used to vaccinate two groups of transchromosomic (Tc) bovines that were genetically modified to produce large quantities of fully human polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Vaccination with a clade A γ-irradiated whole killed virion vaccine (Jordan strain) or a clade B spike protein nanoparticle vaccine (Al-Hasa strain) resulted in Tc bovine sera with high enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralizing antibody titers in vitro. Two purified Tc bovine human IgG immunoglobulins (Tc hIgG), SAB-300 (produced after Jordan strain vaccination) and SAB-301 (produced after Al-Hasa strain vaccination), also had high ELISA and neutralizing antibody titers without antibody-dependent enhancement in vitro. SAB-301 was selected for in vivo and preclinical studies. Administration of single doses of SAB-301 12 hours before or 24 and 48 hours after MERS-CoV infection (Erasmus Medical Center 2012 strain) of Ad5-hDPP4 receptor-transduced mice rapidly resulted in viral lung titers near or below the limit of detection. Tc bovines, combined with the ability to quickly produce Tc hIgG and develop in vitro assays and animal model(s), potentially offer a platform to rapidly produce a therapeutic to prevent and/or treat MERS-CoV infection and/or other emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Luke
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Navy Medical Research Center, The Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
| | - Hua Wu
- SAB Biotherapeutics Inc., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Jincun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | | | - Christopher M Coleman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jin-An Jiao
- SAB Biotherapeutics Inc., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | | | - Ye Liu
- Novavax Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Elena N Postnikova
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Britini L Ork
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | - Gabriel Defang
- Department of Virology, Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Cairo FPO AP 09835, Egypt
| | | | - Tadeusz Kochel
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Navy Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
| | - Jonathan Wang
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wensheng Nie
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Lisa E Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Gene G Olinger
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Reed F Johnson
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Stanley Perlman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Matthew B Frieman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Glenn GM, Fries LF, Thomas DN, Smith G, Kpamegan E, Lu H, Flyer D, Jani D, Hickman SP, Piedra PA. A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled, Dose-Ranging Study of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Recombinant Fusion (F) Nanoparticle Vaccine in Healthy Women of Childbearing Age. J Infect Dis 2015; 213:411-22. [PMID: 26259809 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. A recombinant RSV fusion protein nanoparticle vaccine (RSV F vaccine) candidate for maternal immunization was tested for safety and immunogenicity in women of childbearing age. METHODS Three hundred thirty women (18-35 years) were randomized to receive 1 or 2 doses of RSV F vaccine (60 or 90 µg) with or without aluminum phosphate adjuvant, or placebo at days 0 and 28. Safety was evaluated over 180 days; immunogenicity and RSV infection rates were evaluated over 112 days. RESULTS All vaccine formulations were well tolerated, without vaccine-related serious adverse events. Anti-F immunoglobulin G antibodies rose 6.5-15.6-fold, with significantly higher levels in 2-dose, adjuvanted regimens at day 56. Palivizumab-competitive antibody levels were undetectable at day 0 but increased up to 325 µg/mL at day 56. A 2.7- and 3.5-fold rise in RSV/A and RSV/B microneutralization antibodies were noted at day 56. Between days 56 and 112, 21% (12/56) of placebo recipients and 11% of vaccinees (26/244) showed evidence of a recent RSV infection (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS The vaccine appeared safe, immunogenic, and reduced RSV infections. Further development as a vaccine for use in maternal immunization is warranted. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT01704365.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hanxin Lu
- Novavax, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Pedro A Piedra
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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13
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Davtyan H, Ghochikyan A, Hovakimyan A, Petrushina I, Yu J, Flyer D, Madsen PJ, Pedersen LO, Cribbs DH, Agadjanyan MG. Immunostimulant patches containing Escherichia coli LT enhance immune responses to DNA- and recombinant protein-based Alzheimer's disease vaccines. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 268:50-7. [PMID: 24507620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic approaches to treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) using vaccination strategies must overcome the obstacle of achieving adequate responses to vaccination in the elderly. Here we demonstrate for the first time that application of the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin adjuvant-laden immunostimulatory patches (LT-IS) dramatically enhances the onset and magnitude of immune responses to DNA- and protein-based vaccines for Alzheimer's disease following intradermal immunization via gene gun and conventional needles, respectively. Our studies suggest that the immune activation mediated by LT-IS offers improved potency for generating AD-specific vaccination responses that should be investigated as an adjuvant in the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayk Davtyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA
| | - Anahit Ghochikyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA
| | - Armine Hovakimyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA
| | - Irina Petrushina
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jianmei Yu
- Intercell USA, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - David Flyer
- Intercell USA, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | | | - David H Cribbs
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael G Agadjanyan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Seid RC, Look JL, Ruiz C, Frolov V, Flyer D, Schafer J, Ellingsworth L. Transcutaneous immunization with Intercell's vaccine delivery system. Vaccine 2012; 30:4349-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Allen H, Fraser J, Flyer D, Calvin S, Flavell R. Beta 2-microglobulin is not required for cell surface expression of the murine class I histocompatibility antigen H-2Db or of a truncated H-2Db. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1986; 83:7447-51. [PMID: 3532114 PMCID: PMC386735 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.19.7447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2m) has been thought essential for transport of all major histocompatibility complex class I antigens to the cell surface. Here, we show that the mouse class I antigen H-2Db is expressed at the cell surface even when there is no beta 2m present within the cell. This was established by transfecting the H-2Db gene into the R1E cell line, which lacks beta 2m. The conformation of the Db antigen expressed by the R1E transfectant is very different from that of the native molecule. This Db antigen is not recognized by Db-allospecific and Db-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes or by most monoclonal antibodies to the native Db. We show further that a deletion construct of the Db gene, which consists of exon 1 linked to exons 4-8, expresses a truncated Db antigen lacking domains 1 and 2 [Db-(1 + 2)] at the cell surface after transfection into the R1E line. Previous biochemical and crystallographic data have indicated that domain 3 is associated with beta 2m; unexpectedly, Db-(1 + 2) does not associate with beta 2m when the mouse beta 2mb gene is transfected into the R1E transfectant expressing the truncated Db. This suggests that interactions with domains 1 and 2 are important for the paired association of domain 3 and beta 2m in the native Db antigen.
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