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Watts P, Yeo D, Davis R, Watkins WJ. 12 The incidence, clinical features, and management of essential infantile esotropia in the United Kingdom. A British Ophthalmology Surveillance Unit (BOSU) study - Final Report. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023; 8:A4-A5. [PMID: 37797995 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-biposa.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies from the UK have reported declining rates of surgery for childhood esotropia. It is not known if this equates to a reduced incidence of essential infantile esotropia (EIE). A national study was undertaken through the British ophthalmology surveillance unit (BOSU) to determine the incidence presenting features and management of EIE in the UKData from a prospective national observational cohort of newly diagnosed EIE presenting to clinicians in the United Kingdom over a 12-month period was collected. Cases with a confirmed diagnosis by a clinician of a constant, non-accommodative esotropia ≥ 20 prism dioptres (PD), presenting at ≤ 12months, with no neurological or ocular abnormalities were identified through BOSU. Follow up data was collected at 12 months. Data was collected on the age, gender, ethnicity, birth history, age at diagnosis, age at intervention, angle of esotropia, refraction, associated features of amblyopia, overelevation in adduction (OEIA), latent nystagmus and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), method of management and outcomes.During the period of observation between October 2017 to October 2018 a total of 57 cases were reported giving an incidence of EIE of 1 in 12,828 live births with a corrected incidence of 1 in 9027 live births allowing for estimated under reporting. The mean age of diagnosis and intervention were 7.05± 2.6 months (range 2 to 12 months) and 14.7± 4.9 (range 6.5-28.1 months) respectively. The majority were Caucasians 86.5% and 52.7% were female. Management was surgical in 59.6%, and botulinum toxin alone in 22.8%, 17.5% were observed. There was no significant difference in the age of presentation (P=0.6), gender (P=0.8), prematurity (P=0.5), deprivation indices (P=0.68), refraction (P=0.7), OEIA (P=0.6), DVD (P=0.7) or follow up (P=0.3) between the three groups. The preoperative angle of esotropia was smaller in the observation group (P=0.04). The post-operative angle of esotropia was not statistically significant between botulinum toxin or surgery (P=0.3) though the age of intervention was earlier in the botulinum group (P=0.007). Early intervention did not influence the motor post intervention outcomes between 0-10 prism dioptres of esotropia (P=0.78). Amblyopia (P=0.02) and latent nystagmus (P=0.009) was more common in the observation group.The incidence of EIE in the UK is considerably lower than reported in other population-based studies. The preferred method of treatment was surgical with earlier intervention in those treated with botulinum toxin. An early age of intervention did not influence motor outcomes. Parental choice and amblyopia treatment were reasons cited for conservative management in the observational group.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Watts
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - D Yeo
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Davis
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Elhence A, Christou L, Dodeja R, Raj A, Gonzalez-Martin J, Yeo D. 23 Using visual data and teleophthalmology in paediatric ophthalmology with an app-free, browser-based, visual data platform: ISLACARE. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023; 8:A8. [PMID: 37797999 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-biposa.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual data is underutilised in ophthalmology particularly within paediatrics. Following the pandemic, virtual and remote clinics in the form of telephone and video consultations have increased but there are limitations within paediatric ophthalmology as synchronous telephone or video calls are time-consuming.Using a platform known as ISLACARE, we are able to run remote photo and video clinics that has the capability to support asynchronous or synchronous consultations. With this software, parents and clinicians do not need to create logins or download apps thus increasing compliance with the technology.In an audit of 101 consecutive cases, the following was found. Mean age: 6.67 years (0-17years). The top 4 categories used in were anterior segment (36%), Strabismus (24%), Orbit/Trauma (17%), and Oculoplastics (12%).On the use of photographs to support consultations , it was felt that 91% reduced time to treatment/supported clinical decision making and 75% improved clinician to clinician communication. We have found a 30% increase in capacity in our remote teleophthalmology clinics by utilising a pre-consultation proforma. A particular improvement has been in post-operative strabismus cases where 90% of all our first appointment checks are now done remotely.We would like to demonstrate the clinical flow of how we use ISLACARE for asynchronous consultations, remote monitoring, and visual data archiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elhence
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Christou
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Dodeja
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Raj
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Dcm Yeo
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Mitra J, Bhushan C, Ghose S, Mills D, Chan H, Tarasek M, Foo T, Wells S, Jupitz S, Bednarz B, Brace C, Holmes J, Yeo D. Abstract No. 49 Motion Compensation in 3D MRI-US Fusion Using Fast Deformable Registration: A Feasibility Study for Real-Time Intervention. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Chin C, Le TT, Singh G, Yip J, Chai SC, Yong QW, Lee E, Yeo D, Tay E, Goh PP, Ling LF, Richards AM, Delgado V, Ding ZP, Ling LH. Echocardiographic global longitudinal strain as a marker of myocardial fibrosis predicts outcomes in aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) reflects intrinsic myocardial function, influenced by interstitial abnormalities. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) detects myocardial fibrosis non-invasively, but it is limited for widespread use. We aim to establish LV-GLS as a marker of replacement myocardial fibrosis on CMR and validate the prognostic value of LV-GLS thresholds associated with fibrosis.
Methods
LV-GLS thresholds of replacement fibrosis were established in the derivation cohort: 151 patients (57±10 years; 58% males) with hypertension who underwent STE to measure LV-GLS and CMR for replacement myocardial fibrosis. Prognostic value of the thresholds was validated in a separate outcome cohort: 261 patients with moderate-severe aortic stenosis (AS; 71±12 years; 58% males; NYHA functional class I-II) and preserved LVEF ≥50%. Primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, heart failure hospitalization, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular events.
Results
In the derivation cohort, LV-GLS demonstrated good discrimination (c-statistics 0.74; 95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.83; P<0.001) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow X2=6.37; P=0.605) for replacement fibrosis. In the outcome cohort, 52 events occurred over 16 [3.1, 42.0] months of follow-up. Patients with LV-GLS >−15.0% (corresponding to 95% specificity to rule-in myocardial fibrosis) had the worst outcomes compared to patients with LV-GLS <−21.0% (corresponding to 95% sensitivity to rule-out myocardial fibrosis) and those between −21.0 and −15.0% (log-rank P<0.001; Figure 1). Furthermore, LV-GLS offered independent prognostic value over clinical variables, AS severity, echocardiographic LVEF and E/e' (hazard ratio 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.07 to 1.30; P=0.001).
Conclusions
LV-GLS thresholds associated with replacement myocardial fibrosis is a novel approach to risk-stratify patients with AS and preserved LVEF (Figure 2).
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Medical Research Council Figure 1Figure 2
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chin
- National Heart Centre Singapore (NHCS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - T T Le
- National Heart Centre Singapore (NHCS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - G Singh
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Leiden, Netherlands (The)
| | - J Yip
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S C Chai
- Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Q W Yong
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Lee
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Yeo
- Apex Heart Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Tay
- Asian Heart and Vascular Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P P Goh
- Asian Heart and Vascular Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L F Ling
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A M Richards
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - V Delgado
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Leiden, Netherlands (The)
| | - Z P Ding
- National Heart Centre Singapore (NHCS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - L H Ling
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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Ho J, Oviedo A, Patrice L, Garcia L, Lebrun S, Tung C, Yeo D, Chng Y, Phillips B, Peitsch M, Hoeng J, Vanscheeuwijck P. Toxicological assessment of highly mentholated reduced-risk tobacco products in Sprague Dawley rats following sub-chronic inhalation exposure. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yeo D, Toh A, Yeo C, Low G, Yeo JZ, Aung MO, Rao J, Kaushal S. The impact of impulsivity on weight loss after bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:425-438. [PMID: 32232777 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity has been shown to be associated with obesity through links to pathological eating behavior such as binge eating. The recent literature suggests that impulsivity is linked to poorer outcomes post-bariatric surgery. Impulsivity can be measured in various ways and comprises of three broad domains: impulsive choice, impulsive action, and impulsive personality traits. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the current evidence on the impact of impulsivity on post-bariatric surgery weight loss. METHODS A literature review was performed in February 2020. Original studies investigating the relationship between impulsivity and weight loss post-bariatric surgery were evaluated. RESULTS Ten studies with a total of 1246 patients were analyzed. There were four case-control, four prospective observational and two retrospective observational studies. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 0.5 to 12 years. Eight studies measuring trait impulsivity did not show any association with weight loss post-bariatric surgery, although two studies reported an indirect effect of impulsivity on weight loss mediated via pathological eating behavior. Assessment of impulsive action by two studies showed that post-bariatric surgery weight loss is affected by impulsive action. CONCLUSION Impulsivity may adversely affect postoperative outcomes after bariatric surgery. However, this may be specific to state impulsivity or impulsive action rather than trait impulsivity. Patients with a higher state impulsivity may benefit from closer follow-up post-bariatric surgery, as well as cognitive behavioral therapies targeting cognitive control over food. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yeo
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
| | - A Toh
- Department of Psychology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Yeo
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - G Low
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Z Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M O Aung
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - J Rao
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - S Kaushal
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
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Yeo D, Kaushal S, Ahmed S. Clearing the air: an accessible system for suction and safe evacuation of pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy in patients with COVID-19. Br J Surg 2020; 107:e200. [PMID: 32379342 PMCID: PMC7267272 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Yeo
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Kaushal
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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Yeo C, Yeo D, Kaushal S, Ahmed S. Is it too premature to recommend against laparoscopic emergency surgery in COVID-19 patients? Br J Surg 2020; 107:e202. [PMID: 32379345 PMCID: PMC7267169 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Yeo
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - D Yeo
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Kaushal
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Ahmed
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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Sreekumari A, Shanbhag D, Yeo D, Foo T, Pilitsis J, Polzin J, Patil U, Coblentz A, Kapadia A, Khinda J, Boutet A, Port J, Hancu I. A Deep Learning-Based Approach to Reduce Rescan and Recall Rates in Clinical MRI Examinations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:217-223. [PMID: 30606726 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR imaging rescans and recalls can create large hospital revenue loss. The purpose of this study was to develop a fast, automated method for assessing rescan need in motion-corrupted brain series. MATERIALS AND METHODS A deep learning-based approach was developed, outputting a probability for a series to be clinically useful. Comparison of this per-series probability with a threshold, which can depend on scan indication and reading radiologist, determines whether a series needs to be rescanned. The deep learning classification performance was compared with that of 4 technologists and 5 radiologists in 49 test series with low and moderate motion artifacts. These series were assumed to be scanned for 2 scan indications: screening for multiple sclerosis and stroke. RESULTS The image-quality rating was found to be scan indication- and reading radiologist-dependent. Of the 49 test datasets, technologists created a mean ratio of rescans/recalls of (4.7 ± 5.1)/(9.5 ± 6.8) for MS and (8.6 ± 7.7)/(1.6 ± 1.9) for stroke. With thresholds adapted for scan indication and reading radiologist, deep learning created a rescan/recall ratio of (7.3 ± 2.2)/(3.2 ± 2.5) for MS, and (3.6 ± 1.5)/(2.8 ± 1.6) for stroke. Due to the large variability in the technologists' assessments, it was only the decrease in the recall rate for MS, for which the deep learning algorithm was trained, that was statistically significant (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS Fast, automated deep learning-based image-quality rating can decrease rescan and recall rates, while rendering them technologist-independent. It was estimated that decreasing rescans and recalls from the technologists' values to the values of deep learning could save hospitals $24,000/scanner/year.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sreekumari
- From the GE Global Research Center (A.S., D.S., U.P.), Bangalore, India
| | - D Shanbhag
- From the GE Global Research Center (A.S., D.S., U.P.), Bangalore, India
| | - D Yeo
- GE Global Research Center (D.Y., T.F., I.H.), Niskayuna, New York
| | - T Foo
- GE Global Research Center (D.Y., T.F., I.H.), Niskayuna, New York
| | - J Pilitsis
- Albany Medical College (J.Pilitsis), Albany, New York
| | - J Polzin
- GE Healthcare (J.Polzin), Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - U Patil
- From the GE Global Research Center (A.S., D.S., U.P.), Bangalore, India
| | - A Coblentz
- University Hospital Network (A.C., A.K., J.K., A.B.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Kapadia
- University Hospital Network (A.C., A.K., J.K., A.B.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Khinda
- University Hospital Network (A.C., A.K., J.K., A.B.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Boutet
- University Hospital Network (A.C., A.K., J.K., A.B.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Port
- Mayo Clinic (J.Port), Rochester, Minnesota
| | - I Hancu
- GE Global Research Center (D.Y., T.F., I.H.), Niskayuna, New York
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Yeo D, Chew TW, Lai YF. ISQUA18-1654Evaluation of a Medication-based 15-day Readmission Risk Stratification Algorithm in Predicting Unplanned Readmissions in a Tertiary Acute Care Hospital. Int J Qual Health Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzy167.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Yeo
- Sengkang Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T W Chew
- Sengkang Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y F Lai
- Sengkang Health, Singapore, Singapore
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Yeo D, Jorissen R, Nikfarjam M, Ferrao P. PO-508 A novel predictor for stratifying pancreatic cancer patients to DNA damage checkpoint inhibitors. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Suyanto S, Yeo D, Khan S. An audit of pembrolizumab use in non-small cell lung cancer in Nottingham. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lincoln NB, Drummond AER, Edmans JA, Yeo D, Willis D. The Rey Figure Copy as a Screening Instrument for Perceptual Deficits after Stroke. Br J Occup Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/030802269806100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the use of the Rey figure for screening patients for perceptual impairment following stroke. Stroke patients in a trial of a stroke unit were assessed using the Rey figure copy at entry to the study. Those admitted to the stroke unit were also assessed on the Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery (RPAB). In 61 patients assessed consecutively on both tests, using conventional clinical cut-off points the Rey figure copy was impaired in 31 out of 32 patients who were impaired on the RPAB. Fifteen patients who failed the Rey figure did not have perceptual problems on the RPAB, indicating that deficits on the Rey figure are not only due to perceptual problems. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to compare different cut-off points. The Rey figure may be used as a brief screening assessment for perceptual deficits following stroke.
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Kang C, Yeo D, Ji LL. Muscle immobilization activates mitophagy and disrupts mitochondrial dynamics in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 218:188-197. [PMID: 27083499 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Skeletal muscle atrophy following prolonged immobilization (IM) is a catabolic state characterized by increased proteolysis and functional deterioration. Previous research indicates that discord of mitochondrial homoeostasis plays a critical role in muscle atrophy. We hypothesized that muscle IM would activate the ubiquitin-proteolysis, autophagy-lysosome (mitophagy) pathway, mitochondrial dynamics remodelling and apoptosis partially controlled by the FoxO signalling pathway. METHODS Female FVB/N mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8 each): control (CON), IM with banding of one of the hindlimbs for 1, 2 and 3 weeks (1w-, 2w- and 3w-IM) and 2w-IM followed by 1 week of remobilization (RM). RESULTS Mitochondrial density and DNA copies in tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were reduced by approx. 80% (P < 0.05 for 2w-IM; P < 0.01 for 3w-IM), along with activation of FoxO3a, atrogin-1 and MuRF1 following 2w- and 3w-IM (P < 0.01). Protein markers of autophagy/mitophagy, such as beclin 1 (approx. 2.7-fold; P < 0.01), LC3, ubiquitin-binding adaptor (approx. 1.47-fold; P < 0.01), Rheb (approx. 1.9-fold; P < 0.05) and parkin (approx. 70%; P < 0.05), were all increased by IM and remained activated after RM, whereas BNIP3 and PINK1 levels were decreased by IM (P < 0.05), but elevated upon RM (P < 0.01). IM decreased Mfn2 expression (approx. 50%; P < 0.01) and increased Fis-1 expression (approx. 2.4-fold; P < 0.05). Muscle apoptosis indicator Bax/Bcl2 ratio was elevated at 2w- to 3w-IM (approx. 3.7-fold; P < 0.01), whereas caspase-3 activity was five- to sixfold higher (P < 0.01) and remained threefold higher above CON (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that IM-induced mitochondrial deterioration is associated with altered protein expressions in the autophagic/mitophagic pathway, more fragmented mitochondrial network and activation of apoptosis partly under the influence of FoxO3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kang
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science; School of Kinesiology; University of Minnesota at Twin Cities; Minneapolis MN USA
| | - D. Yeo
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science; School of Kinesiology; University of Minnesota at Twin Cities; Minneapolis MN USA
| | - L. L. Ji
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science; School of Kinesiology; University of Minnesota at Twin Cities; Minneapolis MN USA
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Abstract
Perovskite materials are now an important class of materials in the application areas of photovoltaics and photocatalysis. Inorganic perovskites such as BiFeO3 (BFO) are promising photocatalyst materials with visible light activity and inherent stability. Here we report the large area sol-gel synthesis of BFO films for solar stimulated water photo oxidation. By modifying the sol-gel synthesis process we have produced a perovskite material that has p-type behaviour and a flat band potential of ∼1.15 V (versus NHE). The photocathode produces a density of -0.004 mA cm(-2) at 0 V versus NHE under AM1.5 G illumination. We further show that 0.6 μmol h(-1) of O2 was produced at an external bias of -0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl. The addition of a non-percolating conducting network of Ag increases the photocurrent to -0.07 mA cm(-2) at 0 V versus NHE (at 2% Ag loading) with an increase to 2.7 μmol h(-1) for O2 production. We attribute the enhancement in photoelectrochemical performance to increased light absorption due light scattering by the incorporated Ag particles, improved charge transfer kinetics at the Ag/BFO interface and reduced over potential losses. We support these claims by an observed shift in flat band and onset potentials after Ag modification through UV-vis spectroscopy, Mott-Schottky plots and j-v curve analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yilmaz
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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Abstract
The Barthel ADL Index is routinely used to assess elderly patients after discharge from hospital. Its inter-rater reliability and criterion validity have been well established. However, the inter-method reliability in administering this scale has not been sufficiently documentated. This study compares post, telephone and interview (visit) methods of administration to investigate their agreement. The index was administered by the three methods in random order after patients were discharged from acute geriatric wards. Results suggest that these three methods are reliable and agree well with each other in the total scores obtained. Analyses of individual item scores indicate poor agreement on one item (stairs). Suggestions on improving the guidelines for this item are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Yeo
- Stroke Research Unit, Nottingham City Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham
| | - R. Faleiro
- Stroke Research Unit, Nottingham City Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham
| | - NB Lincoln
- Stroke Research Unit, Nottingham City Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham
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Mak E, Chin R, Ng LT, Yeo D, Hameed S. Clinical associations of anosognosia in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2015; 30:1207-14. [PMID: 25754519 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE While loss of insight of cognitive deficits is a common phenomenon in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a lack of consensus regarding the presence of impaired insight among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We aim to investigate the clinical, cognitive, and behavioral associations of anosognosia in AD and MCI subjects. METHODS A consecutive series of 87 subjects (30 healthy older patients, 21 MCI, and 36 AD) each accompanied by a caregiver, underwent clinical assessment including the evaluation of insight using the Anosognosia Questionnaire for Dementia (AQD). We also separately assessed Intellectual Function (AQD-IF) and Behavior domains of the AQD scale. Regression models were subsequently used to investigate associations of AQD scores with cognitive and other neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression and apathy. RESULTS Both AD and MCI groups demonstrated significant anosognosia compared with the healthy control group. In the AD group, 55.6% had "Mild Anosognosia," and 27.8% had "Severe Anosognosia." In the MCI group, 42.9% showed "Mild Anosognosia," and 9.5% had "Severe Anosognosia." Greater levels of AQD-Total and AQD-IF were associated with lower Mini-mental state examination and higher apathy scores in the AD group. In the MCI group, caregiver burden was significantly associated with AQD-Total (p = 0.016) and AQD-IF (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION The results indicated that anosognosia is common in both AD and MCI patients and associated with cognitive dysfunction and apathy in AD. The findings of this study warrant further research to delineate the mechanisms of anosognosia as it poses a challenge to treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mak
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R Chin
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - L T Ng
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Yeo
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Hameed
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Yeo D, He H, Baldwin G, Nikfarjam M. P-038 FRAX597, a PAK1 inhibitor, synergises with gemcitabine in the reduction of pancreatic cancer growth. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv233.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Majeed M, Syed T, Yeo D. Correlation between hemodynamic stability and major trauma (ISS >15). Afr J Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Majeed M, Yeo D. Fascia iliaca block, for fractured femur, in Emergency Departments. Afr J Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2013.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Hameed S, Ting S, Yan F, Ng H, Yeo D. Complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with cognitive impairment in Singapore. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nagaendran K, Chen LH, Chong MS, Chua EV, Goh CK, Kua J, Lee T, Marziyana AR, Ng CC, Ng LL, Seow D, Sitoh YY, Yap LK, Yeo D, Yeo Y. Ministry of Health Clinical Practice Guidelines: Dementia. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:293-8; quiz 299. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shahzad H, Majeed M, Yeo D, Gupta V, Salanke U. FIB the fractured femur. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC3642552 DOI: 10.1186/cc12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Yeo D, Bouagnon R, Djyh BN, Tuo C, N’guessan JD. Acute and Subacute Toxic Study of Aqueous Leaf Extract of <i>Combretum Molle</i>. TROP J PHARM RES 2012. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v11i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wong J, Chan YH, Ho CY, Koh A, Goh CY, Lee HH, Kwa W, Yeo D. Quality of life in Southeast Asian patients with chronic heart failure in Singapore. Heart 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chong MS, Lim WS, Chan SP, Feng L, Niti M, Yap P, Yeo D, Ng TP. Diagnostic performance of the Chinese Frontal Assessment Battery in early cognitive impairment in an Asian population. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2011; 30:525-32. [PMID: 21252547 DOI: 10.1159/000321665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) has been shown to be useful in evaluating frontal dysfunction. There is a paucity of studies validating cutoffs in the early cognitive impairment. We aim to validate the Chinese FAB in Asian subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia. METHODS Eighty subjects with MCI and mild dementia and 100 cognitively healthy community subjects were studied. ROC analysis was done to determine the Chinese FAB's optimal cutoff scores for age- and education-adjusted subgroups. RESULTS Chinese FAB scores were significantly lower in early cognitive impairment compared with cognitively normal controls. The optimal cutoff score was 12/13 (sensitivity 92%, specificity 78.7%). A similar cutoff score was obtained following age-adjustment and for subjects with <6 years' education. Of note, the optimal cutoff for subjects with ≥6 years' education was 13/14 (sensitivity 91.8%, specificity 70.3%), an improved diagnostic performance compared to the earlier reported 11/12 cutoff. In comparison, the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) had lower rule-out accuracy (77% sensitivity, 91.2% specificity). The combination of the Chinese FAB and MMSE was superior to either test in isolation. CONCLUSION The education-adjusted Chinese FAB has good diagnostic performance, which can supplement the MMSE in early cognitive impairment evaluation with construct differences observed between the Chinese FAB and MMSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Chong
- Clinical Research Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore.
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Ng A, Earnest A, Yeo D, Kandiah N. Cognitive screening in Asia: recognizing the role of the patient-family unit. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2010; 29:351-5. [PMID: 20424453 DOI: 10.1159/000288758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cognitive screening programmes may improve awareness and help at-risk subjects receive earlier medical attention. Cognitive profiles of subjects who attend cognitive screening by personal choice (self-referred) compared to those where the referral was initiated by family members (family-referred) were compared. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of community subjects attending a cognitive screening initiative. Performance on the MMSE, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ) and Even Briefer Assessment Scale for Depression was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 342 subjects with a mean age of 59.2 +/- 9.0 years were screened. Overrepresentation of Chinese and Indian subjects and underrepresentation of Malay subjects was noted. The prevalence of cognitive impairment ranged from 7.0 to 9.6% depending on the screening instrument used. Of the 342 subjects, 267 were self-referred, while 75 subjects were family-referred. Family-referred subjects had lower MMSE (p < 0.001), lower ECAQ (p < 0.001) and lower FAB (p < 0.001) scores but were not more depressed compared to self-referred subjects (p = 0.904). Only the difference in ECAQ scores remained significant after adjustment for baseline differences in age and education. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia was not statistically different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Family members play a crucial role in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment, especially in older subjects with fewer years of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
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Yeo D, N’Guessan JD, Sea T, Coulibaly YA, Djaman AJ, Tako NA, Yavo JC, Guede-Guina F. Évaluation de l’activité antiasthmatique et antitussive de Combretum molle, plante médicinale de la pharmacopée ivoirienne. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10298-008-0347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Smith GI, Yeo D, Clark J, Choy ET, Gao K, Oates J, O'Brien CJ. Measures of health-related quality of life and functional status in survivors of oral cavity cancer who have had defects reconstructed with radial forearm free flaps. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 44:187-92. [PMID: 16095776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2005.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2004] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate (by postal questionnaire) quality of life and function in patients who have had resections of oral cancer and reconstruction by radial forearm flaps. Between October 1987 and December 2002, 258 patients had reconstructions by radial forearm flaps after resection of tumours in the oral cavity. Of these, 139 surviving patients were identified from the database and were sent questionnaires comprising five sections: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and -Head and Neck (FACT-HN); University of Washington Quality of Life Scale (UWQoL); Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer (PSS-HN); and the final section addressed dental rehabilitation and morbidity at the donor site. Sixty-three questionnaires (45%) were returned. In 17 (27%), parts of the questionnaire were incomplete. The median UWQoL score was 623/900, FACT-G was 92/108, FACT-HN was 31/48, and PSS-HN showed that eating in public, understandability of speech and normality of diet were 75/100, 75/100 and 50/100, respectively. The effect of stage and site on quality of life and function did not reach statistical significance. The effect of radiotherapy on speech (p=0.036) and diet (p=0.007) was significant. Patients who worried about their cancer returning had a lower UWQoL score (p=0.016). Ninety percent regarded their arm as disfigured, but 81% felt comfortable wearing short-sleeved shirts. Sensation and function of the hand were reported as normal in 87 and 92%, respectively. We conclude that patients who have had oral cancer have a persistent reduction in quality of life and function long after completion of treatment. The effects can be assessed by postal questionnaire, but the low rate of return (45%) and difficulties with completion reduce the quality of the data. Quality of life and function are essential components of improvements in outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G I Smith
- Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney 2042, Australia.
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Sykes P, Allen D, Cohen C, Scurry J, Yeo D. Does the density of lymphatic vascular space invasion affect the prognosis of stage Ib and IIA node negative carcinoma of the cervix? Int J Gynecol Cancer 2003; 13:313-6. [PMID: 12801262 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2003.13024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vascular space invasion (LVSI) has been noted as a poor prognostic factor in many tumors. In some studies of carcinoma of the cervix, LVSI has been demonstrated to be independent of other prognostic factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate if, by a simple quantitative technique, the density of lymphatic invasion could be correlated with the risk of recurrence in node negative early stage carcinoma of the cervix. We analyzed the pathology and clinical course of 71 consecutive patients with stage IB and IIA carcinoma of the cervix treated primarily by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. All cases had negative nodes and adequate surgical margins. There were 67 patients suitable for evaluation. Tumour type, grade, stage and the dimensions of the tumor were recorded. The density of LVSI was categorized as absent (45%), mild (15%), moderate (33%) or severe (7%) depending on the number of lymphatic vascular spaces involved per high power field in the worst affected slide. The patients were followed for 2-8(1/2) years with a mean follow up of 4 years and 2 months. There were 13 recurrences and 7 deaths. All recurrences occurred in less than 2 years after surgery. The risk of recurrence was 40% for patients with extensive LVSI, 32% for moderate, 30% for mild and 3% if LVSI was absent. Only the presence of LVSI was associated with an increased risk of recurrence. The density of lymphatic invasion as represented by the number of lymphatic spaces occupied on the worst histological slide offered no further clinically useful information.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sykes
- Departments of Gynaecological Oncology, Mercy Hospital for Women, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Yeo D, Abe T, Abe H, Sakurai A, Takio K, Dohmae N, Takahashi N, Yoshida S. Partial characterization of a 17 kDa acidic protein, EFP, induced by thiocarbamate in the early flowering phase in Asparagus seedlings. Plant Cell Physiol 1996; 37:935-940. [PMID: 8979394 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Asparagus officinalis seedlings treated with either thiocarbamates or carbamates are induced to flower within 2-3 weeks of application. SDS-PAGE and 2-D PAGE resolutions of total soluble proteins of treated seedlings showed the accumulation of an acidic 17 kDa polypeptide. Partial amino acid sequence of the acidic protein showed homology to the wound-responsive A. officinalis PR 1, AoPR1. We named this protein EFP, early flowering protein, owing to its advanced appearance during the early transition from vegetative to floral phase. Carbamates and thiocarbamates that induced more than 80% flowering rates corresponded with increased level of EFP while compounds that are weak flower inducers showed reduced amount of EFP. The observation thus defined the correlationship of EFP to variable flowering rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yeo
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama, Japan
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Abstract
The Salford Objective Recognition Test (SORT) was developed as a measure of recognition memory suitable for use with elderly people as it requires a shorter administration time than Warrington's Recognition Memory Test. Normative data for the SORT were collected from 50 normal elderly people living in the community. Fifty stroke patients were assessed on the SORT and other tests of psychological functioning. The words and faces subtests were found to correlate well with other measures of memory. The SORT was found to be uninfluenced by the effects of sex and time since onset of stroke, but was affected by language difficulties and perception problems. The split-half reliability of the test was found to be good as alternative versions of the subtests correlated well with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yeo
- Stroke Research Unit, City Hospital, Nottingham
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Yeo D. A voice in the dark. Nurs Times 1988; 84:38-9. [PMID: 3136444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Winchester JM, Yeo D. Trends in agricultural aviation. Future developments in pesticide chemicals and formulations. Chem Ind 1968; 4:106-8. [PMID: 5636526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Yeo D. Non-ovicidal molluscicides in the control of bilharziasis. Bull World Health Organ 1965; 33:144-6. [PMID: 5294259 PMCID: PMC2475814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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