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Gryczynski J, Mitchell SG, Whitter M, Fuller D, Mitchell MM, Edelman EJ, Schwartz RP. A trial of implementation facilitation to increase timely admission to methadone treatment. J Subst Use Addict Treat 2024; 162:209375. [PMID: 38642889 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2024.209375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the ongoing opioid epidemic, some Opioid Treatment Programs (OTPs) are unable to admit program applicants in a timely fashion. Interim methadone (IM) treatment (without routine counseling) is an effective approach to overcome this challenge when counseling capacity is inadequate to permit admissions within 14 days of request. It requires both federal and state approval and has been rarely utilized since its incorporation into the federal OTP regulations in 1993. METHODS We evaluated the impact of Implementation Facilitation (IF) on OTPs providing timely admission to methadone treatment (i.e., within 14 days of request), adopting IM, and changing admissions procedures. IF included data collection on admission processes and an external facilitator who engaged OTP leadership, Local Champions through site visits, remote academic detailing, and feedback. Local Champions and State Opioid Treatment Authorities (SOTAs) participated in learning collaboratives. Using a modified stepped wedge design, six OTPs in four US states on the east and west coasts were randomly assigned to one of two clusters that staggered the timing of IF receipt. Study Phases included: Pre-Implementation, IF, and Sustainability. OTPs submitted data on treatment requests and admissions for 28 months (N = 3108 requests for treatment). RESULTS Although none of the OTPs adopted IM, all six developed policies and procedures to enable its use. Some OTPs streamlined admissions processes prior to study launch and during the IF intervention. OTPs reduced admission delays over time, although there was substantial site heterogeneity. The IF Phase for the early cluster coincided with the onset of COVID-19, complicating the study. Rates of timely admission within 14 days of request were 56.2 % (Pre-Implementation), 55.8 % (IF), and 78.8 % (Sustainability). Compared to the Pre-Implementation Phase, the odds of timely admission were not significantly different during the IF Phase but significantly higher during the Sustainability Phase (OR = 2.35 [95 % CI = 1.34, 4.12]; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Committing to study participation and IF activities may have prompted some OTPs to change practices that improved timely admission. Attributing changes to IF should be done with caution considering study limitations. Data collection for the study spanned the COVID-19 pandemic, which complicates interpretation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov registration # NCT04188977.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gryczynski
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
| | - S G Mitchell
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - M Whitter
- National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors, Inc., Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - D Fuller
- National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors, Inc., Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - M M Mitchell
- MMM was with FRI at time of the study, United States of America
| | - E J Edelman
- Yale Schools of Medicine and Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - R P Schwartz
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Curado TF, Pho H, Freire C, Amorim M, Sennes LU, Taheri N, Hong Y, Abdelwahab M, Huang A, Fishbein K, Liu S, Capasso R, Schwartz A, Fuller D, Polotsky V. Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs Treatment of Sleep-disordered Breathing. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Meier R, Kaplan I, Bloch D, Chen R, Kane B, Henning G, Woodhouse S, Royce T, Cotrutz C, Fuller D. OC-0509 10-year outcome of ultrahypofractionated stereotactic RT from two multicenter prostate cancer trials. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06935-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fuller D, Herrick J, Graham J, Barfield J. 42 Vitrification of invitro-produced feline embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preservation of feline embryos is useful in propagating endangered species, preserving valuable genetics, and supporting biomedical research. Although a wide variety of cryoprotectants (CP) and protocols are successfully used for vitrification of invitro-produced (IVP) embryos, there are often species-specific differences in viability of embryos post-warming. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability of IVP feline embryos after vitrification using two common CPs, propanediol (PrOH) or ethylene glycol (EG). Embryos were produced with oocytes and frozen-thawed epididymal sperm collected from local spay-neuter clinics using a published IVP protocol developed for producing domestic feline embryos. Day 7 early blastocysts (stage 5), blastocysts (stage 6), and expanded blastocysts (stage 7) were evaluated for quality (grade 1 or 2) and randomly assigned to one of three treatments: vitrification with PrOH (n=32), vitrification with EG (n=31), or control (n=47), which was allowed to continue in culture until Day 8. The vitrification protocol was as follows. The base medium for all vitrification media was a HEPES-buffered feline optimized culture medium (FOCMH). Embryos were placed in 0.5mL of equilibration medium (7.5% dimethyl sulfoxide, 7.5% PrOH or EG, 0.5M sucrose, 10% Ficoll, and 20% fetal calf serum (FCS)) for 5min at room temperature. Individual embryos were then moved to 20-μL drops of vitrification medium (15% dimethyl sulfoxide, 15% PrOH or EG, 0.5M sucrose, 10% Ficoll, and 20% FCS) at room temperature for 30s before being loaded onto Cryolock devices and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Warming was done using a 3-step process for all vitrified embryos. First, embryos were moved from liquid nitrogen directly to 0.5mL of 1M sucrose, 10% Ficoll, and 20% FCS at 37°C for 1min. Next, embryos were moved to 0.5mL of 0.5M sucrose, 10% Ficoll, and 20% FCS at 20°C for 3min. Finally, embryos were transferred to 0.5mL of FOCMH for 5min at 37°C. All warmed embryos were cultured in medium, optimized for feline embryos, with 5% FCS and evaluated for re-expansion of the blastocoele and progression in development at 24 and 48h. Results are from five replicates. Embryos vitrified in EG exhibited higher percentages of viable embryos 24h after warming (84%) than embryos vitrified in PrOH (59%; P<0.05). The continued embryonic growth of viable embryos after culture for 48h showed equivalent developmental rates, at 87, 96, and 100% for control, EG-treated, and PrOH-treated embryos, respectively (P>0.05). Results indicate EG is a more successful CP treatment for vitrification of feline embryos when evaluating viability 24h post-warming. We report a higher viability of embryos post-thaw than previous studies using the same CPs (Pope et al. 2012 Reprod. Domest. Anim. 47, 125). This may be due to the shorter exposure time to the CPs we used during the vitrification process. We conclude that EG and PrOH are effective CPs for Day 7 feline IVP embryos using this protocol. Further research is needed to increase treatment numbers and evaluate pregnancy rates from embryos transferred post-warming.
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Dross S, Peterson C, O’Connor M, Tunggal H, Li J, Jerome K, Kiem H, Felber B, Mullins J, Fuller D. HIV persistence despite reservoir decay during combinatorial immunotherapy including therapeutic conserved elements (CE) DNA vaccination, αPD-1 therapy, GS-986 TLR7-agonism, and CCR5 gene-edited CD4 T cell infusion in rhesus macaques. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Perl J, Fuller D, Boudville N, Pisoni R, Johnson D. SUN-079 INTERNATIONAL VARIATION IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS-RELATED PERITONITIS RATES AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES: THE PERITONEAL DIALYSIS OUTCOMES AND PRACTICE PATTERNS STUDY (PDOPPS). Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Howell S, Hoeks S, West R, Wheatcroft S, Hoeft A, Leva B, Plichon B, Damster S, Momeni M, Watremez C, Kahn D, Dincq AS, Danila A, Wittmann M, Struck R, Rüddel T, Kessler F, Rasche S, Matsota P, Hasani A, Gudaityte J, Karbonskiene A, Ferreira R, Carvalho S, Tomescu D, Martac C, Grintescu I, Mirea L, Serrano L, Serrano L, Sierra P, Sabaté S, Hernando D, Matute P, Trashorras M, Suñé M, Sarmiento L, Hervias A, González O, Hermina A, González O, Hermina A, Navarro Perez R, Orts M, Fernandez-Garcia R, Sanchez Pérez D, Sepulveda Gil I, Monedero P, Hidalgo F, Mbongo C, Pont A, Reyes H, Bartolo C, Galera S, Valentijn T, Stolker R, Tugrul M, Emre Demirel E, Hough M, Griffiths K, Birch S, Beardow Z, Elliot S, Thompson J, Bowrey S, Northey M, Melson H, Telford R, Nadolski M, Potter A, Fuller D, Rose A, Varma S, Simeson K, Pettit J, Smith N, Martinson V, Sleight L, Naylor C, Watt P, Raymode P, Dunk N, Twohey L, Hollos L, Davies S, Gibson A, Coleman Z, Tamm T, Joscak J, Zsisku L, Zuleika M, Carvalho P, Collyer T, Ryan J, Colling K, Dharmarajah S, Krishnan A, Paddle J, Fouracres A, Arnell K, Muhammad K. Prospective observational cohort study of the association between antiplatelet therapy, bleeding and thrombosis in patients with coronary stents undergoing noncardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:170-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Fuller D, Kane B, Medbery C, Underhill K, Gray J, Peddada A, Chen R. OC-0504: 5-year efficacy and quality of life outcomes of a multi-institutional HDR-Like prostate SBRT trial. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dross S, Munson P, Gervassi A, Horton H, Fuller D. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells decrease T-cell responses to viral antigens and therapeutic conserved elements DNA vaccine and increase following analytic treatment interruption. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Verkooijen H, Kerkmeijer L, Fuller D, Huddart R, Faivre-Finn C, Verheij M, Sahgal A, Hall E, van Vulpen M. Evaluation of innovation in radiation oncology: R-IDEAL. Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rivers C, Beqaj S, Schwebke J, Lebed J, Smith B, Farrell M, Nyirjesy P, Davis T, Fuller D, Fife K. 17: Comparative analysis of ESwab™ and standard collection systems for nugent scoring in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Belley-Montfort L, Lebed J, Smith B, Farrell M, Schwebke J, Nyirjesy P, Davis T, Fuller D, Fife K, Beqaj SS. P248 Sensitivity of the amsel’s criteria compared to the nugent score in absence and in presence of trichomonas vaginalis(TV) and/or candidaSPP among women with symptomatic vaginitis/vaginosis. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052126.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Van Der Pol B, Daniel G, Williams J, Fuller D, Davis T, Taylor S, Hook E. O22 Performance of the BD max™ CT/GC/TV assay for detection of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomonas. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052126.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hoffmann B, Gullett JP, Hill HF, Fuller D, Westergaard MC, Hosek WT, Smith JA. Bedside ultrasound of the neck confirms endotracheal tube position in emergency intubations. Ultraschall Med 2014; 35:451-458. [PMID: 25014479 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1366014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In controlled environments such as the operating room, bedside ultrasound (BUS) of the neck has shown high accuracy for distinguishing endotracheal (ETI) from esophageal intubations. We sought to determine the accuracy of BUS for endotracheal tube (ETT) position in the emergency department (ED) setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the utility of BUS in a single-center observational study in an ED setting. BUS was performed either simultaneously with ED intubation (S/ED), within < 3 minutes of ED intubation (A/ED), or in < 3 minutes of patient's ED arrival after pre-hospital intubation (A/EMS). Trained ED providers performed BUS; intubators were blinded to ultrasound findings. We used Cormack and Lehane categories (CL) to classify intubation attempts as "easy" (CL-I/II), "moderate" (CL-III) and "difficult" (CL-IV). Additional data included the diagnostic accuracy of the sonographer and intubator compared to the clinical outcome, anatomy identified by sonography and time to diagnosis. RESULTS During a 10-month period, 89 subjects with 115 intubation attempts were included in the study, and 86 patients/101 attempts with complete data were used in the study (63-easy, 19-moderate, 19-difficult). The sonographers achieved 100 % accuracy with respect to determining the correct ETT position utilizing an anterior neck approach, while the intubators' accuracy in assessing correct tube location was 97 % compared to the clinical outcome. A blinded review of sonography findings confirmed all BUS anatomical findings. A sonographically empty esophagus was 100 % specific for endotracheal intubation, and a "double trachea sign" was 100 % sensitive and 91 % specific for esophageal intubation. The sonographic time to diagnosis was significantly faster than the intubator time to diagnosis ("easy" p < 0.001; n = 47; "moderate" p = 0.001; n = 15; "difficult" p < 0.001; n = 19); Wilcoxon test; A/EMS cases excluded). CONCLUSION In this emergency setting, ultrasound determined ETT locations rapidly with 100 % accuracy and independently of the CL-category.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hoffmann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston
| | - J P Gullett
- Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - H F Hill
- Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
| | - D Fuller
- Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Associates, Germantown
| | - M C Westergaard
- Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison
| | - W T Hosek
- Emergency Medicine, Onslow Memorial Hospital, Jacksonville
| | - J A Smith
- Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester
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Pol BVD, Williams JA, Eddleman L, Fuller D, Taylor S, Schwebke J, Lebed J, Smith B, Nye M, Gaydos C. P5.093 Evaluation of a New Amplified DNA Assay on the Becton Dickinson Viper System in Extracted Mode For the Detection of Trichomonas Vaginalisfrom Vaginal Specimens. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Schwebke JR, Fuller D, Taylor S, Lebed J, Smith B, Pol BVD, Nye M, Rivers C, Aycock C, Gaydos C. P2.074 Comparison of Specimen Type For the Diagnosis of TrichomonasVaginalis(TV) Using the Viper TMSystem is Extracted Mode. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Taylor SN, Smith B, Schwebke J, Lebed J, Fuller D, Lillis R, Gaydos CA, Pol BVD, Nye M, Body B. P2.075 Evaluation of Female Urine and Vaginal Swabs Using the BD ProbeTec™ Trichomonas VaginalisQ xAmplified DNA Assay on the BD Viper™ System in Extracted Mode and a Cleared NAAT TV Assay as Compared to PIS. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fuller D, Gauvin L, Kestens Y, Daniel M, Morency P, Drouin L. Sociodemographic correlates of public bicycle share program use: An intercept survey of users in Montreal, Canada. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Katz A, Freeman D, Aronovitz J, Fuller D, Bolzicco G, Meier R, Collins S, Wang J, Steinberg M, King C. Five-year Biochemical Control Rates for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Organ-confined Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Pooled Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yoshida T, Yamashita M, Hayashi M, Pletinck A, Glorieux G, Schepers E, Van Landschoot M, Van de Voorde J, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R, Yagi Y, Ito S, Goto S, Osaka M, Yoshida M, Pisoni R, Pisoni R, Fuller D, Fluck R, Fort J, Locatelli F, Spergel L, Goodkin D, Port F, Robinson B, Wilson S, Robertson J, Chen G, Goel P, Benner D, Krishnan M, Mayne T, Nissenson A. Vascular damage and access in CKD. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hage CA, Ribes JA, Wengenack NL, Baddour LM, Assi M, McKinsey DS, Hammoud K, Alapat D, Babady NE, Parker M, Fuller D, Noor A, Davis TE, Rodgers M, Connolly PA, El Haddad B, Wheat LJ. A Multicenter Evaluation of Tests for Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 53:448-54. [PMID: 21810734 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chadi A Hage
- Pulmonary-Critical Care Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
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Muniruzzaman M, Mardirossian G, Fuller D, Giap H. SU-GG-T-150: Accelerated Partial Breast Robotic IMRT with CyberKnife: Case Study and Clinical Experience. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Muniruzzaman M, Mardirossian G, Lee C, Jin H, Fuller D. SU-FF-T-575: Prostate Treatment with CyberKnife: Comparison of Virtual HDR and Homogeneous Dose Plans and the Effect of Tissue Inhomogeneity. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mardirossian G, Muniruzzaman M, Lee C, Jin H, Fuller D. SU-FF-T-440: Validation of Accuray Multi Plan Monte Carlo Treatment Plans. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nicks C, Morgan D, Fuller D, Caputo J. The Influence of Respiratory Muscle Training Upon Intermittent Exercise Performance. Int J Sports Med 2008; 30:16-21. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Particle-mediated or "gene gun" technology has been developed as a nonviral method for gene transfer into various mammalian tissues. Gene delivery is achieved by physical force: a strong shock wave is generated that accelerates DNA-coated gold particles to high speeds, providing them with the momentum needed to penetrate the targeted cells. This unit describes general procedures for in vivo and in vitro DNA and RNA transfections by particle-mediated delivery. The Basic Protocol and an alternate protocol address in vivo delivery to mouse skin. In vitro delivery to cryopreserved and adherent cells is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Yang
- Auragen, Inc, Middleton, Wisconsin, USA
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Yu Y, Podder TK, Zhang YD, Ng WS, Misic V, Sherman J, Fuller D, Rubens DJ, Strang JG, Brasacchio RA, Messing EM. Robotic system for prostate brachytherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 12:366-70. [PMID: 18066952 DOI: 10.3109/10929080701746926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In contemporary brachytherapy procedures, needle placement at the desired target is challenging for a variety of reasons. A robot-assisted brachytherapy system can potentially improve needle placement and seed delivery, resulting in enhanced therapeutic outcome. In this paper we present a robotic system with 16 degrees of freedom (DOF) (9 DOF for the positioning module and 7 DOF for the surgery module) that has been developed and fabricated for prostate brachytherapy. Strategies to reduce needle deflection and target movement were incorporated after extensive experimental validation. Provision for needle motion and force feedback was included in the system to improve robot control and seed delivery. Preliminary experimental results reveal that the prototype system is sufficiently accurate in placing brachytherapy needles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
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Podder TK, Sherman J, Messing EM, Rubens DJ, Fuller D, Strang JG, Brasacchio RA, Yu Y. Needle insertion force estimation model using procedure-specific and patient-specific criteria. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2008; 2006:555-8. [PMID: 17945984 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Placement accuracy of different types of surgical needles in soft biological tissues depends on a variety of factors. The needles used for prostate brachytherapy procedures are typically about 200 mm in length and 1.27-1.47 mm in diameter. These needles are prone to deflection and thereby depositing the seeds at a location other than the planned one. Thus tumorous tissues may not receive the planned dose whereas the critical organs may be over-dosed. A significant amount of needle deflection and target movement is related to some procedure-specific criteria and some patient-specific criteria. In this paper we have developed needle insertion force models taking both procedure-specific criteria and patient-specific criteria. These statistical models can be used to estimate the force that the needle will experience during insertion and thereby control the needle to reduce the needle deflection and enhance seed delivery accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Podder
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Podder TK, Clark DP, Fuller D, Sherman J, Ng WS, Liao L, Rubens DJ, Strang JG, Messing EM, Zhang YD, Yu Y. Effects of velocity modulation during surgical needle insertion. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2005:5766-70. [PMID: 17281568 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1615798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Precise interstitial intervention is essential for many medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. But accurate insertion and placement of surgical needle in soft tissue is quite challenging. The understanding of the interaction between surgical needle and soft tissue is very important to develop new devices and systems to achieve better accuracy and to deliver quality treatment. In this paper we present the effects of velocity (linear, rotational, and oscillatory) modulation on needle force and target deflection. We have experimentally verified our hypothesis that needle insertion with continuous rotation reduces target movement and needle force significantly. We have observed little changes in force and target deflection in rotational oscillation (at least at lower frequency) of the needle.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Podder
- Departents of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Yu Y, Podder T, Zhang Y, Ng W, Sherman J, Fuller D, Fu L, Misic V, Messing E, Rubens D, Strang J, Brasacchio R. SU-FF-T-52: A Robotic Platform for Image-Guided Brachytherapy (IGBT). Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2240981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Krishnan A, Asher I, Davis D, Fuller D, Okunieff P, O'Dell W. TU-C-330A-02: Patterns of Brain Tumor Recurrence Predicted From DTI Tractography. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sherman J, Podder TK, Misic V, Fu L, Fuller D, Winey B, Messing EM, Rubens DJ, Strang JG, Brasacchio R, Yu Y. Efficacy of prostate stabilizing techniques during brachytherapy procedure. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2006; 2006:563-566. [PMID: 17945985 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During the prostate brachytherapy procedure, multiple needles are inserted into the prostate and radioactive seeds are deposited. Stabilizing needles are first inserted to provide some rigidity and support to the prostate, ideally this will provide better seed placement and an overall improved treatment. However, there is much speculation regarding the effectiveness of using regular brachytherapy needles as stabilizers. In this study, we explored the efficacy of (1) two types of needles--18 gauge brachytherapy needle vs. 18 gauge hooked needle; and (2) parallel vs. angulated needle configurations to stabilize the prostate. Prostate phantom movement and needle insertion progression were imaged using ultrasound (US). The recorded images were analyzed and prostate displacement was computed from images using implanted artifacts. Experimentation allowed us to further understand the mechanics behind prostate stabilization. We observed superior stabilization by the hooked needles compared to the regular brachytherapy needles (more than 40% for parallel stabilization). Prostate movement was also reduced significantly when regular brachytherapy needles were in an angulated configuration as compared to the parallel configuration (approximately 40%). When the hooked needles were angled for stabilization, further improvement in decreased displacement was observed. In general, for convenience of dosimetric planning, all needles are desired to be in parallel and in this case, hooked needles are better suited to improve stabilization of the prostate. On the other hand, both regular and hooked needles appear to be equally effective in reducing prostate movement when they are in angulated configurations, which will be useful in robotic permanent seed implantation (PSI).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sherman
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Podder TK, Sherman J, Fuller D, Messing EM, Rubens DJ, Strang JG, Brasacchio RA, Yu Y. In-vivo measurement of surgical needle intervention parameters: a pilot study. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2006; 2006:3652-3655. [PMID: 17946194 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.259917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous intervention is essential in numerous medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In these procedures, accurate insertion of the surgical needle is very important. But precise interstitial intervention is quite challenging. Robot-assisted needle intervention can significantly improve accuracy and consistency of various medical procedures. To design and control any robotic system, the design and control engineers must know the forces that will be encountered by the system and the motion trajectories that the needling mechanism will have to follow. Several researchers have reported needle insertion forces encountered while steering through soft tissue and soft material phantoms, but hardly any in-vivo force measurement data is available in the literature. In this paper, we present needle insertion forces and motion trajectories measured during actual brachytherapy needle insertion while implanting radioactive seeds in the prostate glands of twenty five patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Podder
- Dept. of Radiat. Oncology, Univ. of Rochester Med. Center, NY 14642, USA
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Podder T, Clark D, Fuller D, Sherman J, Messing E, Rubens D, Strang J, Ng W, Yu Y. Sci-PM Fri - 05: Effects of coating on friction force during needle insertion in soft materials. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2031037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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36
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Wang P, Fuller D, O'Dell W. SU-FF-I-03: Evaluation of Computer Aided Diagnosis On Thin-Slice Pulmonary CT Images. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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37
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Podder T, Clark D, Messing E, Fuller D, O'Dell W, Rubens D, Strang J, Ng W, Sherman J, Brasacchio R, zhang Y, Okunieff P, Schell M, Liao L, Yu Y. SU-FF-T-204: In Vivo Force-Torque Measurement During Prostate Brachytherapy. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Schachter J, Hook EW, Martin DH, Willis D, Fine P, Fuller D, Jordan J, Janda WM, Chernesky M. Confirming positive results of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for Chlamydia trachomatis: all NAATs are not created equal. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:1372-3. [PMID: 15750110 PMCID: PMC1081269 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.3.1372-1373.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended confirming positive screening tests for Chlamydia trachomatis when positive predictive values are <90%. It is accepted that less sensitive tests (i.e., culture and immunoassays) should not be used to confirm the results of more sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). We show that the same principle applies when NAATs are used for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schachter
- Chlamydia Research Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., SFGH 3416, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
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Chernesky MA, Martin DH, Hook EW, Willis D, Jordan J, Wang S, Lane JR, Fuller D, Schachter J. Ability of new APTIMA CT and APTIMA GC assays to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in male urine and urethral swabs. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:127-31. [PMID: 15634960 PMCID: PMC540117 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.1.127-131.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A clinical evaluation was conducted in six North American centers to determine the ability of APTIMA CT (ACT) and APTIMA GC (AGC) nucleic acid amplification assays to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in 1,322 men by testing their urethral swabs and first-catch urine (FCU). The results obtained with ACT and AGC assays were compared to an infected patient status determined by testing the specimens with the APTIMA Combo 2 and the BD ProbeTec energy transfer multiplex assays. Symptoms did not influence the values. Positive and negative agreements of the ACT and AGC assays for individual specimens were high, with each comparator assay ranging between 94.3 and 100% for positives and 93.9 and 99.4% for negatives. The ACT and AGC assays performed on noninvasive specimens such as FCU effectively identified C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae infections in symptomatic and asymptomatic men and should be suitable for screening male populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Chernesky
- St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 4A6.
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Nguyen L, Fuller D, Lennon S, Leger F, Puozzo C. I.V. busulfan in pediatrics: a novel dosing to improve safety/efficacy for hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004; 33:979-87. [PMID: 15064687 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis was performed in 24 pediatric patients (PEDS) (0.45-16.7 years old) receiving i.v. busulfan/cyclophosphamide (i.v. Bu/Cy 4) regimen prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. I.V. Bu doses were given as a 2-hour infusion every 6 h over 4 days. Initial dosing of i.v. Bu was 1 mg/kg for children < or =4 years old and 0.8 mg/kg for patients >4 years old. Bu plasma concentrations at doses 1, 9 and 13 were analyzed through a multivariate NONMEM analysis. A close log-linear relationship between body weight (BW) and i.v. Bu clearance was demonstrated with no further age-dependency or gender effect. The interpatient coefficient of variation (CV) in Bu clearance significantly decreased from 56% (covariate-free model) to 19% (BW covariate model) and reproducible i.v. Bu exposure between doses was illustrated (intraindividual CV=9%). Based on the PPK model, a novel Bu dosing regimen (ie: doses in mg/kg adjusted to discrete weight categories) for a better AUC targeting was developed by simulation on 1000 patients. Age-based dosing was demonstrated not to be clinically relevant with i.v. Bu. Use of the new BW-based dosing appears to be more appropriate for the PEDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nguyen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Department, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, 11 rue Théron Périé, 81106 Castres Cedex, France.
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Fuller D, Hasnat M, Marks MK, Curtis N. Fever in a returned traveller. J Paediatr Child Health 2004; 40:315-6. [PMID: 15151589 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2004.00371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An 8-year-old boy, presenting with fever after returning from a visit to Papua New Guinea, was found to have typhoid, despite immunization against this disease prior to travel. This most likely represented vaccine failure, although it is also possible that he acquired the infection from overseas visitors who had stayed with his family prior to his travel, or that he contracted the disease from his father. This case highlights the importance of considering typhoid as a cause of fever in a returned traveller, even if they have been previously immunized against this disease. It also highlights that, in addition to taking the patient's travel history, information should be specifically sought about contact with visitors from overseas and the travel history of other household members.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fuller
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Ackerstaff AH, Fuller D, Irvin M, Maccracken E, Gaziano J, Stachowiak L. Multicenter Study Assessing Effects of Heat and Moisture Exchanger Use on Respiratory Symptoms and Voice Quality in Laryngectomized Individuals. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003; 129:705-12. [PMID: 14663439 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-59980301595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A multicenter study based in the United States assessed the heat-moisture exchanger effect on respiratory symptoms and “voice quality” of laryngectomees.
PATIENTS AND MEASURES: The study group consisted of 81 consecutive laryngectomees (62 men and 19 women; mean age, 66 years; age range, 45 to 89 years), with a median follow-up of 3.5 years (range, 0.5 to 24 years). A structured questionnaire was used to assess 3-month results, and tally sheets recorded the frequency of cough-expectoration during first and last trial weeks.
RESULTS: Compliance was 73% (n = 59); decrease in coughing, 68%; sputum production, 73%; forced expectoration, 60%; and need for stoma cleaning, 52% of these 59 patients. Regarding daily cough-expectoration frequency, a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.0001) was found between the first and last trial weeks. Regarding influence on voice quality, 46% of regular users reported improvement in intelligibility, 30% in loudness, 37% in fluency, and 40% in telephone intelligibility. Fourteen patients (19%) reported skin irritation, with discontinuation of 7 patients.
CONCLUSION: The observed decrease in pulmonary symptoms and improvement in voice quality confirm earlier reports from the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Spain indicating improvement in postlaryngectomy quality of life. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:705-12.)
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Booth BP, Rahman A, Dagher RN, Griebel D, Lai A, Lennon S, Fuller D, Gobburu JV. Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) modeling and simulation-derived dosing of intravenous busulfan (Busulfex) in pediatric patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9236(03)90602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lennon S, Fuller D, Booth B, Rahman A, Gobburu J, Lai A. 208A limited sampling strategy (LSS) to target systemic exposure (SE) of busulfex (Busulfan) injection (IVBU) in pediatric patients (PEDS). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1083-8791(03)80201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Akpek G, Ambinder RF, Piantadosi S, Abrams RA, Brodsky RA, Vogelsang GB, Zahurak ML, Fuller D, Miller CB, Noga SJ, Fuchs E, Flinn IW, O'Donnell P, Seifter EJ, Mann RB, Jones RJ. Long-term results of blood and marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:4314-21. [PMID: 11731514 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.23.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the long-term outcome after allogeneic (allo) and autologous (auto) blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed the outcome of 157 consecutive patients with relapsed or refractory HL, who underwent BMT between March 1985 and April 1998. Patients <or= age 55 with HLA-matched siblings were prioritized toward allo BMT. The median age was 28 years (range, 13 to 52 years) for the 53 allo patients and 30.5 years (range, 11 to 62 years) for the 104 auto patients. RESULTS The median follow-up after BMT for surviving patients was 5.1 years (range, 1 to 13.8 years). For the entire group, the probabilities of event-free survival (EFS) and relapse at 10 years were 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18% to 33%) and 58% (95% CI, 48% to 69%), respectively. According to multivariate analysis, disease status before BMT (sensitive relapse if responding to conventional-dose therapy or resistant disease if not) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.39, P < .0001) and date of BMT (HR = 0.93, P = .004) were independent predictors of EFS, whereas only disease status (HR = 0.35, P < .0001) influenced relapse. There was a trend for probability of relapse in sensitive patients to be less after allo BMT at 34% (range, 8% to 59%) versus 51% (range, 36% to 67%) for the auto patients (HR = 0.51, P = .17). There was a continuing risk of relapse or secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) for 12 years after auto BMT, whereas there were no cases of secondary AML/MDS or relapses beyond 3 years after allo BMT. CONCLUSION There seems to be a clinical graft-versus-HL effect associated with allo BMT. Allo BMT for HL also seems to have a lower risk of secondary AML/MDS than auto BMT. Thus, allo BMT warrants continued study in HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Akpek
- Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Schmidt TA, Atcheson R, Federiuk C, Mann NC, Pinney T, Fuller D, Colbry K. Hospital follow-up of patients categorized as not needing an ambulance using a set of emergency medical technician protocols. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2001; 5:366-70. [PMID: 11642586 DOI: 10.1080/10903120190939526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using hospital outcomes, this study evaluated emergency medical technicians' (EMTs') ability to safely apply protocols to assign transport options. METHODS Protocols were developed that categorized patients as: 1) needs ambulance; 2) may go to emergency department (ED) by alternative means; 3) contact primary care provider (PCP); or 4) treat and release. After education on application of the protocols, EMTs categorized patients at the scene prior to transport but did not change current practice. Hospital charts were reviewed to determine outcome of patients whom EMTs categorized as not needing an ambulance. Category 2 patients were assumed to need the ambulance if they were admitted to a monitored bed or intensive care unit. Category 3 and 4 patients were assumed to need the ED if they were admitted. RESULTS The EMTs categorized 1,300 study patients: 1,023 (79%) ambulance transport, 200 (15%) alternative means, 63 (5%) contact PCP, and 14 (1%) treat and release. Hospital data were obtained for 140 (51%) patients categorized as not needing ambulance transport. Thirteen of 140 (9%) patients who transporting EMTs determined did not need the ambulance were considered to be undertriaged: five in category 2, six in category 3, and one in category 4. Six of 13 (46%) undertriaged patients had dementia or a psychiatric disorder as one of their presenting complaints. CONCLUSION These protocols led to a 9% undertriage rate. Patients with psychiatric complaints and dementia were at high risk for undertriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Schmidt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 92701-3098, USA.
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Abstract
Cell-type specific genes were recognized by interrogating microarrays carrying Dictyostelium gene fragments with probes prepared from fractions enriched in prestalk and prespore cells. Cell-type specific accumulation of mRNA from 17 newly identified genes was confirmed by Northern analyses. DNA microarrays carrying 690 targets were used to determine expression profiles during development. The profiles were fit to a biologically based kinetic equation to extract the times of transcription onset and cessation. Although the majority of the genes that were cell-type enriched at the slug stage were first expressed as the prespore and prestalk cells sorted out in aggregates, some were found to be expressed earlier before the cells had even aggregated. These early genes may have been initially expressed in all cells and then preferentially turned over in one or the other cell type. Alternatively, cell type divergence may start soon after the initiation of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Iranfar
- Division of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Freeze HH, Lammertz M, Iranfar N, Fuller D, Panneerselvam K, Loomis WF. Consequences of disrupting the gene that encodes alpha-glucosidase II in the N-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis pathway of Dictyostelium discoideum. Dev Genet 2000; 21:177-86. [PMID: 9397534 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6408(1997)21:3<177::aid-dvg1>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have identified and disrupted the gene coding for alpha-glucosidase II in Dictyostelium discoideum. This enzyme is responsible for removing two alpha 1,3-linked glucose residues from N-linked oligosaccharides on newly synthesized glycoproteins. Mutagenesis by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) generated a clone, DG1033, which grows well but forms abnormal fruiting bodies with short, thick stalks. The strain lacks alpha-glucosidase II activity and makes incompletely processed N-linked oligosaccharides that are abnormally large and have fewer sulfate and phosphate esters. The morphological, enzymatic, and oligosaccharide profile phenotypes of the disruption mutant are all recapitulated by a targeted disruption of the normal gene. Furthermore, all of these defects are corrected in cells transformed with a normal, full-length copy of the gene. The phenotypic characteristics of DG1033 as well as chromosomal mapping of the disrupted gene indicate that it is the site of the previously characterized modA mutation. The Dictyostelium gene is highly homologous to alpha-glucosidase II genes in the human and the pig, C. elegans, and yeast. Although various cell lines have been reported to be defective in alpha-glucosidase II activity, disruption of the Dictyostelium gene gives the first example of a clear developmental phenotype associated with loss of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Freeze
- Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Sause WT, Byhardt RW, Curran WJ, Fuller D, Graham MV, Ko B, Komaki R, Weisenburger TH, Kaiser LR, Leibel SA, Brown RC. Follow-up of non-small cell lung cancer. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria. Radiology 2000; 215 Suppl:1363-72. [PMID: 11037552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W T Sause
- LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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