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van Abswoude DH, Pellikaan K, Nguyen N, Rosenberg AGW, Davidse K, Hoekstra FME, Rood IM, Poitou C, Grugni G, Høybye C, Markovic TP, Caixàs A, Crinò A, van den Berg SAA, van der Lely AJ, de Graaff LCG. Corrigendum: Kidney disease in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome: international cohort study and systematic literature review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1357219. [PMID: 38318297 PMCID: PMC10839894 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1357219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1168648.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise H van Abswoude
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Pellikaan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Naomi Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna G W Rosenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Davidse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Franciska M E Hoekstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Ilse M Rood
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of Reference 'Prader-Willi Syndrome and Obesity with Eating Disorders' (PRADORT), Nutrition Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Nutriomics, Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
| | - Graziano Grugni
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
- Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Charlotte Høybye
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tania P Markovic
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Metabolism & Obesity Service, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Center and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Assumpta Caixàs
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CERCA-ISCIII), Sabadell, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Antonino Crinò
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Reference Center for Prader-Willi syndrome, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Research Institute, Palidoro, Italy
- Center for Rare Diseases and Congenital Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Sjoerd A A van den Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura C G de Graaff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
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van Abswoude DH, Pellikaan K, Nguyen N, Rosenberg AGW, Davidse K, Hoekstra FME, Rood IM, Poitou C, Grugni G, Høybye C, Markovic TP, Caixàs A, Crinò A, van den Berg SAA, van der Lely AJ, de Graaff LCG. Kidney disease in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome: international cohort study and systematic literature review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1168648. [PMID: 37547314 PMCID: PMC10402738 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1168648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, complex, genetic disorder characterized by hyperphagia, hypotonia, delayed psychomotor development, low muscle mass and hypothalamic dysfunction. Adults with PWS often have obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early symptoms of CVD and CKD may be masked by intellectual disability and inability to express physical complaints. Furthermore, kidney diseases are often asymptomatic. Therefore, renal and cardiovascular disease might be missed in patients with PWS. Microalbuminuria is an early sign of microvascular damage in the kidneys and other vascular beds. Therefore, we screened our adult PWS cohort for the presence of elevated urinary albumin and (micro)albuminuria. Methods We retrospectively collected anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, medical history, medication use, urine dipstick and biochemical measurements form electronic patient files. In addition, we performed a systematic literature review on kidney disease in PWS. Results We included 162 adults with genetically confirmed PWS (56% male, median age 28 years), of whom 44 (27%) had DM2. None had known CVD. All subjects had normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to non-PWS reference intervals. Elevated urinary albumin or (micro)albuminuria was present in 28 (18%); 19 out of 75 (25%) had an increased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and 10 out of 57 (18%) had an increased urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio. Elevated urinary albumin was present at a young age (median age 26 (IQR 24-32) years) and was associated with an significantly higher BMI and LDL-cholesterol levels and higher prevalence of DM2, hypertension and dyslipidemia than those with normal UACR (p=0.027, p=0.019, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.011 and respectively). Conclusion Upon screening, one in every five adults with PWS had increased urinary albumin or (micro)albuminuria, early signs of microvascular disease. All had normal eGFR, according to non-PWS reference intervals, and none had a formal diagnosis of CVD. As muscle mass is low in PWS, creatinine levels and eGFR may be spuriously normal. Urinalysis in this patient group can be used as a screening tool for microvascular (kidney) disease. We propose an algorithm for the detection and management of microvascular disease in adults with PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise H. van Abswoude
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader–Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Pellikaan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader–Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Naomi Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna G. W. Rosenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader–Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Davidse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader–Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Franciska M. E. Hoekstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Ilse M. Rood
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of Reference ‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and Obesity with Eating Disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Nutriomics, Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
| | - Graziano Grugni
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
- Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Charlotte Høybye
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tania P. Markovic
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Metabolism & Obesity Service, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Center and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Assumpta Caixàs
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CERCA-ISCIII), Sabadell, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Antonino Crinò
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Reference Center for Prader-Willi syndrome, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Research Institute, Palidoro, Italy
- Center for Rare Diseases and Congenital Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aart J. van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura C. G. de Graaff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader–Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN)
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van Abswoude DH, Pellikaan K, Rosenberg AGW, Davidse K, Coupaye M, Høybye C, Markovic TP, Grugni G, Crinò A, Caixàs A, Poitou C, Mosbah H, Weir T, van Vlimmeren LA, Rutges JPHJ, De Klerk LWL, Zillikens MC, van der Lely AJ, de Graaff LCG. Bone Health in Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations Based on a Multicenter Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:59-84. [PMID: 36149817 PMCID: PMC9759176 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic syndrome, characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, and hyperphagia. Hormone deficiencies such as hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency are common. The combination of hypotonia, low physical activity, and hypogonadism might lead to a decrease in bone mass and increase in fracture risk. Moreover, one would expect an increased risk of scoliosis due to hypotonia and low physical activity. OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence and risk factors for skeletal problems (reduced bone mineral density, fractures, and scoliosis) in adults with PWS. METHODS We retrospectively collected patient characteristics, medical history, medication, biochemical measurements, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and spinal X-rays and reviewed the current literature. RESULTS We included 354 adults with PWS (median age 31 years; 43% males), of whom 51 (14%) had osteoporosis (T-score below -2.5) and 143 (54%) had osteopenia (T-score -1 to -2.5). The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis were hypogonadism, insufficient dairy intake, sedentary lifestyle, and corticosteroid use. Male sex was associated with osteoporosis (P = .005). Growth hormone treatment was not associated with osteoporosis. A history of vertebral fractures was present in 10 (3%) and nonvertebral fractures in 59 (17%). Scoliosis was present in 263 (80%), but no modifiable risk factors were identified. CONCLUSION Besides scoliosis, osteoporosis is common in adults with PWS. Based on the literature and the risk factors for osteoporosis found in our cohort, we provide practical clinical recommendations to avoid skeletal complications in these vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna G W Rosenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal
Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome,
3015 GD Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Davidse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal
Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome,
3015 GD Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Muriel Coupaye
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
| | - Charlotte Høybye
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute and
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm,
Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tania P Markovic
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Metabolism & Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred
Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of
Sydney, SydneyAustralia
| | - Graziano Grugni
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Divison of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS,
Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Antonino Crinò
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Reference Center for Prader-Willi syndrome, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Research
Institute, Palidoro (Rome), Italy
| | - Assumpta Caixàs
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Parc
Taulí, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de
Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Sabadell, Spain
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
| | - Helena Mosbah
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
| | - Tessa Weir
- Department of Endocrinology, Nepean-Blue Mountains Hospital,
Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leo A van Vlimmeren
- Department of Rehabilitation and Pediatric Physical Therapy, Radboud
University Medical Centrum, 6525 GA Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H J Rutges
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Luuk W L De Klerk
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, Sint Maartensclinic,
6500 GM Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Academic Center for Rare Bone Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
- European Reference Network for rare bone diseases (ERN BOND)
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura C G de Graaff
- Correspondence: Laura de Graaff, MD, PhD, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Erasmus
MC, University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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