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Deckert A, Runge-Ranzinger S, Banaschewski T, Horstick O, Elwishahy A, Olarte-Peña M, Faber C, Müller T, Brugnara L, Thom J, Mauz E, Peitz D. Mental health indicators for children and adolescents in OECD countries: a scoping review. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1303133. [PMID: 38414565 PMCID: PMC10898649 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This scoping review is a further step to build up the Mental Health Surveillance System for Germany. It summarizes and analyzes indicators used or described in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for public mental health monitoring in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years. Methods We searched PubMed-MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Databases, and Google Scholar from 2000 to September 2022. The search used five general keyword categories: 1) "indicators/monitoring/surveillance" at the population level, 2) "mental/psychological," 3) "health/disorders," 4) "children and adolescents," and 5) 38 OECD countries. The search was complemented with an extensive grey literature search, including OECD public health institutions and an internet search using Google. A predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria was applied. Results Over 15,500 articles and documents were screened (scientific search N = 10,539, grey literature search more than 5,000). More than 700 articles and documents have been full-text assessed, with 382 being ultimately included. Out of 7,477 indicators extracted, an initial set of 6,426 indicators met our inclusion criteria for indicators. After consolidating duplicates and similar content, this initial set was categorized into 19 topics, resulting in a final set of 210 different indicators. The analysis highlighted an increasing interest in the topic since 2008, but indicators for the younger age, particularly those aged 0 to 2 years, were less readily available. Conclusion Our research provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state of mental health indicators for children and adolescents, identifying both (1) indicators of public mental health noted in a previous scoping review on adults and (2) new indicators specific to this age group. These findings contribute to the development of effective public health surveillance strategies for children and adolescents and inform future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Runge-Ranzinger
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters Zentralinstituts für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olaf Horstick
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdelrahman Elwishahy
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margarita Olarte-Peña
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- evaplan GmbH am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Faber
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Brugnara
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- evaplan GmbH am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Thom
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Peitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Thom J, Walther L, Eicher S, Hölling H, Junker S, Peitz D, Wilhelm J, Mauz E. [Mental health surveillance at the Robert Koch Institute - strategies for monitoring the mental health of the population]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023; 66:379-390. [PMID: 36847853 PMCID: PMC9969389 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The continuous and systematic surveillance of the health of populations is fundamental for effective public health practice. In light of the growing importance of mental health within population health, a Mental Health Surveillance for Germany is being established at the Robert Koch Institute. Its aim is to continually provide reliable information on the current state and development of the mental health of the population.Three surveillance strategies are currently being pursued: 1) Regular comprehensive assessments aim to describe the mental health status of the population using a wide range of indicators and data sources and to observe long-term developments. They build on existing work in epidemiology and health services research. 2) High-frequency monitoring of a selection of indicators is used for the early detection of trends. 3) A continuous literature review collates current findings on mental health developments in the COVID-19 pandemic on a monthly basis. The latter two strategies were implemented in response to new information needs in the pandemic.This paper describes and discusses these three strategies and their functions, limitations, and potential for development. Their results are communicated through different forms of reporting and serve to identify needs for action and research in public mental health. The further development and long-term operation of the Mental Health Surveillance as a whole has the potential to facilitate the achievement of public mental health objectives and to contribute on different levels to the improvement of population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thom
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Lena Walther
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Sophie Eicher
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Heike Hölling
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Stephan Junker
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Diana Peitz
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Julia Wilhelm
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
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Mauz E, Walther L, Junker S, Kersjes C, Damerow S, Eicher S, Hölling H, Müters S, Peitz D, Schnitzer S, Thom J. Time trends in mental health indicators in Germany's adult population before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1065938. [PMID: 36908429 PMCID: PMC9995751 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1065938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to compromise mental health. Despite a large number of studies, evidence on the development of mental health in general populations during the pandemic is inconclusive. One reason may be that representative data spanning the whole pandemic and allowing for comparisons to pre-pandemic data are scarce. Methods We analyzed representative data from telephone surveys of Germany's adults. Three mental health indicators were observed in ~1,000 and later up to 3,000 randomly sampled participants monthly until June 2022: symptoms of depression (observed since April 2019, PHQ-2), symptoms of anxiety (GAD-2), and self-rated mental health (latter two observed since March 2021). We produced time series graphs including estimated three-month moving means and proportions of positive screens (PHQ/GAD-2 score ≥ 3) and reports of very good/excellent mental health, as well as smoothing curves. We also compared time periods between years. Analyses were stratified by sex, age, and level of education. Results While mean depressive symptom scores declined from the first wave of the pandemic to summer 2020, they increased from October 2020 and remained consistently elevated throughout 2021 with another increase between 2021 and 2022. Correspondingly, the proportion of positive screens first decreased from 11.1% in spring/summer 2019 to 9.3% in the same period in 2020 and then rose to 13.1% in 2021 and to 16.9% in 2022. While depressive symptoms increased in all subgroups at different times, developments among women (earlier increase), the youngest (notable increase in 2021) and eldest adults, as well as the high level of education group (both latter groups: early, continuous increases) stand out. However, the social gradient in symptom levels between education groups remained unchanged. Symptoms of anxiety also increased while self-rated mental health decreased between 2021 and 2022. Conclusion Elevated symptom levels and reduced self-rated mental health at the end of our observation period in June 2022 call for further continuous mental health surveillance. Mental healthcare needs of the population should be monitored closely. Findings should serve to inform policymakers and clinicians of ongoing dynamics to guide health promotion, prevention, and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mauz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Walther
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Junker
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Kersjes
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Damerow
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Eicher
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Müters
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Peitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Schnitzer
- Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Thom
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Peitz D, Warschburger P. Taking a closer look at mindful eating: incremental validity and importance of subfacets. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2507-2514. [PMID: 35301692 PMCID: PMC9556346 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mindful eating (ME) seems a promising approach to clarify the underlying mechanisms of mindfulness-based interventions for eating and weight-related issues. The current study aimed to investigate the incremental validity of this eating-specific approach beyond a generic conception of mindfulness and explore preliminary indication which subfacets of the multidimensional construct ME might be of particular importance in order to study them more precisely and tailor mindfulness-based interventions for eating and weight-related issues more properly. METHODS Self-report data (N = 292) were collected online. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to explore the incremental validity of ME beyond generic mindfulness, predicting maladaptive eating (emotional and uncontrolled eating) and consumption of energy-dense food. Multiple regressions were used to examine the impact of the seven different ME subfacets on the very same outcomes. RESULTS Findings demonstrated the incremental validity of ME on all outcomes. Generic mindfulness no longer predicted emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, or the consumption of energy-dense food when entering ME. The subfacet 'non-reactive stance' predicted all three outcomes significantly. For emotional and uncontrolled eating, the subfacets 'accepting and non-attached attitude toward one's own eating experience', 'eating in response to awareness of fullness', and the 'awareness of eating triggers and motives' additionally showed a significant influence. CONCLUSION ME seems a valuable approach in clarifying how mindfulness might impact eating and weight-related issues. Beyond that, it might be beneficial for upcoming interventions to strengthen specific ME subfacets, depending on the focused outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Peitz
- Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Thom J, Mauz E, Peitz D, Kersjes C, Aichberger M, Baumeister H, Bramesfeld A, Daszkowski J, Eichhorn T, Gaebel W, Härter M, Jacobi F, Kuhn J, Lindert J, Margraf J, Melchior H, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Nebe A, Orpana H, Peth J, Reininghaus U, Riedel-Heller S, Rose U, Schomerus G, Schuler D, von Rüden U, Hölling H. Establishing a Mental Health Surveillance in Germany: Development of a framework concept and indicator set. J Health Monit 2021; 6:34-63. [PMID: 35146320 PMCID: PMC8734140 DOI: 10.25646/8861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the course of the recognition of mental health as an essential component of population health, the Robert Koch Institute has begun developing a Mental Health Surveillance (MHS) system for Germany. MHS aims to continuously report data for relevant mental health indicators, thus creating a basis for evidence-based planning and evaluation of public health measures. In order to develop a set of indicators for the adult population, potential indicators were identified through a systematic literature review and selected in a consensus process by international and national experts and stakeholders. The final set comprises 60 indicators which, together, represent a multidimensional public health framework for mental health across four fields of action. For the fifth field of action 'Mental health promotion and prevention' indicators still need to be developed. The methodology piloted proved to be practicable. Strengths and limitations will be discussed regarding the search and definition of indicators, the scope of the indicator set as well as the participatory decision-making process. Next steps in setting up the MHS will be the operationalisation of the single indicators and their extension to also cover children and adolescents. Given assured data availability, the MHS will contribute to broadening our knowledge on population mental health, supporting a targeted promotion of mental health and reducing the disease burden in persons with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thom
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Diana Peitz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Christina Kersjes
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Marion Aichberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Harald Baumeister
- University of Ulm, Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy
| | - Anke Bramesfeld
- Ministry for Social Affairs, Health and Equal Opportunities of Lower Saxony
- Hannover Medical School (MHH), Institute for Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health System Research
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Gaebel
- WHO Collaborating Centre DEU-131; Rhineland Regional Council (LVR) - Klinikum Düsseldorf, Kliniken der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
| | - Martin Härter
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology
- German Network Health Services Research
| | - Frank Jacobi
- Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy
| | | | - Jutta Lindert
- University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer
- European Public Health Association, Section Public Mental Health
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Ruhr-University Bochum, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center
| | - Hanne Melchior
- National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics e.V
| | | | | | - Judith Peth
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics e.V
| | - Uwe Rose
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
| | - Georg Schomerus
- University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
| | | | | | - Heike Hölling
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
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Mauz E, Eicher S, Peitz D, Junker S, Hölling H, Thom J. Mental health of the adult population in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid Review. J Health Monit 2021; 6:2-63. [PMID: 35585856 PMCID: PMC8832373 DOI: 10.25646/9537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This rapid review examines how the mental health of adults in the general population in Germany changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a systematic literature search and included 68 publications as of July 30 2021. The underlying studies were classified according to their suitability for representative statements for the general population and for estimating changes in mental health over time. In addition, the observation period and operationalisation of outcomes were considered. The first wave of infection and the summer plateau were mapped by 65% of the studies. Studies that were particularly suitable for representative statements due to their research design showed mixed results, which tend to indicate a largely resilient adult population with a proportion of vulnerable individuals. A predominantly negative development of mental health was described by results from more bias-prone study designs. Routine data analyses showed decreases in outpatient and especially inpatient care, increased use of a crisis service, mixed results for outpatient diagnoses, incapacity to work and mortality as well as indications of shifts in the spectrum of diagnoses. As the current evidence is ambiguous, generalised statements should be reflected in favour of a differentiated view. There is a need for research on the further course of the pandemic, specific risk groups and the prevalence of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mauz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Sophie Eicher
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Diana Peitz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Stephan Junker
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Heike Hölling
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Julia Thom
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
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Mauz E, Eicher S, Peitz D, Junker S, Hölling H, Thom J. Mental health of the adult population in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid Review. J Health Monit 2021. [PMID: 35585856 DOI: 10.25646/9178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This rapid review examines how the mental health of adults in the general population in Germany changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a systematic literature search and included 68 publications as of July 30 2021. The underlying studies were classified according to their suitability for representative statements for the general population and for estimating changes in mental health over time. In addition, the observation period and operationalisation of outcomes were considered. The first wave of infection and the summer plateau were mapped by 65% of the studies. Studies that were particularly suitable for representative statements due to their research design showed mixed results, which tend to indicate a largely resilient adult population with a proportion of vulnerable individuals. A predominantly negative development of mental health was described by results from more bias-prone study designs. Routine data analyses showed decreases in outpatient and especially inpatient care, increased use of a crisis service, mixed results for outpatient diagnoses, incapacity to work and mortality as well as indications of shifts in the spectrum of diagnoses. As the current evidence is ambiguous, generalised statements should be reflected in favour of a differentiated view. There is a need for research on the further course of the pandemic, specific risk groups and the prevalence of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mauz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Sophie Eicher
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Diana Peitz
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Stephan Junker
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Heike Hölling
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
| | - Julia Thom
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
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Peitz D, Kersjes C, Thom J, Hoelling H, Mauz E. Indicators for Public Mental Health: A Scoping Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:714497. [PMID: 34646802 PMCID: PMC8502920 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.714497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To monitor population mental health, the identification of relevant indicators is pivotal. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of current indicators representing the various fields of public mental health core topics. It was conducted as a first step to build up a Mental Health Surveillance for Germany. Methods: We conducted a systematic MEDLINE search via PubMed. This search was supplemented by an extensive examination of the websites of relevant national as well as international institutions in the context of public mental health and an additional internet search via Google. To structure the data, an expert-based focus group identified superordinate topics most relevant to public mental health to which the identified indicators could be assigned to. Finally, the indicator set was screened for duplicates and appropriate content to arrive at a final set. Results: Within the various search strategies, we identified 13.811 records. Of these records, a total of 365 records were processed for indicator extraction. The extracted indicators were then assigned to 14 topics most relevant to public mental health as identified by the expert-based focus group. After the exclusion of duplicates and those indicators not meeting criteria of specificity and target group, the final set consisted of 192 indicators. Conclusion: The presented indicator set provides guidance in the field of current concepts in public mental health monitoring. As a comprehensive compilation, it may serve as basis for future surveillance efforts, which can be adjusted and condensed depending on the particular monitoring focus. Our work provides insights into established indicators included in former surveillance work as well as recent, not yet included indicators reflecting current developments in the field. Since our compilation mainly concludes indicators related to mental health in adults, it should be complemented with indicators specific to children and adolescents. Furthermore, our review revealed that indicators on mental health promotion and prevention are underrepresented in current literature of public mental health and should hence be focused on within future research and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Peitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Kersjes
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Thom
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hoelling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elvira Mauz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Mauz E, Peitz D, Kersjes C, Hölling H, Thom J. Rahmenmodell und Kernindikatoren für eine Mental Health Surveillance in Deutschland. Das Gesundheitswesen 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Mauz
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring
| | - D Peitz
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring
| | - C Kersjes
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring
| | - H Hölling
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring
| | - J Thom
- Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring
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Peitz D, Schulze J, Warschburger P. Getting a deeper understanding of mindfulness in the context of eating behavior: Development and validation of the Mindful Eating Inventory. Appetite 2020; 159:105039. [PMID: 33186622 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current research supports the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for maladaptive eating behaviors associated with obesity and eating disorders. To investigate potential underlying mechanisms at work, reliable and valid instruments that allow for an exhaustive assessment of the context-specific construct Mindful Eating (ME) are needed. Therefore, the current work aimed to develop a comprehensive inventory reflecting a wide range of ME attitudes and behaviors: The Mindful Eating Inventory (MEI). METHODS & RESULTS Study 1 describes the item pool development for an initial version of the MEI comprising various steps (compilation of items, expert ratings, focus groups and think aloud protocols by laypersons). Within Study 2, the factor structure of this initial version was explored in an online sample of N = 828 participants and the item pool was shortened via a sequential process based on statistical and content-related considerations. Exploratory factor analyses yielded a seven-factor structure. This structure could be confirmed within Study 3 on an independent online sample of N = 612 participants using confirmatory factor analysis. Criterion validity was supported by hypotheses-confirming correlations with eating-specific and global health-relevant outcomes. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that the MEI is a valid and reliable (in terms of internal consistency and retest-reliability) tool, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of various ME attitudes and behaviors within one parsimonious inventory. It further enabled us to propose a so far missing, initial scientific operational definition of this eating-specific construct, that may help to advance future research and clinical application by clarifying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Peitz
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, 14476, Germany.
| | - Julian Schulze
- Division Psychological Assessment, Differential and Personality Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Petra Warschburger
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
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Peitz D, Bernhard A, Elsener M, Kröcher O. Laboratory test reactor for the investigation of liquid reducing agents in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:084101. [PMID: 21895255 DOI: 10.1063/1.3617463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A test reactor was designed and built for investigating liquid reducing agents in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process in the laboratory. The design of the experimental setup is described in detail and its performance was evaluated. Using a glass nebulizer, liquid reducing agents were sprayed directly onto a catalyst positioned in a heated glass reactor with a length of 250 mm and an internal diameter of 20.4 mm or 40 mm. Model exhaust gases were mixed from individual gas components and were heated up to 450 °C in a heat exchanger before entering the reactor. The off-gas was analyzed using two complimentary techniques, a multi-component online FTIR gas analysis and a liquid quench gas absorption setup, to detect higher molecular compounds and aerosols. Due to the versatility of construction, processes not related to SCR, but involving three-phase reactions with gases, liquids and a catalyst, can also be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Peitz
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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