1
|
Moezzi SMM, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi M, Saloglu D, Sheikholeslami R. Machine learning insights into PM 2.5 changes during COVID-19 lockdown: LSTM and RF analysis in Mashhad. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:453. [PMID: 38619639 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This study seeks to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on air quality in the city of Mashhad employing two strategies. We initiated our research using basic statistical methods such as paired sample t-tests to compare hourly PM2.5 data in two scenarios: before and during quarantine, and pre- and post-lockdown. This initial analysis provided a broad understanding of potential changes in air quality. Notably, a low reduction of 2.40% in PM2.5 was recorded when compared to air quality prior to the lockdown period. This finding highlights the wide range of factors that impact the levels of particulate matter in urban settings, with the transportation sector often being widely recognized as one of the principal causes of this issue. Nevertheless, throughout the period after the quarantine, a remarkable decrease in air quality was observed characterized by distinct seasonal patterns, in contrast to previous years. This finding demonstrates a significant correlation between changes in human mobility patterns and their influence on the air quality of urban areas. It also emphasizes the need to use air pollution modeling as a fundamental tool to evaluate and understand these linkages to support long-term plans for reducing air pollution. To obtain a more quantitative understanding, we then employed cutting-edge machine learning methods, such as random forest and long short-term memory algorithms, to accurately determine the effect of the lockdown on PM2.5 levels. Our models' results demonstrated remarkable efficacy in assessing the pollutant concentration in Mashhad during lockdown measures. The test set yielded an R-squared value of 0.82 for the long short-term memory network model, whereas the random forest model showed a calculated cross-validation R-squared of 0.78. The required computational cost for training the LSTM and the RF models across all data was 25 min and 3 s, respectively. In summary, through the integration of statistical methods and machine learning, this research attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of human interventions on air quality dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitra Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Science, Kheradgarayan Motahar Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Didem Saloglu
- Department of Disaster and Emergency Management, Disaster Management Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Razi Sheikholeslami
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Simsek EB, Saloglu D, Aydın AA. Investigation of adsorption and biosorption features of bio-functionalized poly(GMA-Co-EGDMA) polymer beads in the treatment of nicotine from tobacco industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:65801-65821. [PMID: 37093383 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of multifunctional materials for modern enzyme immobilization is an attractive subject in advanced adsorption and biosorption applications. In the present study, the feasibility of immobilization of Lipozyme TL 100L (LPZM) on 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modified poly-(GMA-co-EGDMA) (PEGDMA) was investigated for adsorption and biosorption of nicotine from aqueous solution. Characterization tests confirmed successful immobilization of lipozyme which significantly altered thermal behavior, surface characteristics, and surface morphology of PEGDMA and PEGDMA/APTES. In addition, the immobilization yields were calculated as 85.0% and 72.0% onto PEGDMA/APTES using physical adsorption and covalent immobilization methods, respectively. The nicotine removal efficiencies were calculated to be 66.4%, 79.0%, 98.9%, and 85.7%, using raw PEGDMA, PEGDMA/APTES, PEGDMA/APTES@LPZM, and PEGDMA/APTES/GU@LPZM, respectively. For the raw PEGDMA, the Langmuir isotherm was best fitted to the adsorption data, while Langmuir-Freundich model described well the adsorption process on PEGDMA/APTES and PEGDMA/APTES@LPZM. The maximum adsorption capacities of Langmuir-Freundlich model increased from 8.118 to 17.32 mg/g after enzyme immobilization. The negative enthalpy value, ΔH° (- 10.37 kJ/mol), revealed that the nicotine adsorption on PEGDMA/APTES@LPZM was exothermic in nature, which was corroborated by the decrease observed in the number of adsorbed molecules with increasing temperature. In the kinetic experiments, the adsorption on PEGDMA and PEGDMA/APTES@LPZM reached equilibrium with the removal percentages as 66.4% and 98.9% at the end of 3 h, respectively. The nicotine adsorption performances in real water matrices were also investigated, and PEGDMA/APTES@LPZM showed satisfactory reusability with removal percentage decreased from 98.9% (1st cycle) to 83.0% (6th cycle).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bilgin Simsek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Disaster and Emergency Management Department, Disaster Management Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Alper Aydın
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ozcan N, Saygi Yalcin B, Bilgin Simsek E, Saloglu D. Removal of naproxen from wastewater using chitosan-aerogel-activated carbon biocomposites: Theory, equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, and process optimization. Water Environ Res 2022; 94:e10699. [PMID: 35259288 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the performance of chitosan-aerogel-activated carbon (CHT:AEO:AC) biocomposite as an adsorbent for the removal of naproxen from wastewater. Naproxen removal in % was 99, 33, 62, and 90 using 300 mg of raw AC, raw CHT, CHT:AEO, and CHT:AEO:AC, respectively. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin isotherm models were used to obtain adsorption isotherms. Chi-squared (χ2 ) and correlation coefficients (R2 ) values showed that the parameters of the Freundlich, Temkin, and D-R models were more suitable for naproxen adsorption than the Langmuir model for raw CHT, CHT:AEO, and CHT:AEO:AC, whereas the Langmuir model fitted well for raw AC. The adsorption of naproxen onto biocomposites was defined by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and adsorption rate constants were 0.245, 0.036, 0.075, and 0.147 mg g-1 min-1 for raw AC, raw CHT, CHT:AEO, and CHT:AEO:AC, respectively. The impact of optimum process conditions on naproxen adsorption was explored using response surface methodology. The optimum independent variables were 288.94 mg, 29.64°C, and 372.5 min, leading to a rate of naproxen removal onto CHT:AEO:AC of 90.29%. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Naproxen adsorption from wastewater using chitosan-aerogel-activated carbon biocomposite (CHT:AEO:AC) was investigated. The effects of the amount of biocomposite, temperature, and time on the adsorption were investigated. Optimization of the process conditions was carried out using the response surface methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Ozcan
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Yeşilyurt Demir Çelik Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Graduate Studies, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Berrin Saygi Yalcin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Esra Bilgin Simsek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Disaster and Emergency Management Department, Disaster Management Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kayahan S, Saloglu D. Comparison of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Raw and Cooked Turkish Artichoke Cultivars. Front Sustain Food Syst 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.761145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to determine the total phenolic compounds and antioxidants in raw and cooked Sakiz and Bayrampasa variety artichokes in parts such as inner bracts, stems, receptacles, and outer bracts. The artichokes were cooked by boiling, microwaving, and baking methods, and total phenolic compounds and antioxidants of cooked artichokes were evaluated. While TPC (total phenolic content), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine), and CUPRAC values for the leaves of raw Bayrampasa artichoke were found to be 686 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g, 478 mg TE/100 g, and 4,875 mg TE/100 g, respectively, TPC, DPPH, and CUPRAC values for stems of Sakiz artichoke were determined to be 1,579 mg GAE/100 g, 1,259 mg TE/100 g, and 3,575 mg TE/100 g. A significant increase in the content of TPC, DPPH, and CUPRAC values was observed for all cooking applications of both artichokes. DPPH and CUPRAC values increased by 11 and 43 times and 17 and 6.7 times after baking of Sakiz and microwave cooking of Bayrampasa, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, cynarine, and cynaroside content of both artichokes had an increment after all cooking applications. Chlorogenic acid content was improved 29 and 58 times after baking of Sakiz and microwave cooking of Bayrampasa, respectively.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kayahan S, Saloglu D. Optimization and kinetic modelling of microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic contents and antioxidants from Turkish artichoke. CyTA - Journal of Food 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2020.1800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kayahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yalova University, Institute of Science, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ozcan N, Saloglu D. Activated carbon embedded alginate beads for removing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen from wastewater: equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, desorption, and reusability. Water Sci Technol 2020; 81:1432-1444. [PMID: 32616695 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, activated carbon/alginate (AC/ALG) beads were successfully synthesized with different AC:ALG ratios of 1.0-3.0 (w/v) and used for the adsorption of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen from wastewater. The beads were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and adsorbent dosage, initial pH, initial naproxen concentration, and contact time in removal efficiency were investigated. Maximum naproxen removal percentage was achieved using 350 mg of AC/ALG beads with a ratio of 3.0% (w/v) within six hours and naproxen removal performance was determined to be 98.0%. Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models were fitted to the equilibrium data better than the Langmuir model. According to kinetics results, the equilibrium time for the AC/ALG beads was reached in four hours and the kinetic model was determined by the pseudo-second-order equation. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated and enthalpy of naproxen adsorption was found to be positive for all AC/ALG beads. After the adsorption process the beads can easily be regenerated by ethanol and reused within seven cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Ozcan
- Yesilyurt Demir Celik Vocational School, Department of Chemical Technologies, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey and Institute of Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaya NU, Saloglu D, Guvenilir Y. Photopolymerization of enzymatically synthesized methacrylated poly(caprolactone) with poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomer. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1594891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazif Ugur Kaya
- Polymer Science & Technology Department, Graduate School of Science Engineering & Technology, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Guvenilir
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kilic D, Karaca Balta D, Saloglu D, Temel G. Cover Image, Volume 68, Issue 3. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kilic
- Chemistry Department; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Didem Saloglu
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
| | - Gokhan Temel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kanmaz N, Saloglu D, Hizal J. Humic acid embedded chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) pH-sensitive hydrogel: Synthesis, characterization, swelling kinetic and diffusion coefficient. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1550396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nergiz Kanmaz
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Didem Saloglu
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Julide Hizal
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kilic D, Karaca Balta D, Saloglu D, Temel G. Synthesis and characterization of POSS hybrid organogels using Menschutkin quaternization chemistry. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kilic
- Chemistry Department; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Didem Saloglu
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
| | - Gokhan Temel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bilgin Simsek E, Saloglu D, Ozcan N, Novak I, Berek D. Carbon fiber embedded chitosan/PVA composites for decontamination of endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A from water. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
12
|
Abstract
Biocatalysis is a growing field in the production of fine chemicals and will most probably increase its share in the future. Enzymatic reactions are carried out under mild conditions, i.e., non-toxic solvents, low temperature and pressure, which eliminates most environmental drawbacks associated with conventional production methods. The superiority of chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity of enzymes exhibit significant advantages over conventional catalysts for production of fine chemicals, flavors, fragrances, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Enzymes can function both in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. As a result of the growing scientific and industrial interest towards green chemistry, green solvent systems, which are mainly water, supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, fluorinated solvents, and solvent-free systems have become more popular in biocatalysis. However, the activity and selectivity of an enzyme is heavily dependent on solvent properties. In this review, various green solvents were classified and some of their influential features on enzyme activity were discussed.
Collapse
|