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Zarafeta D, Kissas D, Sayer C, Gudbergsdottir SR, Ladoukakis E, Isupov MN, Chatziioannou A, Peng X, Littlechild JA, Skretas G, Kolisis FN. Discovery and Characterization of a Thermostable and Highly Halotolerant GH5 Cellulase from an Icelandic Hot Spring Isolate. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146454. [PMID: 26741138 PMCID: PMC4704807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the ultimate goal of identifying robust cellulases for industrial biocatalytic conversions, we have isolated and characterized a new thermostable and very halotolerant GH5 cellulase. This new enzyme, termed CelDZ1, was identified by bioinformatic analysis from the genome of a polysaccharide-enrichment culture isolate, initiated from material collected from an Icelandic hot spring. Biochemical characterization of CelDZ1 revealed that it is a glycoside hydrolase with optimal activity at 70°C and pH 5.0 that exhibits good thermostability, high halotolerance at near-saturating salt concentrations, and resistance towards metal ions and other denaturing agents. X-ray crystallography of the new enzyme showed that CelDZ1 is the first reported cellulase structure that lacks the defined sugar-binding 2 subsite and revealed structural features which provide potential explanations of its biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Zarafeta
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kissas
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christopher Sayer
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | | | - Efthymios Ladoukakis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail N. Isupov
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Aristotelis Chatziioannou
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Xu Peng
- Danish Archaea Centre, Department of Biology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer A. Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Skretas
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Fragiskos N. Kolisis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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