Endometrial receptivity defects MUC-1 and COX-2 polymorphisms in endometriosis

The endometrium produces MUCIN-1 (MUC-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are essential for implantation. MUC-1 is required for adhesion, while COX-2 is necessary for decidualization. Variations or polymorphisms in MUC-1 and COX-2 can lead to changes in endometrial receptivity. This study investigated the relationship between MUC-1 and COX-2 polymorphisms and endometrial receptivity in endometriosis patients. Blood DNA samples were collected from 35 patients with endometriosis and 32 healthy patients between days 19 to 24 of their menstrual cycle (secretory phase). MUC-1 polymorphism was determined using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS), and COX-2 gene polymorphism was assessed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The frequency distribution of gene polymorphisms between the two groups was compared using bivariate analysis. There were seven genotypic combinations of MUC-1 and COX-2: AAGC; AAGG; GACC; GAGC; GAGG; GGGC; GGGG. The AAGC genotype combination test was significant, with an OR=6.43 (95% CI:1.09-7.62) and p=0.01. In conclusion, combining MUC-1 and COX-2 (AAGC) genotypes results in endometrial receptivity defects in endometriosis.

Domestic Violence and Postpartum Depression

Introduction: Domestic violence occurs at all levels of society. Evidence shows that sexual, physical and psychological violence are predisposing factors of postpartum depression. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between domestic violence and postpartum depression.Methods: This research adopted quantitative method through observational with a cross-sectional study design by analyzing secondary data from SEHATI longitudinal surveillance. A total of 232 women was selected as sample  using a purposive sampling method, with the sample criterion being mothers with children <2 years old located in Purworejo District, Central Java, consisting of 16 sub-districts and 494 villages. The data   obtained were analyzed using the chi square statistical test and binomial regression test.Results: The results of the quantitative data showed that physical violence against postpartum depression (PR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.23-2.38), psychic violence against postpartum depression (PR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.44-2.54), and sexual violence against postpartum depression (PR-2.0; 95% CI = 1.54-2.65). The result of the qualitative data showed that postpartum depression occurred due to domestic violence.Conclusion: Physical, psychological and sexual violence in the household are significantly related to postpartum depression.

FACTORS INFLUENCING MATERNAL LABOR COMPLICATION IN KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGION

Background: To decrease Maternal Mortality Rate until 70 per 100,000 living birth in 2030 (SDGs) has become the health priority. In fact, the Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia is still very high, and almost two-third maternal mortality is caused by maternal labor complications.Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the factors influencing maternal labor complications in Kutai Kartanegara Region in 2017.Methods: This was a correlational study with cross sectional design. The populations in the study were women who had labor process in the area of Kutai Kartanegara Region. There were 95 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and medical records. Chi-square and logistic regression were used for data analysis.Results: Most of respondents had maternal labor complication (53.7%). The highest complication occurred was prolonged labor (58.9%). Factors influencing maternal labor complication were antenatal care, mothers age, education level, parity, and distance of pregnancy. Age was identified as the most dominant variable influencing maternal complication, with the value of OR was 5.837, which indicated that high-risk-age mothers have 5.837 times of labor complication than mothers with no risk age.Conclusion: Antenatal care, age, education, parity and distance of pregnancy had correlation with maternal labor complications, and its most dominant variable was age.

Role of family structure and parenting style in adolescent pregnancy in Surabaya, Indonesia

Objectives: To explore the relationship of family structure and parenting style with adolescent pregnancy in SurabayaMaterials and Methods: This research uses mix methods approach with case-control design and case study. Data were collected by questionnaire and in-dept interview guidelines. This study involved 46 adolescent (23 cases and 23 control) by purpossive sampling and 6 adolescents as main participants. Quantitative data were analyzed on univariable, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with multiple logistic regression with p=0,05 and CI 95%. Qualitative data were analyzed by in-depth interviewResults: Family stucture were not statistically significant (OR 10.53; CI 0.657-168.93), but socially meaningful. There is not statistically significant between parenting style with adolescent pregnancy (OR 1.191; CI 0.373-3.806). Other factors that have a significant relationship with adolescent pregnancy is education of responden (OR 559.76; CI 3.608-23026.4). There is no statis-tically significant in education father, education mother, employment status and where they living. Parenting style can be influenced by communication between parents and adolescent.Conclusions: Risk of adolescent pregnancy on people who have low education. Adolescents from extended family and single parent have a role to the incidence of teenage pregnancy.

Efektivitas Latihan Birth Ball Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif pada Primigravida

<em><span>Some problems may appear due to childbirth, such as discomfort, fear and pain. Particularly for pain in the first stage of labor, it can be severe and takes place a longer time</span><span lang="IN">, </span><span>thus, pain management is necessary. Birth ball exercise is one of nonpharmacological methods to reduce labor pain.</span><span>This was a quasi-experimental study </span><span lang="IN">t</span><span>o determine the effectiveness of birth ball exercise </span><span>is</span></em><em><span>one of nonpharmacological methods</span></em><em><span>towards the reduction of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage of labor in primigravida. Thirty eight women were recruited with consecutive sampling technique, divided into 2 groups, the treatment group given ball birth exercise in active phase of the first stage for 30 minutes for two times and the control group not given the exercise. The bivariable analysis was conducted with correlation and t-test, while the multivariable analysis used linear regression.</span><span lang="IN"> The results showed that t</span><span>he mean labor pain in the group given birth ball exercise was lower 4.5 than that in the control group at 5.4 with a p-value of </span><span lang="IN">0.01</span><span>. The extraneous variables that influenced labor pain were anxiety, husband and family support with a p-value of &lt;0.05. The multivariate analysis using Model 4 obtained an R² value of 0.49, which means that the birth ball exercise and husband and family support contributed to labor pain equal to 49%.</span><span>There were significant differences in pain intensity in active phase of the first stage of labor between primigravida who practiced birth ball exercise and those who did not. The pain intensity was lower in women practicing birth ball exercise than that in those who did not.</span></em>

Methylation status and immunohistochemistry of BRCA1 in epithelial ovarian cancer

BACKGROUND

Cancer initiation and progression are controlled by genetic and epigenetic events. One epigenetic process which is widely known is DNA methylation, a cause of gene silencing. If a gene is silenced the protein which it encodes will not expressed.

OBJECTIVES

1. Identify the methylation status of BRCA1 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)and assess BRCA1 protein expression in tumor tissue. 2. Examine whether BRCA1 gene methylation and BRCA1 protein are associated with survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

METHODS

The study design was a prospective-cohort study, conducted at Sardjito hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

RESULTS

A total of 69 cases were analyzed in this study. The data showed that the methylation status of BRCA1 in EOC was positive in 89.9%, with clear protein expression of BRCA1 in 31.9%. Methylation status and expression of BRCA1 were not prognosticators of EOC patients. Menarche, CA125 level, clinical stage and residual tumor were independent factors for prognosis.

Randomized trial of one versus two transcervical insertions of quinacrine pellets for sterilization

OBJECTIVE

To determine the relative effectiveness of single vs. two transcervical monthly insertions of 252 mg of quinacrine for female sterilization.

DESIGN

Controlled clinical study.

SETTING

Family planning clinics of 6 academic centers.

PATIENT(S)

Sexually active reproductive-age women requesting sterilization.

INTERVENTION(S)

At each of six centers 70 and 30 women were randomly assigned to receive either one or two, respectively, monthly transcervical insertions to the fundus of 252 mg of quinacrine and 75 mg of diclofenac as pellets and they were followed for 1 year.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)

Complications, side effects, and pregnancy failures.

RESULT(S)

There were no serious complications and side effects were transient and easily treated. There were 31 (7.4%) pregnancy failures in the single insertions group and 2 (1.1%) in the two insertions group, but with marked center variation.

CONCLUSION(S)

Quinacrine sterilization using two monthly insertions of 252 mg of quinacrine appears safe and reasonably effective.