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Mikelov A, Nefediev G, Tashkeev A, Rodriguez OL, Ortmans DA, Skatova V, Izraelson M, Davydov A, Poslavsky S, Rahmouni S, Watson CT, Chudakov D, Boyd SD, Bolotin D. Ultrasensitive allele inference from immune repertoire sequencing data with MiXCR. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.10.561703. [PMID: 38014266 PMCID: PMC10680553 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.10.561703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Allelic variability in the adaptive immune receptor loci, which harbor the gene segments that encode B cell and T cell receptors (BCR/TCR), has been shown to be of critical importance for immune responses to pathogens and vaccines. In recent years, B cell and T cell receptor repertoire sequencing (Rep-Seq) has become widespread in immunology research making it the most readily available source of information about allelic diversity in immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) loci in different populations. Here we present a novel algorithm for extra-sensitive and specific variable (V) and joining (J) gene allele inference and genotyping allowing reconstruction of individual high-quality gene segment libraries. The approach can be applied for inferring allelic variants from peripheral blood lymphocyte BCR and TCR repertoire sequencing data, including hypermutated isotype-switched BCR sequences, thus allowing high-throughput genotyping and novel allele discovery from a wide variety of existing datasets. The developed algorithm is a part of the MiXCR software ( https://mixcr.com ) and can be incorporated into any pipeline utilizing upstream processing with MiXCR. We demonstrate the accuracy of this approach using Rep-Seq paired with long-read genomic sequencing data, comparing it to a widely used algorithm, TIgGER. We applied the algorithm to a large set of IG heavy chain (IGH) Rep-Seq data from 450 donors of ancestrally diverse population groups, and to the largest reported full-length TCR alpha and beta chain (TRA; TRB) Rep-Seq dataset, representing 134 individuals. This allowed us to assess the genetic diversity of genes within the IGH, TRA and TRB loci in different populations and demonstrate the connection between antibody repertoire gene usage and the number of allelic variants present in the population. Finally we established a database of allelic variants of V and J genes inferred from Rep-Seq data and their population frequencies with free public access at https://vdj.online .
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Komech E, Barinova A, Shmidt E, Korotaeva T, Koltakova A, Nikitina N, Belousova E, Shapina M, Rodionovskaya S, Nikishina I, Vahlyarskaya S, Atarshchikov D, Klescheva E, Chudakov D, Lukyanov S, Zvyagin I. OP0027 AS-RELATED TCR BETA CLONOTYPES ARE PRESENT IN DIFFERENT INFLAMED TISSUES OF PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Recently a group of T-cell clones with characteristic T-cell receptor (TCR) motif was identified in peripheral blood and synovial fluid of HLA-B*27+ patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) [1-2] - a prototypic disease from a wider group of spondyloarthropathies (SpAs). Extraarticular manifestations of AS could involve skin, intestine or eye. Emerging data indicate linkage between intestinal and joint inflammation, including expression of gut-associated integrins on synovial T-cells [3-4]. However, clonal T-cell composition and presence of identical clones in different inflamed sites in SpAs remains poorly studied.Objectives:To investigate clonal T-cell repertoire and presence of AS-related TCR motif in different sites of inflammation of patients with SpA.Methods:Samples of synovial fluid (SF) were obtained from HLA-B*27+ and HLA-B*27- patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as well as gut biopsy samples from patients with AS and Crohn’s disease (AS/CD) or ulcerative colitis (AS/UC), and conjunctival swabs from patients with uveitis (Uv) and with or without articular manifestations (Table 1). Also SF and gut biopsy samples were obtained from HLA-B*27+ patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). For one patient PsA patient paired samples of SF and gut biopsy were obtained.Table 1.Detection of the AS-related motif TRBV9_CASS[V/A/L/P][G/A] [L/T/V][F/Y]STDTQYF_TRBJ2-3 in bTCR repertoires of samples from different inflamed sites of patients with SpATissueDiagnosisB27+B27-AS-related TCR motif+ among all samples from B27+ donorsSynovial fluidAS2012PsAJIAIntestinal biopsyAS/CD433 / 4AS/UCJLAConjunctival swabUv804 / 8SF and gut samples were processed to isolate mononuclear cells, while conjunctival swabs were directly lysed in the lysis buffer. CD3+ β7-intergin+ cells were isolated from SF by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Deep TCR repertoire profiling was carried out using UMI-based cDNA library preparation technology [1].Results:Identical T-cell clonotypes were detected between paired SF and gut samples of the same patient with psoriatic arthritis and intestinal inflammation. The subpopulation of β7-intergin+ SF T-cells shared significantly more identical clonotypes with gut biopsy repertoire compared to the bulk SF T-cell repertoire.Clonotypes belonging to the AS-related TCR beta motif TRBV9_CASS[V/A/L/P][G/A][L/T/V][F/Y]STDTQYF_TRBJ2-3 were detected in all inflamed tissues tested: synovial fluid, intestinal biopsies and conjunctival swabs of SpA patients (Table 1). Importantly, we observed these clonotypes exclusively in samples from HLA-B*27+ donors (n=26), but not in HLA-B27- context (n=15) with comparable analysis depth, thus confirming strong HLA-B*27-restriction of the clonotypes. The AS-related clonotypes were detected in the subpopulation of β7-intergin+ SF T-cells from HLA-B*27+ patients with PsA.Conclusion:For the first time we directly report the T-cell clonal sharing between synovial fluid and inflamed gut tissue of SpA patients. In sum our data suggests involvement of identical T-cell clones in inflammation in different anatomical sites in SpA.References:[1]Komech et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(6):1097-1104.[2]Faham et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;11(10):300-308.[3]Guggino et al.Ann Rheum Dis. Published Online First: 18 October 2019.doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216456.[4]Qaiyum et al Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(11):1566-1575.Acknowledgements:We thanks all the patients and medical personnel involved in the studyDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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Blagov S, Zvyagin IV, Shelikhova L, Khismatullina R, Balashov D, Komech E, Fomchenkova V, Shugay M, Starichkova J, Kurnikova E, Pershin D, Fadeeva M, Glushkova S, Muzalevskii Y, Kazachenok A, Efimenko M, Osipova E, Novichkova G, Chudakov D, Maschan A, Maschan M. T-cell tracking, safety, and effect of low-dose donor memory T-cell infusions after αβ T cell-depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2020; 56:900-908. [PMID: 33203952 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-020-01128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The delayed recovery of adaptive immunity underlies transplant-related mortality (TRM) after αβ T cell-depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We tested the use of low-dose memory donor lymphocyte infusions (mDLIs) after engraftment of αβ T cell-depleted grafts.A cohort of 131 pediatric patients (median age 9 years) were grafted with αβ T cell-depleted products from either haplo (n = 79) or unrelated donors (n = 52). After engraftment, patients received mDLIs prepared by CD45RA depletion. Cell dose was escalated monthly from 25 × 103 to 100 × 103/kg (haplo) and from 100 × 103 to 300 × 103 /kg (MUD). In a subcohort of 16 patients, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire profiling with deep sequencing was used to track T-cell clones and to evaluate the contribution of mDLI to the immune repertoire.In total, 343 mDLIs were administered. The cumulative incidence (CI) of grades II and III de novo acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was 5% and 2%, respectively, and the CI of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 7%. Half of the patients with undetectable CMV-specific T cells before mDLI recovered CMV-specific T cells. TCR repertoire profiling confirmed that mDLI-derived T cells significantly contribute to the TCR repertoire up to 1 year after HSCT and include persistent, CMV-specific T-cell clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Blagov
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Zvyagin
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia.,Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Larisa Shelikhova
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rimma Khismatullina
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Balashov
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Komech
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Fomchenkova
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shugay
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia Starichkova
- Department of Statistics, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Kurnikova
- Transfusion Medicine Service, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Pershin
- Transplantation Immunology and Immunotherapy Laboratory, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Fadeeva
- Transplantation Immunology and Immunotherapy Laboratory, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Glushkova
- Transplantation Immunology and Immunotherapy Laboratory, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yakov Muzalevskii
- Transfusion Medicine Service, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexei Kazachenok
- Transfusion Medicine Service, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Efimenko
- Stem Cell Physiology Laboratory, Dmitriy Rogachev National center of pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Osipova
- Stem Cell Physiology Laboratory, Dmitriy Rogachev National center of pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Novichkova
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Chudakov
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexei Maschan
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Maschan
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
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Kasatskaya SA, Ladell K, Egorov ES, Price DA, Chudakov D. T cell receptor repertoire features display universal rules for selection and plasticity in the functional CD4 T cell subsets. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.230.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Helper T cell choice of functional subset may depend on the mode and strength of T cell receptor interaction with peptide-MHC complex on antigen presenting cells. However, the extent, complexity, and homogeneity of this influence of TCR structure on the selection into a functional subset, as well as further stability of acquired clonal programs remain poorly studied. Here we present the first analysis of deep sequenced T-cell receptor repertoires of the eight effector CD4 T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th2a, Th17, Th1-17, Th22, Treg, and Tfh) from peripheral blood of 5 healthy donors, revealing unexpectedly prominent, multivariate subset-specific differences that are highly reproducible across unrelated donors. Similar analysis performed for the sorted naive CD4 T cell subsets showed that specific TCR features of Tregs (short and strongly interacting CDR3 region) are rooted in thymic selection, while differences between other subsets accumulate later upon T cell functional engagement. We next provide the first deep analysis of the plasticity of human effector CD4 subsets ex vivo. We demonstrate high plasticity within Th17 and Th22 functional subsets and prominent clonal exchange of both Th17 and Th22 with Th2. Th1-17 subset shares clones with Th1 but not with the Th17 subset. Finally, we investigate relative publicity of effector CD4 subset repertoires across donors. We reveal high publicity of Treg and Tfh, and high privacy of Th22 and Th2a repertoires, which corresponds to the number of added N-nucleotides for these subsets, suggesting their earlier fetal and evolutionary origin. Altogether, we provide the first detailed picture of distinct repertoire features, plasticity, and publicity of helper CD4 T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Ladell
- 2Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, United Kingdom
| | | | - David A. Price
- 2Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, United Kingdom
- 4Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitriy Chudakov
- 1Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Russia
- 3Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russia
- 5Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russia
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Yuzhakova D, Izosimova A, Barbashova L, Zagaynova E, Sharonov G, Chudakov D. Obtaining tumour-specific T cells in a mouse melanoma model. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz448.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Komkov A, Miroshnichenkova A, Nugmanov G, Popov A, Pogorelyy M, Zapletalova E, Jelinkova H, Pospisilova S, Lebedev Y, Chudakov D, Olshanskaya Y, Plevova K, Maschan M, Mamedov I. High‐throughput sequencing of T‐cell receptor alpha chain clonal rearrangements at the DNA level in lymphoid malignancies. Br J Haematol 2019; 188:723-731. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Komkov
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
| | - Anna Miroshnichenkova
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
| | - Gaiaz Nugmanov
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
| | - Alexander Popov
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
| | - Mikhail Pogorelyy
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Eva Zapletalova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Hana Jelinkova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Pospisilova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Yuri Lebedev
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitriy Chudakov
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Yulia Olshanskaya
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
| | - Karla Plevova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Michael Maschan
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
| | - Ilgar Mamedov
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russia
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Dmitry Rogachev National Medical and Research Centre of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology Moscow Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
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Svirshchevskaya E, Fattakhova G, Khlgatian S, Chudakov D, Kashirina E, Ryazantsev D, Kotsareva O, Zavriev S. Direct versus sequential immunoglobulin switch in allergy and antiviral responses. Clin Immunol 2016; 170:31-8. [PMID: 27471213 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Allergy is characterized by IgE production to innocuous antigens. The question whether the switch to IgE synthesis occurs via direct or sequential pathways is still unresolved. The aim of this work was to analyze the distribution of immunoglobulins (Ig) to house dust mite D. farinae and A. alternata fungus in allergic children with primarily established diagnosis and compare it to Epstein-Barr antiviral (EBV) response in the same patients. In allergy patients the only significant difference was found in allergen specific IgE, likely mediated by a direct isotype switch, while antiviral response was dominated by EBV specific IgG and low level of concordant IgA and IgG4 production consistent with a minor sequential Ig switches. Taken collectively, we concluded that sequential isotype switch is likely to be a much rarer event than a direct one.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Svirshchevskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - G Fattakhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - S Khlgatian
- Mechnikov's Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Maliy Kazenny pereulok, 5A, 105064 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - D Chudakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - E Kashirina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - D Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - O Kotsareva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - S Zavriev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Efimov G, Khlopchatnikova Z, Kuchmiy A, Kruglov A, Chudakov D, Tillib S, Nedospasov S. FRI0038 Fluorescent fusion protein for molecular imaging of TNF in mouse autoimmune disease models. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pletnev S, Shcherbo D, Chudakov D, Pletneva N, Merzlyak E, Wlodawer A, Dauter Z, Pletnev V. Far-red fluorescent protein mKate reveals pH-induced cis– transisomerization of the chromophore. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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