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Cohen P, Levy JD, Zhang Y, Frontini A, Kolodin DP, Svensson KJ, Lo JC, Zeng X, Ye L, Khandekar MJ, Wu J, Gunawardana SC, Banks AS, Camporez JPG, Jurczak MJ, Kajimura S, Piston DW, Mathis D, Cinti S, Shulman GI, Seale P, Spiegelman BM. Ablation of PRDM16 and beige adipose causes metabolic dysfunction and a subcutaneous to visceral fat switch. Cell 2014; 156:304-16. [PMID: 24439384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A clear relationship exists between visceral obesity and type 2 diabetes, whereas subcutaneous obesity is comparatively benign. Here, we show that adipocyte-specific deletion of the coregulatory protein PRDM16 caused minimal effects on classical brown fat but markedly inhibited beige adipocyte function in subcutaneous fat following cold exposure or β3-agonist treatment. These animals developed obesity on a high-fat diet, with severe insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. They also showed altered fat distribution with markedly increased subcutaneous adiposity. Subcutaneous adipose tissue in mutant mice acquired many key properties of visceral fat, including decreased thermogenic and increased inflammatory gene expression and increased macrophage accumulation. Transplantation of subcutaneous fat into mice with diet-induced obesity showed a loss of metabolic benefit when tissues were derived from PRDM16 mutant animals. These findings indicate that PRDM16 and beige adipocytes are required for the "browning" of white fat and the healthful effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cohen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia D Levy
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Dmitriy P Kolodin
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katrin J Svensson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - James C Lo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xing Zeng
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Li Ye
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Melin J Khandekar
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Subhadra C Gunawardana
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alexander S Banks
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - João Paulo G Camporez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Michael J Jurczak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- UCSF Diabetes Center and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David W Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Diane Mathis
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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