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Leelawattanachai J, Panyasu K, Prasertsom K, Manakasettharn S, Duangdaw H, Budthong P, Thepphornbanchakit N, Chetprayoon P, Muangnapoh K, Srinives S, Waraho-Zhmayev D, Triampo D. Highly stable and fast-dissolving ascorbic acid-loaded microneedles. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:612-626. [PMID: 37133325 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ascorbic acid has many benefits to the skin. Numerous attempts to promote its topical delivery show great challenges since its chemical instability and poor skin impermeability. Microneedle delivery is a simple, safe, painless and effective means to deliver therapeutic or nourishing molecules into the skin. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to develop a new formulation of ascorbic acid-loaded microneedles to enhance ascorbic acid stability by investigating an optimal amount of polyethyleneimine as an additive to the dextran-based microneedle formulation and (b) to assess microneedle properties in terms of dissolving rate, skin penetration ability, biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity. METHODS The microneedles formulated with ascorbic acid and varied polyethyleneimine concentrations were fabricated and subsequently tested for ascorbic acid stability using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The dissolution rate and skin penetration depth were investigated in porcine skin and the reconstructed human full-thickness skin model respectively. The skin irritation tests were done according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No. 439. An antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. RESULTS Among varied amounts of 0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% (w/v), the 3.0% polyethyleneimine showed the most desirable characteristics, including well-preserved shape integrity after demoulding, significantly improved stability of ascorbic acid (p < 0.001) from 33% to 96% antioxidant activity after 8 weeks of storage at 40°C, increased dissolving rate (p < 0.001) by being completely dissolved within 2 min after the skin insertion, passing skin penetration and biocompatibility tests as well as having a broad spectrum of antimicrobial property. CONCLUSION With a safety profile and enhanced properties, the new formulation of ascorbic acid-loaded microneedles shows outstanding potential as commercially available cosmetics and healthcare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeerapond Leelawattanachai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kedsara Panyasu
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kornkanok Prasertsom
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supone Manakasettharn
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Hathaiphat Duangdaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Pitchaon Budthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | | | - Paninee Chetprayoon
- Toxicology and Bio Evaluation Service Center (TBES), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kullachate Muangnapoh
- National Metal and Material Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sira Srinives
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Darapond Triampo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Tantiwiwat T, Thaiprayoon A, Siriatcharanon AK, Tachaapaikoon C, Plongthongkum N, Waraho-Zhmayev D. Utilization of Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli for the Development of Neutralizing Antibody Assay. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:598-611. [PMID: 36103078 PMCID: PMC9472194 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted from widespread infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. As new variants of concern continue to emerge, understanding the correlation between the level of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and clinical protection from SAR-CoV-2 infection could be critical in planning the next steps in COVID-19 vaccine programs. This study explored the potential usefulness of E. coli as an alternative expression system that can be used to produce a SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) for the development of an affordable and flexible NAb detection assay. We expressed the RBD of Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants in the E. coli BL21(DE3) strain and purified them from whole bacterial cells using His-tag-mediated affinity chromatography and urea-assisted refolding. Next, we conducted a head-to-head comparison of the binding activity of our E. coli-produced RBD (E-RBD) with commercial HEK293-produced RBD (H-RBD). The results of a direct binding assay revealed E-RBD and H-RBD binding with ACE2-hFc in similar signal strengths. Furthermore, in the NAb detection assay, % inhibition obtained from both E-RBD and H-RBD demonstrated comparable results in all the investigated assays, suggesting that non-glycosylated RBD produced from E. coli may offer a cost-effective alternative to the use of more expensive glycosylated RBD produced from human cells in the development of such an assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Termsak Tantiwiwat
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140 Thailand
| | - Apisitt Thaiprayoon
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140 Thailand
| | - Ake-kavitch Siriatcharanon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150 Thailand
| | - Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150 Thailand ,Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150 Thailand
| | - Nongluk Plongthongkum
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140 Thailand
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
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Taw MN, Boock JT, Sotomayor B, Kim D, Rocco MA, Waraho-Zhmayev D, DeLisa MP. Twin-arginine translocase component TatB performs folding quality control via a chaperone-like activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14862. [PMID: 36050356 PMCID: PMC9436932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway involves an inbuilt quality control (QC) system that synchronizes the proofreading of substrate protein folding with lipid bilayer transport. However, the molecular details of this QC mechanism remain poorly understood. Here, we hypothesized that the conformational state of Tat substrates is directly sensed by the TatB component of the bacterial Tat translocase. In support of this hypothesis, several TatB variants were observed to form functional translocases in vivo that had compromised QC activity as evidenced by the uncharacteristic export of several misfolded protein substrates. These variants each possessed cytoplasmic membrane-extrinsic domains that were either truncated or mutated in the vicinity of a conserved, highly flexible α-helical domain. In vitro folding experiments revealed that the TatB membrane-extrinsic domain behaved like a general molecular chaperone, transiently binding to highly structured, partially unfolded intermediates of a model protein, citrate synthase, in a manner that prevented its irreversible aggregation and stabilized the active species. Collectively, these results suggest that the Tat translocase may use chaperone-like client recognition to monitor the conformational status of its substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- May N Taw
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jason T Boock
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Belen Sotomayor
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Mark A Rocco
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Toh-ae P, Saramolee P, Chiarakorn S, Waraho-Zhmayev D, Kamthong A, Lee Nip R, Kalkornsurapranee E, Johns J, Promoppatum P, Nakaramontri Y. Enhanced photocatalysis of natural rubber foams filters boosted by modified-titanium oxide hybrid fillers: Gaseous benzene removal, antibacterial properties and air permeability. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2022.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Taw MN, Li M, Kim D, Rocco MA, Waraho-Zhmayev D, DeLisa MP. Engineering a Supersecreting Strain of Escherichia coli by Directed Coevolution of the Multiprotein Tat Translocation Machinery. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2947-2958. [PMID: 34757717 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli remains one of the preferred hosts for biotechnological protein production due to its robust growth in culture and ease of genetic manipulation. It is often desirable to export recombinant proteins into the periplasmic space for reasons related to proper disulfide bond formation, prevention of aggregation and proteolytic degradation, and ease of purification. One such system for expressing heterologous secreted proteins is the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway, which has the unique advantage of delivering correctly folded proteins into the periplasm. However, transit times for proteins through the Tat translocase, comprised of the TatABC proteins, are much longer than for passage through the SecYEG pore, the translocase associated with the more widely utilized Sec pathway. To date, a high protein flux through the Tat pathway has yet to be demonstrated. To address this shortcoming, we employed a directed coevolution strategy to isolate mutant Tat translocases for their ability to deliver higher quantities of heterologous proteins into the periplasm. Three supersecreting translocases were selected that each exported a panel of recombinant proteins at levels that were significantly greater than those observed for wild-type TatABC or SecYEG translocases. Interestingly, all three of the evolved Tat translocases exhibited quality control suppression, suggesting that increased translocation flux was gained by relaxation of substrate proofreading. Overall, our discovery of more efficient translocase variants paves the way for the use of the Tat system as a powerful complement to the Sec pathway for secreted production of both commodity and high value-added proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- May N. Taw
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mingji Li
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Daniel Kim
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mark A. Rocco
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, 130 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Sangpheak K, Waraho-Zhmayev D, Haonoo K, Torpaiboon S, Teacharsripaiboon T, Rungrotmongkol T, Poo-Arporn RP. Investigation of interactions between binding residues and solubility of grafted humanized anti-VEGF IgG antibodies expressed as full-length format in the cytoplasm of a novel engineered E. coli SHuffle strain. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6035-6048. [PMID: 35423148 PMCID: PMC8694825 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08534k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of the fastest-growing areas of biopharmaceutical industry and have been widely used for a broad spectrum of diseases. Meanwhile, the immunogenicity of non-human derived antibodies can generate side effects by inducing the human immune response to produce human anti-mouse-immunoglobulin antibody (HAMA). In this work, we aim to reduce the immunogenicity of muMAb A.4.6.1 by substitute human sequences for murine sequences. Humanized antibodies are constructed by grafting, specificity determining residues (SDR), complementary determining regions (CDR), and chimeric region of muMAb A.4.6.1, onto variable domain of Trastuzumab (Herceptin). The interactions between grafted antibodies and their target, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were theoretically investigated by molecular dynamics simulation in order to evaluate the antibodies-antigen binding behavior. The obtained protein-protein interactions and calculated binding free energy suggested that the SDR-VEGF complex presented a significantly greater binding affinity, number of contact and total number of H-bonds compared to CDR and chimeric mAbs, significantly. Moreover, the Camsol program predicted that the solubility of SDR mAb exhibits the greatest solubility. This result was supported by performing a western blot analysis of the grafted mAbs with soluble and insoluble fractions in order to evaluate their solubility, in which SDR was found to have a much lower amount of insoluble proteins. Consequently, the enhanced binding affinity and solubility of the designed SDR was achieved by the single S106D mutation using computational methods. With the aim of low immunogenicity, high solubility, and high affinity, this SDR humanized antibody was expected to have greater efficacy than murine or chimeric antibodies for future use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyani Sangpheak
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Korakod Haonoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Sarun Torpaiboon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Tarin Teacharsripaiboon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Biocatalyst and Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University 10330 Bangkok Thailand.,Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University 10330 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Rungtiva P Poo-Arporn
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 10140 Bangkok Thailand
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Akkapinyo C, Khownarumit P, Waraho-Zhmayev D, Poo-Arporn RP. Development of a multiplex immunochromatographic strip test and ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for hepatitis B virus screening. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1095:162-171. [PMID: 31864618 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This research proposes two methods for hepatitis B diagnosis including rapid testing and electrochemical assay. For the first method, a multiplex hepatitis B test strip was fabricated to serve as a rapid test for hepatitis B screening. It was developed to simultaneously test three essential serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (Anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antibody (Anti-HBc). Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were used as the signal generator on the test strip. Furthermore, a part of a paper network was incorporated on the strip for the gold-silver enhancement process. This paper network helped in decreasing the analysis time of enhancement and makes the enhancement process easier for rapid testing. The developed test strip was specific for each serological marker. The detection limits of HBsAg, Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc were obtained at 0.5, 0.3 and 0.1 μg mL-1, respectively. For the second method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied for HBsAg detection. This method was proposed for quantitative hepatitis B detection. Anti-HBs antibodies were immobilized on a carbon screen printed electrode (SPCE) via the N-ethyl-N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbo-diimide/N-hydroxy succinimide (EDC/NHS) couple reaction which reacted with the carboxyl group of the BSA cross-linked film on the electrode. The electrode modification process was characterized by EIS. A linear relationship between delta charge transfer resistance (ΔRct) and HBsAg concentration was obtained in the range of 5-3000 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of 2.1 ng mL-1. This work is appropriate for quantitative analysis because it is a simple and low-cost method to implement as the SPCE is disposable. Therefore, we hope that this research will be useful to improve hepatitis B detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutimon Akkapinyo
- Biological Engineering Program, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Porntip Khownarumit
- Sensor Technology, PDTI, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Rungtiva P Poo-Arporn
- Biological Engineering Program, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
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Meksiriporn B, Ludwicki MB, Stephens EA, Jiang A, Lee HC, Waraho-Zhmayev D, Kummer L, Brandl F, Plückthun A, DeLisa MP. A survival selection strategy for engineering synthetic binding proteins that specifically recognize post-translationally phosphorylated proteins. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1830. [PMID: 31015433 PMCID: PMC6478843 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for affinity reagents that target phospho-modified sites on individual proteins; however, generating such reagents remains a significant challenge. Here, we describe a genetic selection strategy for routine laboratory isolation of phospho-specific designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) by linking in vivo affinity capture of a phosphorylated target protein with antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli cells. The assay is validated using an existing panel of DARPins that selectively bind the nonphosphorylated (inactive) form of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) or its doubly phosphorylated (active) form (pERK2). We then use the selection to affinity-mature a phospho-specific DARPin without compromising its selectivity for pERK2 over ERK2 and to reprogram the substrate specificity of the same DARPin towards non-cognate ERK2. Collectively, these results establish our genetic selection as a useful and potentially generalizable protein engineering tool for studying phospho-specific binding proteins and customizing their affinity and selectivity. Protein phosphorylation helps to control many important cellular activities. Here the authors describe a genetic selection strategy to isolate designed ankyrin repeat proteins that bind specifically to phosphomodified targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunyarit Meksiriporn
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Morgan B Ludwicki
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Erin A Stephens
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Allen Jiang
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Lee
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Lutz Kummer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Brandl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA. .,Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Boonyalekha P, Meechai A, Tayapiwatana C, Kitidee K, Waraho-Zhmayev D. Design and construction of a synthetic E. coli protease inhibitor detecting biomachine. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:3580-3583. [PMID: 29060672 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Protease inhibitors (PIs) have been used to treat various types of symptoms or diseases. However, current PIs block the protease activity by targeting the protease active site which has been shown to be sensitive to the off-target effect due to crossreactivity with protease homologues. An alternative approach to inhibiting protease activity is to target the substrate, specifically by blocking the substrate cleavage site. We propose to employ synthetic biology approach to create a synthetic E. coli to be used as a protease inhibitor detecting biomachine that can effectively isolate intrabodies, a new generation of protease inhibitor drug. The in vivo selection system, comprised of three biological devices, i.e., protease activity detector, protease generator and protease blocking devices, is based on the ability to transport folded protein of the E. coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway and antibiotic resistance of TEM-1 β-lactamase (Bla) using as reporter protein. By linking protease degradation to antibiotic resistance, we can isolate the suitable intrabodies simply by plating cells containing appropriate devices on solid agar containing β-lactam ring antibiotics. As a proof of concept, we applied a previously isolated HIV-1 p17 intrabody (scFvp17) that binds to the C-terminus of HIV-1 matrix protein (p17) to our synthetic E. coli. This work demonstrated that binding of scFvp17 to its epitope on p17 can physically interfere with HIV-1 protease activity and inhibit proteolytic cleavage at the p17Δp24 cleavage site when expressed in the designed format. The device was optimized by varying plating conditions such as incubation temperatures, induction levels, and Carbenicillin concentrations which was used as selection pressure. The feasibility of this assay has opened the door to protease inhibitor selection which can be used for various applications such as optimization of the current protease inhibitors and selection of new ones.
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Waraho-Zhmayev D, Meksiriporn B, Portnoff AD, DeLisa MP. Optimizing recombinant antibodies for intracellular function using hitchhiker-mediated survival selection. Protein Eng Des Sel 2014; 27:351-8. [PMID: 25225416 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzu038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'hitchhiker' mechanism of the bacterial twin-arginine translocation pathway has previously been adapted as a genetic selection for detecting pairwise protein interactions in the cytoplasm of living Escherichia coli cells. Here, we extended this method, called FLI-TRAP, for rapid isolation of intracellular antibodies (intrabodies) in the single-chain Fv format that possess superior traits simply by demanding bacterial growth on high concentrations of antibiotic. Following just a single round of survival-based enrichment using FLI-TRAP, variants of an intrabody against the dimerization domain of the yeast Gcn4p transcription factor were isolated having significantly greater intracellular stability that translated to yield enhancements of >10-fold. Likewise, an intrabody specific for the non-amyloid component region of α-synuclein was isolated that has ~8-fold improved antigen-binding affinity. Collectively, our results illustrate the potential of the FLI-TRAP method for intracellular stabilization and affinity maturation of intrabodies, all without the need for purification or immobilization of the antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujduan Waraho-Zhmayev
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha-utid Road, Bangmod, Toongkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | | | - Alyse D Portnoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Abstract
In all cell types, protein homeostasis, or "proteostasis," is maintained by sophisticated quality control networks that regulate protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, aggregation, disaggregation, and degradation. In one notable example, Escherichia coli employ a proteostasis system that determines whether substrates of the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway are correctly folded and thus suitable for transport across the tightly sealed cytoplasmic membrane. Herein, we review growing evidence that the Tat translocase itself discriminates folded proteins from those that are misfolded and/or aggregated, preferentially exporting only the former. Genetic suppressors that inactivate this mechanism have recently been isolated and provide direct evidence for the participation of the Tat translocase in structural proofreading of its protein substrates. We also discuss how this discriminatory "folding sensor" has been exploited for the discovery of structural probes (e.g., sequence mutations, pharmacologic chaperones, intracellular antibodies) that modulate the folding and solubility of virtually any protein-of-interest, including those associated with aggregation diseases (e.g., α-synuclein, amyloid-β protein). Taken together, these studies highlight the utility of engineered bacteria for rapidly and inexpensively uncovering potent anti-aggregation factors.
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