1
|
Lescai F, Als TD, Li Q, Nyegaard M, Andorsdottir G, Biskopstø M, Hedemand A, Fiorentino A, O'Brien N, Jarram A, Liang J, Grove J, Pallesen J, Eickhardt E, Mattheisen M, Bolund L, Demontis D, Wang AG, McQuillin A, Mors O, Wang J, Børglum AD. Whole-exome sequencing of individuals from an isolated population implicates rare risk variants in bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1034. [PMID: 28195573 PMCID: PMC5438033 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder affects about 1% of the world's population, and its estimated heritability is about 75%. Only few whole genome or whole-exome sequencing studies in bipolar disorder have been reported, and no rare coding variants have yet been robustly identified. The use of isolated populations might help finding variants with a recent origin, more likely to have drifted to higher frequency by chance. Following this approach, we investigated 28 bipolar cases and 214 controls from the Faroe Islands by whole exome sequencing, and the results were followed-up in a British sample of 2025 cases and 1358 controls. Seventeen variants in 16 genes in the single-variant analysis, and 3 genes in the gene-based statistics surpassed exome-wide significance in the discovery phase. The discovery findings were supported by enrichment analysis of common variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data and interrogation of protein-protein interaction networks. The replication in the British sample confirmed the association with NOS1 (missense variant rs79487279) and NCL (gene-based test). A number of variants from the discovery set were not present in the replication sample, including a novel PITPNM2 missense variant, which is located in a highly significant schizophrenia GWAS locus. Likewise, PIK3C2A identified in the gene-based analysis is located in a combined bipolar and schizophrenia GWAS locus. Our results show support both for existing findings in the literature, as well as for new risk genes, and identify rare variants that might provide additional information on the underlying biology of bipolar disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lescai
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T D Als
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Q Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - M Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - G Andorsdottir
- Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - M Biskopstø
- Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - A Hedemand
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Fiorentino
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - N O'Brien
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Jarram
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Grove
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- BiRC—Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J Pallesen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - E Eickhardt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Mattheisen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L Bolund
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - D Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A G Wang
- Mental Health Centre Amager, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - O Mors
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J Wang
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - A D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH—The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- iSEQ—Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|