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Dyonisius MN, Petrenko VV, Smith AM, Hua Q, Yang B, Schmitt J, Beck J, Seth B, Bock M, Hmiel B, Vimont I, Menking JA, Shackleton SA, Baggenstos D, Bauska TK, Rhodes RH, Sperlich P, Beaudette R, Harth C, Kalk M, Brook EJ, Fischer H, Severinghaus JP, Weiss RF. Old carbon reservoirs were not important in the deglacial methane budget. Science 2020; 367:907-910. [PMID: 32079770 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Permafrost and methane hydrates are large, climate-sensitive old carbon reservoirs that have the potential to emit large quantities of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, as the Earth continues to warm. We present ice core isotopic measurements of methane (Δ14C, δ13C, and δD) from the last deglaciation, which is a partial analog for modern warming. Our results show that methane emissions from old carbon reservoirs in response to deglacial warming were small (<19 teragrams of methane per year, 95% confidence interval) and argue against similar methane emissions in response to future warming. Our results also indicate that methane emissions from biomass burning in the pre-Industrial Holocene were 22 to 56 teragrams of methane per year (95% confidence interval), which is comparable to today.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Dyonisius
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - V V Petrenko
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Q Hua
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - B Yang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - J Schmitt
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Beck
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Seth
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Bock
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Hmiel
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - I Vimont
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - J A Menking
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - S A Shackleton
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - D Baggenstos
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.,Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - T K Bauska
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,British Antarctic Survey High Cross, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - R H Rhodes
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - P Sperlich
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), 6021 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - R Beaudette
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - C Harth
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - M Kalk
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - E J Brook
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - H Fischer
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J P Severinghaus
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - R F Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Taylor KC, Mayewski PA, Alley RB, Brook EJ, Gow AJ, Grootes PM, Meese DA, Saltzman ES, Severinghaus JP, Twickler MS, White JWC, Whitlow S, Zielinski GA. The Holocene-Younger Dryas Transition Recorded at Summit, Greenland. Science 1997. [DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5339.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Taylor
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - P. A. Mayewski
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - R. B. Alley
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - E. J. Brook
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - A. J. Gow
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - P. M. Grootes
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - D. A. Meese
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - E. S. Saltzman
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - J. P. Severinghaus
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - M. S. Twickler
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - J. W. C. White
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - S. Whitlow
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - G. A. Zielinski
- K. C. Taylor, Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, NV 89506, USA
- P. A. Mayewski, M. S. Twickler, S. Whitlow, G. A. Zielinski, Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- R. B. Alley, Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- E. J. Brook, Departments of Geology and Environmental Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA
- A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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