Mananga ES, Hsu CD, Ishmael S, Islam T, Boutis GS. Probing the validity of average Hamiltonian theory for spin I=1, 3/2 and 5/2 nuclei by analyzing a simple two-pulse sequence.
J Magn Reson 2008;
193:10-22. [PMID:
18424128 DOI:
10.1016/j.jmr.2008.03.014]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 03/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the accuracy of controlling spin I=1, 3/2 and 5/2 spin systems by average Hamiltonian theory. By way of example, we consider a simple two-pulse echo sequence and compare this perturbation scheme to a numerical solution of the Von Neumann equation. For the different values of I, we examine this precision as a function of the quadrupolar coupling as well as various experimental parameters such as the pulse spacing and pulse width. Experiments and simulations on I=3/2 and I=5/2 spin systems are presented that highlight a spectral artifact introduced due to finite pulse widths as predicted by average Hamiltonian theory. The control of these spin systems by this perturbation scheme is considered by investigating a phase cycling scheme that suppresses these artifacts to zeroth-order of the Magnus expansion.
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