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Cubiss JG, Andreyev AN, Barzakh AE, Van Duppen P, Hilaire S, Péru S, Goriely S, Al Monthery M, Althubiti NA, Andel B, Antalic S, Atanasov D, Blaum K, Cocolios TE, Day Goodacre T, de Roubin A, Farooq-Smith GJ, Fedorov DV, Fedosseev VN, Fink DA, Gaffney LP, Ghys L, Harding RD, Huyse M, Imai N, Joss DT, Kreim S, Lunney D, Lynch KM, Manea V, Marsh BA, Martinez Palenzuela Y, Molkanov PL, Neidherr D, O'Neill GG, Page RD, Prosnyak SD, Rosenbusch M, Rossel RE, Rothe S, Schweikhard L, Seliverstov MD, Sels S, Skripnikov LV, Stott A, Van Beveren C, Verstraelen E, Welker A, Wienholtz F, Wolf RN, Zuber K. Deformation versus Sphericity in the Ground States of the Lightest Gold Isotopes. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:202501. [PMID: 38039485 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.202501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The changes in mean-squared charge radii of neutron-deficient gold nuclei have been determined using the in-source, resonance-ionization laser spectroscopy technique, at the ISOLDE facility (CERN). From these new data, nuclear deformations are inferred, revealing a competition between deformed and spherical configurations. The isotopes ^{180,181,182}Au are observed to possess well-deformed ground states and, when moving to lighter masses, a sudden transition to near-spherical shapes is seen in the extremely neutron-deficient nuclides, ^{176,177,179}Au. A case of shape coexistence and shape staggering is identified in ^{178}Au which has a ground and isomeric state with different deformations. These new data reveal a pattern in ground-state deformation unique to the gold isotopes, whereby, when moving from the heavy to light masses, a plateau of well-deformed isotopes exists around the neutron midshell, flanked by near-spherical shapes in the heavier and lighter isotopes-a trend hitherto unseen elsewhere in the nuclear chart. The experimental charge radii are compared to those from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations using the D1M Gogny interaction and configuration mixing between states of different deformation. The calculations are constrained by the known spins, parities, and magnetic moments of the ground states in gold nuclei and show a good agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Cubiss
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A N Andreyev
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Japan
| | - A E Barzakh
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Hilaire
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LMCE, 91680, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - S Péru
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LMCE, 91680, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - S Goriely
- Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, CP-226, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Al Monthery
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - N A Althubiti
- The University of Manchester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakakah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - B Andel
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - S Antalic
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - D Atanasov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T E Cocolios
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- The University of Manchester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Day Goodacre
- The University of Manchester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A de Roubin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G J Farooq-Smith
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- The University of Manchester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - D V Fedorov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | - D A Fink
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L P Gaffney
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L Ghys
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R D Harding
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M Huyse
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Imai
- Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - D T Joss
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - S Kreim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D Lunney
- CSNSM-CNRS, Université de Paris Sud, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - K M Lynch
- The University of Manchester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - V Manea
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Y Martinez Palenzuela
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P L Molkanov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - D Neidherr
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - G G O'Neill
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - R D Page
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - S D Prosnyak
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Rosenbusch
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R E Rossel
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - S Rothe
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M D Seliverstov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Sels
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - L V Skripnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Stott
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - C Van Beveren
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Verstraelen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Welker
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - F Wienholtz
- CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R N Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - K Zuber
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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Day Goodacre T, Afanasjev AV, Barzakh AE, Marsh BA, Sels S, Ring P, Nakada H, Andreyev AN, Van Duppen P, Althubiti NA, Andel B, Atanasov D, Billowes J, Blaum K, Cocolios TE, Cubiss JG, Farooq-Smith GJ, Fedorov DV, Fedosseev VN, Flanagan KT, Gaffney LP, Ghys L, Huyse M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Lynch KM, Manea V, Martinez Palenzuela Y, Molkanov PL, Rosenbusch M, Rossel RE, Rothe S, Schweikhard L, Seliverstov MD, Spagnoletti P, Van Beveren C, Veinhard M, Verstraelen E, Welker A, Wendt K, Wienholtz F, Wolf RN, Zadvornaya A, Zuber K. Laser Spectroscopy of Neutron-Rich ^{207,208}Hg Isotopes: Illuminating the Kink and Odd-Even Staggering in Charge Radii across the N=126 Shell Closure. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:032502. [PMID: 33543945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mean-square charge radii of ^{207,208}Hg (Z=80, N=127, 128) have been studied for the first time and those of ^{202,203,206}Hg (N=122, 123, 126) remeasured by the application of in-source resonance-ionization laser spectroscopy at ISOLDE (CERN). The characteristic kink in the charge radii at the N=126 neutron shell closure has been revealed, providing the first information on its behavior below the Z=82 proton shell closure. A theoretical analysis has been performed within relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov and nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approaches, considering both the new mercury results and existing lead data. Contrary to previous interpretations, it is demonstrated that both the kink at N=126 and the odd-even staggering (OES) in its vicinity can be described predominately at the mean-field level and that pairing does not need to play a crucial role in their origin. A new OES mechanism is suggested, related to the staggering in the occupation of the different neutron orbitals in odd- and even-A nuclei, facilitated by particle-vibration coupling for odd-A nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Day Goodacre
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- TRIUMF, Vancouver V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - A V Afanasjev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A E Barzakh
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - B A Marsh
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S Sels
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Ring
- Fakultät für Physik, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Nakada
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, I-33, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - A N Andreyev
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai-mura, Japan
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N A Althubiti
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jouf University, Aljouf P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Andel
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - D Atanasov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Billowes
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T E Cocolios
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J G Cubiss
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G J Farooq-Smith
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D V Fedorov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | | | - K T Flanagan
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- The Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - L P Gaffney
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
| | - L Ghys
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK CEN, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - M Huyse
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Kreim
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Lunney
- CSNSM-IN2P3, Université de Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K M Lynch
- The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - V Manea
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Martinez Palenzuela
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P L Molkanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - M Rosenbusch
- Universität Greifswald, Institut für Physik, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R E Rossel
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Rothe
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L Schweikhard
- Universität Greifswald, Institut für Physik, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M D Seliverstov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - P Spagnoletti
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
| | - C Van Beveren
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - E Verstraelen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Welker
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - K Wendt
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Wienholtz
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Universität Greifswald, Institut für Physik, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R N Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Universität Greifswald, Institut für Physik, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Zadvornaya
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Zuber
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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Verlinde M, Ferrer R, Claessens A, Granados CA, Kraemer S, Kudryavtsev Y, Li D, Van den Bergh P, Van Duppen P, Verstraelen E. Single-longitudinal-mode pumped pulsed-dye amplifier for high-resolution laser spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:103002. [PMID: 33138596 DOI: 10.1063/5.0017985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The In-Gas-jet Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy (IGLIS) technique relies on narrow-bandwidth, high-peak-power, short-pulse-length (≈10 ns), and high-repetition-rate laser pulses to probe, precisely and efficiently, the hyperfine structure of medium-heavy and heavy isotopes, embedded in a supersonic jet. The power and repetition rate requirements of the laser system are met by combining ≈100 W, 8 ns pulse width, 10 kHz commercial Nd:YAG pump lasers with a single-mode continuous wave seeded Pulsed Dye Amplifier (PDA). The common multi-longitudinal-mode operation of these Nd:YAG pump lasers causes, however, undesirable frequency sidebands in the output spectrum of the PDA system, hindering the attainable spectral resolution, a correct interpretation, and an accurate analysis of the hyperfine spectra. In this article, a new prototype Nd:YAG laser is presented, which combined with the PDA system is capable of providing quasi-transform-limited laser pulses at 10 kHz, with only limited losses in laser power. This system reduces any spectral sideband amplitude below a proven upper limit of 0.2% with one order of magnitude extra reduction expected based on simulations. A full characterization of both the Nd:YAG and PDA laser systems is done by studying the temporal and frequency behavior in detail. This study is finalized by a performance benchmark of this combined laser system in the hyperfine spectroscopy of copper isotopes, showcasing its applicability for future IGLIS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verlinde
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Ferrer
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Claessens
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C A Granados
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Kraemer
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yu Kudryavtsev
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Li
- Edgewave GmbH, Carlo-Schmid-Str. 19, 52146 Würselen, Germany
| | - P Van den Bergh
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Verstraelen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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