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Cappagli G, Cuturi LF, Signorini S, Morelli F, Cocchi E, Gori M. Early visual deprivation disrupts the mental representation of numbers in visually impaired children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22538. [PMID: 36581659 PMCID: PMC9800586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several shreds of evidence indicate that visual deprivation does not alter numerical competence neither in adults nor in children. However, studies reporting non-impaired numerical abilities in the visually impaired population present some limitations: (a) they mainly assessed the ability to process numbers (e.g. mathematical competence) rather than represent numbers (e.g. mental number line); (b) they principally focused on positive rather than negative number estimates; (c) they investigated numerical abilities in adult individuals except one focusing on children (Crollen et al. in Cognition 210:104586, 2021). Overall, this could limit a comprehensive explanation of the role exerted by vision on numerical processing when vision is compromised. Here we investigated how congenital visual deprivation affects the ability to represent positive and negative numbers in horizontal and sagittal planes in visually impaired children (thirteen children with low vision, eight children with complete blindness, age range 6-15 years old). We adapted the number-to-position paradigm adopted by Crollen et al. (Cognition 210:104586, 2021), asking children to indicate the spatial position of positive and negative numbers on a graduated rule positioned horizontally or sagittally in the frontal plane. Results suggest that long-term visual deprivation alters the ability to identify the spatial position of numbers independently of the spatial plane and the number polarity. Moreover, results indicate that relying on poor visual acuity is detrimental for low vision children when asked to localize both positive and negative numbers in space, suggesting that visual experience might have a differential role in numerical processing depending on number polarity. Such findings add knowledge related to the impact of visual experience on numerical processing. Since both positive and negative numbers are fundamental aspects of learning mathematical principles, the outcomes of the present study inform about the need to implement early rehabilitation strategies to prevent the risk of numerical difficulties in visually impaired children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cappagli
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Unit for Visually Impaired People (UVIP), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Melen 83, 16100 Genova, Italy ,grid.419416.f0000 0004 1760 3107Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - L. F. Cuturi
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Unit for Visually Impaired People (UVIP), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Melen 83, 16100 Genova, Italy ,grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Cognitive, Psychological, Pedagogical Sciences and of Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S. Signorini
- grid.419416.f0000 0004 1760 3107Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - F. Morelli
- grid.419416.f0000 0004 1760 3107Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy ,grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - M. Gori
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Unit for Visually Impaired People (UVIP), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Melen 83, 16100 Genova, Italy
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Ghelli F, Bellisario V, Buglisi M, Cocchi E, Bono R, Santovito A. Cytogenetic effects among workers exposed to formaldehyde. The possible role of some polymorphisms. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Formaldehyde (FA) is a human carcinogen. It is commonly used in diluted form as formalin. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) as a consequence of the exposure to FA in a hospital setting, taking into account the role of some polymorphisms in developing genotoxic damage.
Methods
CAs and SCEs assays were performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 57 pathologists enrolled in Turin hospitals (Italy) and 48 unexposed enrolled as controls. All subjects were genotyped for CYP1A1 exon 7 (A>G), CYP1A1*2A (T>C), CYP2C19*2 (G>A), GSTT1 (Positive/Null), GSTM1 (Positive/null), GSTP1 (A>G), XRCC1 (G399A), XRCC1 (C194T), XRCC1 (A280G), XPD (A751C), XPC exon 15 (A939C), XPC exon 9 (C499T), TNFα -308 (G>A), IL10 -1082 (G>A), IL10 -819 (C>T) and IL6 -174 (G>C) gene polymorphisms. Due to the little number of recessive homozygotes, we compared the dominant genotype with the combined group of heterozygotes and recessive homozygotes.
Results
Among pathologists, the mean value of personal air-FA was 64.2 µg/m3, mean significantly higher (p = 0.000) than controls (19.1 µg/m3). Similarly, pathologists showed significantly higher values of SCEs (p = 0.009) and CAs (p = 0.000) with respect to controls. In the same group, CYP2C19*2 (p = 0.011), XRCC1 (G399A) (p = 0.007), and IL10 (-1082) (p = 0.042) gene polymorphisms influenced the CAS levels, as well as those of CYP1A1 exon 7 (p = 0.010), XPD A751C (p = 0.002), XPC C499T (p = 0.040), and IL10 (-819) (p = 0.005) the levels of SCEs. In control group, CAs resulted significantly lower in CYP1A1 exon 7 dominant homozygotes (p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Our study confirms the role of FA as an inductor of genotoxicity, even when, daily, workers are exposed to low FA levels. Some genetic polymorphisms seem to have an influence in modulating the effect of FA exposure, highlighting, in occupational health studies, the role of the individual susceptibility.
Key messages
FA exposure is confirmed to be a genotoxicity inductor even at low concentrations. Some genetic polymorphisms seem to have a role in the modulation of FA exposure-related damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ghelli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - V Bellisario
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Buglisi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E Cocchi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Pediatric Residency School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - R Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Cresi F, Martinelli D, Maggiora E, Locatelli E, Liguori SA, Baldassarre ME, Cocchi E, Bertino E, Coscia A. Cardiorespiratory events in infants with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: Is there any association? Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13278. [PMID: 29266638 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory (CR) events (apnea, bradycardia, oxygen desaturation) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms often coexist in infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, leading to over-prescription of drugs and delayed discharge. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between CR and GER events. METHODS The temporal associations between CR and GER events were analyzed in symptomatic infants who underwent synchronized CR and pH-impedance monitoring. The symptom association probability (SAP) index was used to identify infants with a significant number of temporal associations. Gastroesophageal reflux characteristics and the chronological sequence of CR and GER events occurring within 30 seconds of each other were evaluated according to SAP index. KEY RESULTS Of the 66 infants enrolled, aged 29 (18-45) days, 58 had CR events during monitoring. From these 58 patients, a total of 1331 CR events and 5239 GER (24% acidic) were detected. The SAP index was positive in seven (12%) infants. These infants had greater GER frequency, duration, and proximal extent (P < .05). The number of temporal associations was 10 times greater in the positive SAP group. Gastroesophageal reflux events preceded CR events in 83% of these associations. These GER events had a higher proximal extent (P = .004), but showed no differences in pH values. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The simultaneous evaluation of CR and GER events could be useful to identify infants with severe GER and significant temporal associations between these events. Treatment of GER could be indicated in these infants, but as the GER events involved are mainly non-acidic, empirical treatment with antacids is, often, inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cresi
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - D Martinelli
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - E Maggiora
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E Locatelli
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S A Liguori
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M E Baldassarre
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - E Cocchi
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E Bertino
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A Coscia
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Drewes JH, Miller LA, Cocchi E, Chan CF, Wurz N, Gall M, Pertot D, Brennecke F, Köhl M. Antiferromagnetic Correlations in Two-Dimensional Fermionic Mott-Insulating and Metallic Phases. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:170401. [PMID: 28498688 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.170401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally study the emergence of antiferromagnetic correlations between ultracold fermionic atoms in a two-dimensional optical lattice with decreasing temperature. We determine the uniform magnetic susceptibility of the two-dimensional Hubbard model from simultaneous measurements of the in situ density distribution of both spin components. At half filling and strong interactions our data approach the Heisenberg model of localized spins with antiferromagnetic correlations. Moreover, we observe a fast decay of magnetic correlations when doping the system away from half filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Drewes
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - L A Miller
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - E Cocchi
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - C F Chan
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - N Wurz
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Gall
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - D Pertot
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Brennecke
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Köhl
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Drewes JH, Cocchi E, Miller LA, Chan CF, Pertot D, Brennecke F, Köhl M. Thermodynamics versus Local Density Fluctuations in the Metal-Mott-Insulator Crossover. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:135301. [PMID: 27715101 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The crossover between a metal and a Mott insulator leads to a localization of fermions from delocalized Bloch states to localized states. We experimentally study this crossover using fermionic atoms in an optical lattice by measuring thermodynamic and local (on-site) density correlations. In the metallic phase at incommensurable filling we observe the violation of the local fluctuation-dissipation theorem indicating that the thermodynamics of the system cannot be characterized by local observables alone. In contrast, in the Mott insulator we observe the convergence of local and thermodynamic fluctuations indicating the absence of long-range density-density correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Drewes
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - E Cocchi
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - L A Miller
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - C F Chan
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - D Pertot
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Brennecke
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Köhl
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Pertot D, Sheikhan A, Cocchi E, Miller LA, Bohn JE, Koschorreck M, Köhl M, Kollath C. Relaxation dynamics of a Fermi gas in an optical superlattice. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:170403. [PMID: 25379905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.170403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Letter comprises an experimental and theoretical investigation of the time evolution of a Fermi gas following fast and slow quenches of a one-dimensional optical double-well superlattice potential. We investigate both the local tunneling in the connected double wells and the global dynamics towards a steady state, i.e., a time-independent state. The local observables in the steady state resemble those of a thermal equilibrium state, whereas the global properties indicate a strong nonequilibrium situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pertot
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstraße 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - A Sheikhan
- HISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - E Cocchi
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstraße 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - L A Miller
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstraße 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - J E Bohn
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - M Koschorreck
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstraße 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - M Köhl
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstraße 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - C Kollath
- HISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Cocchi E, Parodi A, Rebora A. Hypertension in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Int J Dermatol 1991; 30:749-50. [PMID: 1955237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1991.tb02630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Mondani F, Granatiero M, Gasparoni A, Di Vita M, Cocchi E. [A better approach to nonodontogenic cysts]. Attual Dent 1986; 2:19-25. [PMID: 3464304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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