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Paz-García M, Povo-Retana A, Jaén RI, Prieto P, Peraza DA, Zaragoza C, Hernandez-Jimenez M, Pineiro D, Regadera J, García-Bermejo ML, Rodríguez-Serrano EM, Sánchez-García S, Moro MA, Lizasoaín I, Delgado C, Valenzuela C, Boscá L. Beneficial effect of TLR4 blockade by a specific aptamer antagonist after acute myocardial infarction. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114214. [PMID: 36916435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence indicates that the control of the inflammatory response after myocardial infarction is a key strategy to reduce cardiac injury. Cellular damage after blood flow restoration in the heart promotes sterile inflammation through the release of molecules that activate pattern recognition receptors, among which TLR4 is the most prominent. Transient regulation of TLR4 activity has been considered one of the potential therapeutic interventions with greater projection towards the clinic. In this regard, the characterization of an aptamer (4FT) that acts as a selective antagonist for human TLR4 has been investigated in isolated macrophages from different species and in a rat model of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The binding kinetics and biological responses of murine and human macrophages treated with 4FT show great affinity and significant inhibition of TLR4 signaling including the NF-κB pathway and the LPS-dependent increase in the plasma membrane currents (Kv currents). In the rat model of I/R, administration of 4FT following reoxygenation shows amelioration of cardiac injury function and markers, a process that is significantly enhanced when the second dose of 4FT is administered 24 h after reperfusion of the heart. Parameters such as cardiac injury biomarkers, infiltration of circulating inflammatory cells, and the expression of genes associated with the inflammatory onset are significantly reduced. In addition, the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, such as IL-10, and pro-resolution molecules, such as resolvin D1 are enhanced after 4FT administration. These results indicate that targeting TLR4 with 4FT offers new therapeutic opportunities to prevent cardiac dysfunction after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Paz-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Povo-Retana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael I Jaén
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego A Peraza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Zaragoza
- Departamento de Cardiología, Unidad de Investigación Mixta Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, P-11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Pineiro
- AptaTargets SL, Av del Cardenal Herrera Oria, 298, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Regadera
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María L García-Bermejo
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), RICORS2040, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Macarena Rodríguez-Serrano
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), RICORS2040, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Moro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lizasoaín
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Complutense Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Delgado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, P-11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Valenzuela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, P-11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, P-11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
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Conde E, Earl J, Crespo-Toro L, Blanco-Agudo C, Ramos-Muñoz E, Rodríguez-Serrano EM, Martínez Ávila JC, Salinas-Muñoz L, Serrano-Huertas S, Ferreiro R, Rodriguez-Garrote M, Sainz B, Massuti B, Alfonso PG, Benavides M, Aranda E, García-Bermejo ML, Carrato A. Biomarkers Associated with Regorafenib First-Line Treatment Benefits in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: REFRAME Molecular Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071710. [PMID: 33916610 PMCID: PMC8038427 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Biomarkers able to predict response and toxicity upon regorafenib therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) are critical for treatment choice, particularly relevant in fragile patients. Here, we validated for the first time 18 distinct microRNAs (miRNAs) detected in serum and primary tumor samples, three germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) genes, and low levels of Notch 1 expression in the primary tumor as predictive biomarkers of different features. Specifically, these markers were associated with a favorable response to treatment, disease stage, and relapse, as well as the appearance of asthenia. Therefore, these markers can be potentially useful biomarkers for patient stratification and for providing a more personalized and effective therapeutic strategy in fragile patients, while limiting the appearance of adverse effects. Abstract First-line treatment with regorafenib in frail metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients has shown some benefit. To accurately identify such patients before treatment, we studied blood biomarkers and primary tumor molecules. We unveiled serum microRNAs (miRNAs), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in angiogenic-related genes, and Notch 1 expression as biomarkers associated with response or toxicity. MicroRNA array profiling and genotyping of selected SNPs were performed in the blood of fragile mCRC patients treated with regorafenib. Notch 1 and CRC-associated miRNA expression was also analyzed in tumors. High levels of miR-185-5p in serum, rs7993418 in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) gene, and Notch 1 expression in biopsies were associated with a favorable response to treatment. Serum levels of miR-126-3p and miR-152-3p and tumor expression of miR-92a-1-5p were associated with treatment toxicity, particularly interesting in patients exhibiting comorbidities, and high levels of miR-362-3p were associated with asthenia. Additionally, several miRNAs were associated with the presence of metastasis, local recurrence, and peritoneal metastasis. Besides, miRNAs determined in primary tumors were associated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging. The rs2305948 and rs699947 SNPs in VEGFR2 and VEGFA, respectively, were markers of poor prognosis correlating with locoregional relapse, a higher N stage, and metastatic shedding. In conclusion, VEGF and VEGFR SNPs, miRNAs, and Notch 1 levels are potential useful biomarkers for the management of advanced CRC under regorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Conde
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Julie Earl
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Alcalá University, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (J.E.); (R.F.); (M.R.-G.); (A.C.)
- Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lorena Crespo-Toro
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Carolina Blanco-Agudo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Edurne Ramos-Muñoz
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - E. Macarena Rodríguez-Serrano
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Jose Carlos Martínez Ávila
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad San Pablo CEU, C/Julián Romea, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Laura Salinas-Muñoz
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Silvia Serrano-Huertas
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
| | - Reyes Ferreiro
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Alcalá University, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (J.E.); (R.F.); (M.R.-G.); (A.C.)
- Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Rodriguez-Garrote
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Alcalá University, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (J.E.); (R.F.); (M.R.-G.); (A.C.)
- Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), CSIC-UAM, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bartomeu Massuti
- Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Pintor Baeza, 11, 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Pilar García Alfonso
- Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28028 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel Benavides
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Oncology Department, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Córdoba, IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Laura García-Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain; (E.C.); (L.C.-T.); (C.B.-A.); (E.R.-M.); (E.M.R.-S.); (L.S.-M.); (S.S.-H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-368-075
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Alcalá University, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (J.E.); (R.F.); (M.R.-G.); (A.C.)
- Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Gómez-Dos-Santos V, Ramos-Muñoz E, García-Bermejo ML, Ruiz-Hernández M, Rodríguez-Serrano EM, Saiz-González A, Martínez-Perez A, Burgos-Revilla FJ. MicroRNAs in Kidney Machine Perfusion Fluid as Novel Biomarkers for Graft Function. Normalization Methods for miRNAs Profile Analysis. Transplant Proc 2018; 51:307-310. [PMID: 30879529 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators that have emerged as promising biomarkers in kidney transplantation. Quantification of miRNAs can be analyzed by means of biological normalization. The purpose of normalization is to remove technical variation in data, which is not related to the biological changes under investigation. Proper normalization is critical for the correct analysis and interpretation of results. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted on graft dysfunction in kidney transplantation from expanded criteria donors. After RNA extraction quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. The exogenous spike-in normalization was used as technical normalization. Relative expression was calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method and UniSp2 spike-in was used as reference for normalization. Results obtained were further analyzed by the application of the mean expression value that uses the calculated mean of all miRNAs in a given sample. RESULTS The mean expression value approach confirmed the significance of a subset of the miRNAs previously identified for delayed graft function development and composed by miRNAs miR-486-5p, miR-144-3p, miR-142-5p, and miR-144-5p. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNAs are becoming increasingly important as biomarkers in multiple disease processes including kidney transplantation. Perfusion fluid, particularly during hypothermic machine perfusion, provides a valuable pretransplantation source for identification of organ viability biomarkers. Although there is no clear consensus concerning the normalization technique, the mean expression value method shows the better normalization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gómez-Dos-Santos
- Urology Department, Surgical Urology and Transplantation Research Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
| | - E Ramos-Muñoz
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L García-Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ruiz-Hernández
- Urology Department, Surgical Urology and Transplantation Research Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - E M Rodríguez-Serrano
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Saiz-González
- Pathology Department, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Martínez-Perez
- Transplant Coordination Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Burgos-Revilla
- Urology Department, Surgical Urology and Transplantation Research Group, IRYCIS, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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