1
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Buratti BJ, Thomas PC, Roussos E, Howett C, Seiß M, Hendrix AR, Helfenstein P, Brown RH, Clark RN, Denk T, Filacchione G, Hoffmann H, Jones GH, Khawaja N, Kollmann P, Krupp N, Lunine J, Momary TW, Paranicas C, Postberg F, Sachse M, Spahn F, Spencer J, Srama R, Albin T, Baines KH, Ciarniello M, Economou T, Hsu HW, Kempf S, Krimigis SM, Mitchell D, Moragas-Klostermeyer G, Nicholson PD, Porco CC, Rosenberg H, Simolka J, Soderblom LA. Close Cassini flybys of Saturn’s ring moons Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Pandora, and Epimetheus. Science 2019; 364:science.aat2349. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aat2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Saturn’s main ring system is associated with a set of small moons that either are embedded within it or interact with the rings to alter their shape and composition. Five close flybys of the moons Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Pandora, and Epimetheus were performed between December 2016 and April 2017 during the ring-grazing orbits of the Cassini mission. Data on the moons’ morphology, structure, particle environment, and composition were returned, along with images in the ultraviolet and thermal infrared. We find that the optical properties of the moons’ surfaces are determined by two competing processes: contamination by a red material formed in Saturn’s main ring system and accretion of bright icy particles or water vapor from volcanic plumes originating on the moon Enceladus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. J. Buratti
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - P. C. Thomas
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - E. Roussos
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - C. Howett
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - M. Seiß
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - P. Helfenstein
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - R. H. Brown
- Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - R. N. Clark
- Planetary Sciences Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - T. Denk
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - H. Hoffmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - N. Khawaja
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P. Kollmann
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N. Krupp
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J. Lunine
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - T. W. Momary
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - C. Paranicas
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - F. Postberg
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Sachse
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - F. Spahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - J. Spencer
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - R. Srama
- University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - T. Albin
- University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K. H. Baines
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | | | - T. Economou
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - H.-W. Hsu
- Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - S. Kempf
- Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - S. M. Krimigis
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D. Mitchell
- Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - P. D. Nicholson
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - C. C. Porco
- Space Sciences Institute, Boulder, CO 80301, USA, and Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - H. Rosenberg
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Simolka
- University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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4
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Tai F, Li JW, Sun J, Zheng MH, Wink J, Basta M, Fischer J, Kovach S, Tall J, Håkanson BS, Pålstedt J, Thorell A, Huntington C, Cox T, Blair L, Lincourt A, Prasad T, Kercher K, Heniford BT, Augenstein V, Strömberg H, Hellman P, Sandblom G, Gunnarsson U, Hope W, Bringman S, Chudy M, Romanowski C, Jones P, Jacombs A, Roussos E, Read J, Dardano A, Boesel T, Edye M, Ibrahim N, Lyo V, Tufaga M, Shin UK, Primus F, Harris H, Iesalnieks I, Di Cerbo F, Baladov M, Ikhlawi K, Azoury S, Rodriguez-Unda N, Soares K, Hicks C, Baltodano P, Poruk K, Hu L, Cooney C, Cornell P, Burce K, Eckhauser F, Garvey E, Zuhlke T, Jaroszewski D, Egan J, Jamshidi R, Graziano K, McMahon L, Rodriquez-Unda N, Fattori L, Leva A, Coppola S, Gianotti L, Baccay F, Alemayehu H, Singh J, Lo I, Amin A, Harrington A, Benvenuti H, Cho D, George F, Cate S. Abdominal Wall Miscellaneous. Hernia 2015; 19 Suppl 1:S5-S12. [PMID: 26518860 DOI: 10.1007/bf03355319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Tai
- Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J W Li
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - J Wink
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - M Basta
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J Fischer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - S Kovach
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J Tall
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Norrtälje Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B S Håkanson
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Pålstedt
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Huntington
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - T Cox
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - L Blair
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - A Lincourt
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - T Prasad
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - K Kercher
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - B T Heniford
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | - V Augenstein
- Department of GI and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, USA
| | | | | | - G Sandblom
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - W Hope
- Dept of Surgery, New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, USA
| | - S Bringman
- Södertälje Hospital, Dept of Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - M Chudy
- Dept of Surgery, Ayr Hospital, Ayr, UK
| | - C Romanowski
- Clinical Development, ETHICON, Johnson & Johnson Global Surgery Group, Somerville, USA
| | - P Jones
- Clinical Development, ETHICON, Johnson & Johnson Global Surgery Group, Livingston, UK
| | - A Jacombs
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Roussos
- Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Read
- Castlereagh Imaging, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Dardano
- Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Florida, USA
| | - T Boesel
- Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Univeristy of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Edye
- Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Ibrahim
- Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - V Lyo
- Division of General Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - M Tufaga
- Division of General Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - U K Shin
- Division of General Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - F Primus
- Division of General Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - H Harris
- Division of General Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | - M Baladov
- Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - K Ikhlawi
- Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - S Azoury
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - N Rodriguez-Unda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicin, Baltimore, USA
| | - K Soares
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - C Hicks
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - P Baltodano
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - K Poruk
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - L Hu
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - C Cooney
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicin, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - P Cornell
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - K Burce
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicin, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - F Eckhauser
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | | | | | | | - J Egan
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, USA
| | - R Jamshidi
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, USA
| | - K Graziano
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, USA
| | - L McMahon
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, USA
| | | | - L Fattori
- Department of Surgery, AO San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | | | - F Baccay
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - H Alemayehu
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - J Singh
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - I Lo
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - A Amin
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - A Harrington
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - H Benvenuti
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - D Cho
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - F George
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
| | - S Cate
- Department of General Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
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15
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Jones GH, Roussos E, Krupp N, Beckmann U, Coates AJ, Crary F, Dandouras I, Dikarev V, Dougherty MK, Garnier P, Hansen CJ, Hendrix AR, Hospodarsky GB, Johnson RE, Kempf S, Khurana KK, Krimigis SM, Krüger H, Kurth WS, Lagg A, McAndrews HJ, Mitchell DG, Paranicas C, Postberg F, Russell CT, Saur J, Seiß M, Spahn F, Srama R, Strobel DF, Tokar R, Wahlund JE, Wilson RJ, Woch J, Young D. The Dust Halo of Saturn's Largest Icy Moon, Rhea. Science 2008; 319:1380-4. [PMID: 18323452 DOI: 10.1126/science.1151524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. H. Jones
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - E. Roussos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - N. Krupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - U. Beckmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A. J. Coates
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - F. Crary
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - I. Dandouras
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - V. Dikarev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - M. K. Dougherty
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - P. Garnier
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - C. J. Hansen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A. R. Hendrix
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - G. B. Hospodarsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - R. E. Johnson
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - S. Kempf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - K. K. Khurana
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - S. M. Krimigis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - H. Krüger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - W. S. Kurth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A. Lagg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - H. J. McAndrews
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - D. G. Mitchell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - C. Paranicas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - F. Postberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - C. T. Russell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - J. Saur
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - M. Seiß
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - F. Spahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - R. Srama
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - D. F. Strobel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - R. Tokar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - J.-E. Wahlund
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - R. J. Wilson
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - J. Woch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - D. Young
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Centre for Planetary Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Southwest Research Institute, Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
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