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Kejela E, Tesfaye G, Getachew A, Rose ES, Winful T, Eyayu Z, Martin MH, Sileshi B. Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice in an Online Faculty Development Course for Anesthesia Educators in East Africa. J Contin Educ Health Prof 2023; 43:274-278. [PMID: 37185663 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Faculty in low-resourced communities often have limited training on teaching and learning. An innovative, online, 13-week course using a flipped classroom model was developed for junior faculty anesthesiologists at teaching hospitals in East Africa and piloted in Ethiopia and Tanzania. METHODS Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed to evaluate potential change in participants' knowledge, skills, and attitudes as well as the feasibility of e-learning in the region. RESULTS Analysis of data revealed that top areas of change in participants' knowledge were in the flipped classroom approach (increased by 79%), effective mentoring practices (67%), and elements of effective course goals and objectives (58%). Leading areas of change in skills were in developing goals and objectives (72%), using case-based learning (67%), and engaging learners through PowerPoint (64%). Change in attitudes was largest in the areas of effective mentoring and strong leadership (27%), using course and lecture learning objectives (26%), and student-centered learning theory (26%). Qualitative data revealed that participants were satisfied with the course; found the structure, presentations, and delivery methods to be effective; and appreciated the flexibility of being online but experienced challenges, particularly in connectivity. DISCUSSION This evaluation demonstrated the efficacy of using e-learning in East Africa and highlights the innovation of online faculty development in a region where it has not been done before. By using participants as future instructors, this course is scalable in the region and worldwide, and it can help address limited access to training by providing a critical mass of trainers competent in teaching, mentoring, and leading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edosa Kejela
- Dr. Kejela: Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Dr. Tesfaye: Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Dr. Getachew: Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Dr. Rose: Global Health Education Specialist, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Institute for Global Health, Nashville, Tennessee. Winful: Graduate Student, Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Dr. Eyayu: Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Dr. Martin: Associate Professor, Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Dr. Sileshi: Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Demissie WR, Mulatu B, Siraj A, Hajikassim A, Kejela E, Muluken Z, Mekonin GT, Biratu M, Birhanu M, Dadi N, Kelbesa M, Belay A, Dukessa A. Pattern of Perioperative Surgical Patient Care, Equipment Handling and Operating Room Management During COVID-19 Pandemic at Jimma Medical Center. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2527-2537. [PMID: 36352855 PMCID: PMC9639398 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s372428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of COVID-19 transmission creates significant risks in surgical departments owing to the close contact of medical staff with patients, the limited physical environment of the operating room and recovery room, the possibility of shared surgical equipment and challenges in the delivery of surgical care in all surgical departments. Globally, studies have reported that the effects of the pandemic on surgical departments are profound, potentially long-lasting and extensive. To manage these effects, different local guidelines and recommendations have been developed, with potential differences in their effectiveness and implementation. Therefore, harmonized and effective national/international guidelines for specific surgical departments during perioperative periods are pertinent to curtail the infection, and will inevitably need to be adapted for consistent and sustainable implementation by all medical staff. The pattern of surgical patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), Ethiopia, has not been explored yet. The present study aimed to describe the pattern of perioperative surgical patient care, equipment handling and operating room management during the COVID-19 pandemic at JMC. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the pattern of perioperative surgical patient care, equipment handling and operating room management during the COVID-19 pandemic at JMC, using five-point Likert scales (0, not at all; 1, rarely; 2, sometimes; 3, most of the time; 4, frequently). A total of 90 respondents [35 patients (five patients from each of seven surgical departments) and 55 healthcare providers (six professionals from each of nine units, including the center of sterility room and anesthesia)] who were available during the study period, selected by a convenience sampling technique with multistage clustering, participated in the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via direct observation and face-to-face interviews with patients undergoing surgery, healthcare providers and hospital administrators, against the standard surgical patient care guidelines. The collected data were manually checked for missing values and outliers, cleared, entered into EpiData (v4.3.1) and exported to SPSS (v22) for analysis. The mean score of practice was compared among different disciplines by applying the unpaired t-test. The findings of the study were reported using tables and narration. A p-value of less than 0.05 was declared as statistically significant. RESULTS Despite the surgical care practice having changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in all service domains, it is not implemented consistently among different surgical departments owing to different barriers (lack of training on the updated guidelines and financial constraints). The majority of surgical staff were implementing the use of preventive measures against COVID-19, while they were practiced less among patients. The guidelines for surgical practice during the preoperative phase were well applied, especially screening patients by different methods and the application of telemedicine to reduce physical contacts. But, against guidelines, elective patients were planned and underwent surgery, especially in the general surgery department. The implementation of recommended guidelines in the center of sterility room in handling surgical equipment was not very different before and during the pandemic. The extent of practice for anesthesia care, operating room management and postoperative care in the recovery room also changed, and the guidelines were sometimes applied. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Although perioperative surgical care practice differed before and during the pandemic, the standard guidelines were inconsistently implemented among surgical departments. The implementation of recommended guidelines in the center of sterility room in handling surgical equipment was not very different before and during the pandemic. Thus, the authors developed safe surgical care guidelines throughout the different domains (infection prevention and PPE use; preoperative care, intraoperative care, operating room management, anesthesia care, equipment handling process and postoperative care) for all disciplines and shared them with all staff. We recommend that all surgical staff should access these guidelines and strictly adhere to them for surgical service during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondu Reta Demissie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Wondu Reta Demissie, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia, Email ;
| | - Bilisuma Mulatu
- School of Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Siraj
- School of Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | | | - Edosa Kejela
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Zemenu Muluken
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | | | - Melka Biratu
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Mitiku Birhanu
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Negashu Dadi
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Megersa Kelbesa
- Department of Anesthesia, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Admasu Belay
- School of Nursing, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Dukessa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
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