1
|
Haselager MV, van Driel BF, Perelaer E, de Rooij D, Lashgari D, Loos R, Kater AP, Moerland PD, Eldering E. In Vitro 3D Spheroid Culture System Displays Sustained T Cell-dependent CLL Proliferation and Survival. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e938. [PMID: 37637994 PMCID: PMC10448932 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells are highly dependent on microenvironmental cells and signals. The lymph node (LN) is the critical site of in vivo CLL proliferation and development of resistance to both chemotherapy and targeted agents. We present a new model that incorporates key aspects of the CLL LN, which enables investigation of CLL cells in the context of a protective niche. We describe a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system using ultra-low attachment plates to create spheroids of CLL cells derived from peripheral blood. Starting from CLL:T cell ratios as observed in LN samples, CLL activation was induced by either direct stimulation and/or indirectly via T cells. Compared with two-dimensional cultures, 3D cultures promoted CLL proliferation in a T cell-dependent manner, and enabled expansion for up to 7 weeks, including the formation of follicle-like structures after several weeks of culture. This model enables high-throughput drug screening, of which we describe response to Btk inhibition, venetoclax resistance, and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity as examples. In summary, we present the first LN-mimicking in vitro 3D culture for primary CLL, which enables readouts such as real-time drug screens, kinetic growth assays, and spatial localization. This is the first in vitro CLL system that allows testing of response and resistance to venetoclax and Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the context of the tumor microenvironment, thereby opening up new possibilities for clinically useful applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco V. Haselager
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca F. van Driel
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Perelaer
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis de Rooij
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
| | - Danial Lashgari
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Loos
- Center for Innovation and Translational Research Europe, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Arnon P. Kater
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D. Moerland
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Eldering
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, The Netherlands
- Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, LYMMCARE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|