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Escudero-Leyva E, Quirós-Guerrero L, Vásquez-Chaves V, Pereira-Reyes R, Chaverri P, Tamayo-Castillo G. Differential Volatile Organic Compound Expression in the Interaction of Daldinia eschscholtzii and Mycena citricolor. ACS Omega 2023; 8:31373-31388. [PMID: 37663497 PMCID: PMC10468842 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Fungi exhibit a wide range of ecological guilds, but those that live within the inner tissues of plants (also known as endophytes) are particularly relevant due to the benefits they sometimes provide to their hosts, such as herbivory deterrence, disease protection, and growth promotion. Recently, endophytes have gained interest as potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogens, for example, coffee plants (Coffea arabica). Published results from research performed in our laboratory showed that endophytic fungi isolated from wild Rubiaceae plants were effective in reducing the effects of the American leaf spot of coffee (Mycena citricolor). One of these isolates (GU11N) from the plant Randia grandifolia was identified as Daldinia eschscholtzii (Xylariales). Its antagonism mechanisms, effects, and chemistry against M. citricolor were investigated by analyzing its volatile profile alone and in the presence of the pathogen in contactless and dual culture assays. The experimental design involved direct sampling of agar plugs in vials for headspace (HS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Additionally, we used ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) to identify nonvolatile compounds from organic extracts of the mycelia involved in the interaction. Results showed that more volatile compounds were identified using HS-SPME (39 components) than those by the HS technique (13 components), sharing only 12 compounds. Statistical tests suggest that D. eschscholtzii inhibited the growth of M. citricolor through the release of VOCs containing a combination of 1,8-dimethoxynapththalene and terpene compounds affecting M. citricolor pseudopilei. The damaging effects of 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene were corroborated in an in vitro test against M. citricolor pseudopilei; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs confirmed structural damage. After analyzing the UHPLC-HRMS/MS data, a predominance of fatty acid derivatives was found among the putatively identified compounds. However, a considerable proportion of features (37.3%) remained unannotated. In conclusion, our study suggests that D. eschscholtzii has potential as a biocontrol agent against M. citricolor and that 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene contributes to the observed damage to the pathogen's reproductive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela
de Biología, Universidad de Costa
Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Luis Quirós-Guerrero
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Víctor Vásquez-Chaves
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Reinaldo Pereira-Reyes
- Laboratorio
Nacional de Nanotecnología (LANOTEC), Centro Nacional de Alta Tecnología, 10109 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela
de Biología, Universidad de Costa
Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland 20715, United States
| | - Giselle Tamayo-Castillo
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela
de Química, Universidad de Costa
Rica, 11520-2060 San José, Costa Rica
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Escudero-Leyva E, Del Milagro Granados-Montero M, Orozco-Ortiz C, Araya-Valverde E, Alvarado-Picado E, Chaves-Fallas JM, Aldrich-Wolfe L, Chaverri P. The endophytobiome of wild Rubiaceae as a source of antagonistic fungi against the American Leaf Spot of coffee (Mycena citricolor). J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:7146202. [PMID: 37113015 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The American leaf spot, caused by Mycena citricolor, is an important disease of coffee (Coffea arabica), mostly in Central America. Currently, there are limited pathogen control alternatives that are environmentally friendly and economically accessible. The use of fungi isolated from the plant endomycobiota in their native habitats is on the rise because studies show their great potential for biological control. To begin to generate a green alternative to control M. citricolor, the objectives of the present study were to (i) collect, identify, screen (in vitro and in planta), and select endophytic fungi from wild Rubiaceae collected in old-growth forests of Costa Rica; (ii) confirm endophytic colonization in coffee plantlets; (iii) evaluate the effects of the endophytes on plantlet development; and (iv) corroborate the antagonistic ability in planta. METHODS AND RESULTS Through in vitro and in planta antagonism assays, we found that out of the selected isolates (i.e., Daldinia eschscholzii GU11N, Nectria pseudotrichia GUHN1, Purpureocillium aff. lilacinum CT24, Sarocladium aff. kiliense CT25, Trichoderma rifaii CT5, T. aff. crassum G1C, T. aff. atroviride G7T, T. aff. strigosellum GU12, and Xylaria multiplex GU14T), Trichoderma spp. produced the highest growth inhibition percentages in vitro. Trichoderma isolates CT5 and G1C were then tested in planta using Coffea arabica cv. caturra plantlets. Endophytic colonization was verified, followed by in planta growth promotion and antagonism assays. CONCLUSIONS Results show that Trichoderma isolates CT5 and G1C have potential for plant growth promotion and antagonism against Mycena citricolor, reducing incidence and severity, and preventing plant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, Pavas, San José, Costa Rica
| | - María Del Milagro Granados-Montero
- Escuela de Agronomía, Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit and Centro de Investigaciones en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Cristofer Orozco-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, Pavas, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Emmanuel Araya-Valverde
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, Pavas, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Eduardo Alvarado-Picado
- Centro para el Desarrollo de Alternativas Orgánicas (CeDAO), San Marcos de Tarrazú, San José, Costa Rica
| | - José Miguel Chaves-Fallas
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
- Department of Biology and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Laura Aldrich-Wolfe
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland, USA
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Escudero-Leyva E, Vieto S, Avendaño R, Rojas-Gätjens D, Agüero P, Pacheco C, Montero ML, Chaverri P, Chavarría M. Fungi with history: Unveiling the mycobiota of historic documents of Costa Rica. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279914. [PMID: 36652424 PMCID: PMC9847896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the physicochemical characteristics and mycobiota associated to five key historic documents from Costa Rica, including the Independence Act of Costa Rica from 1821. We used nondestructive techniques (i.e., ATR-FTIR and XRF) to determine paper and ink composition. Results show that some documents are composed of cotton-based paper, whereas others were made of wood cellulose with an increased lignin content. We also determined that the ink employed in some of the documents is ferrogallic. Cultivation and molecular techniques were used to characterize the fungi inhabiting the documents. In total, 22 fungal isolates were obtained: 15 from the wood-cellulose-based documents and seven from the other three cotton-based. We also tested the cellulolytic activity of the recovered fungi; 95% of the fungi presented cellulolytic activity correlated to their ability to cause deterioration of the paper. Results suggest that cotton-based paper is the most resistant to fungal colonization and that most of the isolates have cellulolytic activity. This work increases the knowledge of the fungal diversity that inhabits historic documents and its relationship with paper composition and provides valuable information to develop strategies to conserve and restore these invaluable documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Sofía Vieto
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Roberto Avendaño
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Diego Rojas-Gätjens
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Paola Agüero
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Mavis L. Montero
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales (CICIMA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PC); (MC)
| | - Max Chavarría
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- * E-mail: (PC); (MC)
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Campos-Esquivel L, Hanson PE, Escudero-Leyva E, Chaverri P. Virulence of native isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales) against the "sweetpotato whitefly" Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), including the effects of temperature and fungicides. J Invertebr Pathol 2022; 192:107787. [PMID: 35697117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypocrella, Moelleriella and related species in the Hypocreales (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes) cause epizootics of whiteflies and scale insects in nature. However, studies on their host specificity, virulence, infection cycles, optimal development under laboratory conditions, and compatibility with other control methods, are unexplored for most species. Under laboratory conditions, the virulence of several isolates of field-collected hypocrealean fungi (Hypocrella, Moelleriella, Regiocrella, and Verticillium) was determined on Bemisia tabaci eggs and 4th instar nymphs. In addition to virulence, the effect of temperature and two commercial fungicides on growth rates and germination of the isolates was evaluated. None of the isolates infected the eggs, while M. libera, M. ochracea, and M. turbinata caused high nymphal mortality. Moelleriella libera was the most virulent isolate. At all temperatures, M. libera, Regiocrella sp. (P17H20), and Verticillium cf. pseudohemipterigenum had the highest germination and growth rates. The optimal growth temperature depended on the isolate, but at 23 °C and 25 °C, the probability of spore germination was higher for most isolates. Finally, the fungicides azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil inhibited growth rates and conidial germination at 24 and 48 h of exposure. This research produces vital knowledge on the virulence and infection cycles of poorly studied native species of entomopathogenic fungi. In addition, the results provide information on the optimal temperature for development in laboratory conditions and susceptibility to fungicides, which could contribute to future biological control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul E Hanson
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica.
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5
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Vieto S, Escudero-Leyva E, Avendaño R, Rechnitzer N, Barrantes-Madrigal MD, Conejo-Barboza G, Herrera-Sancho OA, Chaverri P, Chavarría M. Biodeterioration and cellulolytic activity by fungi isolated from a nineteenth-century painting at the National Theatre of Costa Rica. Fungal Biol 2021; 126:101-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Calvillo-Medina RP, Ponce-Angulo DG, Raymundo T, Müller-Morales CA, Escudero-Leyva E, Campos Guillén J, Bautista-de Lucio VM. Purpureocillium roseum sp. nov. A new ocular pathogen for humans and mice resistant to antifungals. Mycoses 2020; 64:162-173. [PMID: 33064905 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious keratitis is the main cause of preventable blindness worldwide, with about 1.5-2.0 million new cases occurring per year. This inflammatory response may be due to infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites. Fungal keratitis is a poorly studied health problem. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify a new fungal species by molecular methods and to explore the possible efficacy of the three most common antifungals used in human keratitis in Mexico by performing in vitro analysis. The capacity of this pathogen to cause corneal infection in a murine model was also evaluated. METHODS The fungal strain was isolated from a patient with a corneal ulcer. To identify the fungus, taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses (nrDNA ITS and LSU data set) were performed. An antifungal susceptibility assay for amphotericin B, itraconazole and voriconazole was carried out. The fungal isolate was used to develop a keratitis model in BALB/c mice; entire eyes and ocular tissues were preserved and processed for histopathologic examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION This fungal genus has hitherto not been reported with human keratitis in Mexico. We described a new species Purpurecillium roseum isolated from corneal infection. P roseum showed resistance to amphotericin B and itraconazole and was sensitive to voriconazole. In vivo study demonstrated that P roseum had capacity to developed corneal infection and to penetrate deeper corneal tissue. The global change in fungal infections has emphasised the need to develop better diagnostic mycology laboratories and to recognise the group of potential fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Gabriela Ponce-Angulo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Proteómica Ocular, Instituto de Oftalmología "Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tania Raymundo
- Laboratorio de Micología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Adolfo Müller-Morales
- Departamento de Córnea y Cirugía Refractiva, Instituto de Oftalmología "Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) y Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), y Centro Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Juan Campos Guillén
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Victor Manuel Bautista-de Lucio
- Departamento de Microbiología y Proteómica Ocular, Instituto de Oftalmología "Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
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Calvillo-Medina RP, Gunde-Cimerman N, Escudero-Leyva E, Barba-Escoto L, Fernández-Tellez EI, Medina-Tellez AA, Bautista-de Lucio V, Ramos-López MÁ, Campos-Guillén J. Richness and metallo-tolerance of cultivable fungi recovered from three high altitude glaciers from Citlaltépetl and Iztaccíhuatl volcanoes (Mexico). Extremophiles 2020; 24:625-636. [PMID: 32535716 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In Mexico little is known about high-altitude glacial psychrotolerant or psychrophilic fungal species, with most glacial fungi isolated from polar environments or Alpine glaciers. It has been documented that some of these species may play an important role in bioremediation of contaminated environments with heavy metals. In the present study, 75 fungi were isolated from glaciers in Citlaltépetl (5675 masl) and Iztaccíhuatl (5286 masl) volcanoes. Combining morphological characteristics and molecular methods, based on ITS rDNA, 38 fungi were partially identified to genus level, 35 belonging to Ascomycota and three to Mucoromycota. The most abundant genera were Cladosporium, followed by Alternaria and Sordariomycetes order. All isolated fungi were psychrotolerant, pigmented and resistant to different concentrations of Cr(III) and Pb(II), while none tolerated Hg(II). Fungi most tolerant to Cr(III) and Pb(II) belong to the genera Stemphylium, Cladosporium and Penicillium and to a lesser extent Aureobasidium and Sordariomycetes. To our knowledge, this is the first report on cultivable mycobiota richness and their Cr and Pb tolerance. The results open new research possibilities about fungal diversity and heavy metals myco-remediation. Extremophilic fungal communities should be further investigated before global warming causes permanent changes and we miss the opportunity to describe these sites in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Gunde-Cimerman
- Molecular Genetics and Biology of Microorganisms, Dept. Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) Y Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), Centro Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Luis Barba-Escoto
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Sustainable Intensification Program, Texcoco, Mexico
| | | | | | - Victor Bautista-de Lucio
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Y Proteómica, Instituto de Oftalmología "Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Campos-Guillén
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
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Montero-Vargas M, Escudero-Leyva E, Díaz-Valerio S, Chaverri P. Step-by-Step Pipeline for the Ecological Analysis of Endophytic Fungi using ITS nrDNA Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:e96. [PMID: 31910332 DOI: 10.1002/cpmc.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is accepted as the genetic marker or barcode of choice for the identification of fungal samples. Here, we present a protocol to analyze fungal ITS data, from quality preprocessing of raw sequences to identification of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), taxonomic classification, and assignment of functional traits. The pipeline relies on well-established and manually curated data collections, namely the UNITE database and the FUNGuild script. As an example, real ITS data from culturable endophytic fungi were analyzed, providing detailed descriptions for every step, parameter, and downstream analysis, and finishing with a phylogenetic analysis of the sequences and assigned ecological roles. This article constitutes a comprehensive guide for researchers that have little familiarity with bioinformatic analysis of essential steps required in further ecological studies of fungal communities. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Basic Protocol 1: Raw sequencing data processing Support Protocol: Building a BLAST database Basic Protocol 2: Obtaining information from databases Basic Protocol 3: Phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maripaz Montero-Vargas
- Colaboratorio Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Escuela de Biología and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Stefani Díaz-Valerio
- Colaboratorio Nacional de Computación Avanzada (CNCA), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Escuela de Biología and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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9
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Coronado-Ruiz C, Avendaño R, Escudero-Leyva E, Conejo-Barboza G, Chaverri P, Chavarría M. Two new cellulolytic fungal species isolated from a 19 th-century art collection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7492. [PMID: 29748544 PMCID: PMC5945893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The archive of the Universidad de Costa Rica maintains a nineteenth-century French collection of drawings and lithographs in which the biodeterioration by fungi is rampant. Because of nutritional conditions in which these fungi grew, we suspected that they possessed an ability to degrade cellulose. In this work our goal was to isolate and identify the fungal species responsible for the biodegradation of a nineteenth-century art collection and determine their cellulolytic activity. Fungi were isolated using potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) and water-agar with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The identification of the fungi was assessed through DNA sequencing (nrDNA ITS and α-actin regions) complemented with morphological analyses. Assays for cellulolytic activity were conducted with Gram's iodine as dye. Nineteen isolates were obtained, of which seventeen were identified through DNA sequencing to species level, belonging mainly to genera Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Penicillium and Trichoderma. For two samples that could not be identified through their ITS and α-actin sequences, a morphological analysis was conducted; they were identified as new species, named Periconia epilithographicola sp. nov. and Coniochaeta cipronana sp. nov. Qualitative tests showed that the fungal collection presents important cellulolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Coronado-Ruiz
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, 1174-1200, San Jose, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Roberto Avendaño
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, 1174-1200, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Efraín Escudero-Leyva
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Geraldine Conejo-Barboza
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte (II Arte), 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, Maryland, USA
| | - Max Chavarría
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, 1174-1200, San Jose, Costa Rica.
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica.
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica.
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