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Ceccacci E, Villa E, Santoro F, Minucci S, Ruhrberg C, Fantin A. A Refined Single Cell Landscape of Haematopoiesis in the Mouse Foetal Liver. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:15. [PMID: 37092477 PMCID: PMC10123705 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
During prenatal life, the foetal liver is colonised by several waves of haematopoietic progenitors to act as the main haematopoietic organ. Single cell (sc) RNA-seq has been used to identify foetal liver cell types via their transcriptomic signature and to compare gene expression patterns as haematopoietic development proceeds. To obtain a refined single cell landscape of haematopoiesis in the foetal liver, we have generated a scRNA-seq dataset from a whole mouse E12.5 liver that includes a larger number of cells than prior datasets at this stage and was obtained without cell type preselection to include all liver cell populations. We combined mining of this dataset with that of previously published datasets at other developmental stages to follow transcriptional dynamics as well as the cell cycle state of developing haematopoietic lineages. Our findings corroborate several prior reports on the timing of liver colonisation by haematopoietic progenitors and the emergence of differentiated lineages and provide further molecular characterisation of each cell population. Extending these findings, we demonstrate the existence of a foetal intermediate haemoglobin profile in the mouse, similar to that previously identified in humans, and a previously unidentified population of primitive erythroid cells in the foetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Villa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Santoro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Alessandro Fantin
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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2
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Filippone MG, Gaglio D, Bonfanti R, Tucci FA, Ceccacci E, Pennisi R, Bonanomi M, Jodice G, Tillhon M, Montani F, Bertalot G, Freddi S, Vecchi M, Taglialatela A, Romanenghi M, Romeo F, Bianco N, Munzone E, Sanguedolce F, Vago G, Viale G, Di Fiore PP, Minucci S, Alberghina L, Colleoni M, Veronesi P, Tosoni D, Pece S. CDK12 promotes tumorigenesis but induces vulnerability to therapies inhibiting folate one-carbon metabolism in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2642. [PMID: 35550508 PMCID: PMC9098894 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) overexpression is implicated in breast cancer, but whether it has a primary or only a cooperative tumorigenic role is unclear. Here, we show that transgenic CDK12 overexpression in the mouse mammary gland per se is sufficient to drive the emergence of multiple and multifocal tumors, while, in cooperation with known oncogenes, it promotes earlier tumor onset and metastasis. Integrative transcriptomic, metabolomic and functional data reveal that hyperactivation of the serine-glycine-one-carbon network is a metabolic hallmark inherent to CDK12-induced tumorigenesis. Consistently, in retrospective patient cohort studies and in patient-derived xenografts, CDK12-overexpressing breast tumors show positive response to methotrexate-based chemotherapy targeting CDK12-induced metabolic alterations, while being intrinsically refractory to other types of chemotherapy. In a retrospective analysis of hormone receptor-negative and lymph node-positive breast cancer patients randomized in an adjuvant phase III trial to 1-year low-dose metronomic methotrexate-based chemotherapy or no maintenance chemotherapy, a high CDK12 status predicts a dramatic reduction in distant metastasis rate in the chemotherapy-treated vs. not-treated arm. Thus, by coupling tumor progression with metabolic reprogramming, CDK12 creates an actionable vulnerability for breast cancer therapy and might represent a suitable companion biomarker for targeted antimetabolite therapies in human breast cancers. Finding biomarkers for targeted therapy is a promising approach to treat cancer. Here, the authors show that in breast cancer preclinical models and patients, CDK12 promotes tumourigenesis but induces selective vulnerability to therapies that target folate one-carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Filippone
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - D Gaglio
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR) Segrate, Milan, Italy.,ISBE.IT/Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - R Bonfanti
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - F A Tucci
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ceccacci
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - R Pennisi
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bonanomi
- ISBE.IT/Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - G Jodice
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tillhon
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - F Montani
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - G Bertalot
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - S Freddi
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M Vecchi
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.,IFOM, The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - A Taglialatela
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Romanenghi
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - F Romeo
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - N Bianco
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - E Munzone
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - F Sanguedolce
- Department of Pathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Vago
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - G Viale
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - P P Di Fiore
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - S Minucci
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - L Alberghina
- ISBE.IT/Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - M Colleoni
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - P Veronesi
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - D Tosoni
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Pece
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142, Milano, Italy.
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3
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Nicosia L, Boffo FL, Ceccacci E, Conforti F, Pallavicini I, Bedin F, Ravasio R, Massignani E, Somervaille TCP, Minucci S, Bonaldi T. Pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 triggers myeloid differentiation by targeting GSE1 oncogenic functions in AML. Oncogene 2022; 41:878-894. [PMID: 34862459 PMCID: PMC8830420 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The histone demethylase LSD1 is over-expressed in hematological tumors and has emerged as a promising target for anticancer treatment, so that several LSD1 inhibitors are under development and testing, in preclinical and clinical settings. However, the complete understanding of their complex mechanism of action is still unreached. Here, we unraveled a novel mode of action of the LSD1 inhibitors MC2580 and DDP-38003, showing that they can induce differentiation of AML cells through the downregulation of the chromatin protein GSE1. Analysis of the phenotypic effects of GSE1 depletion in NB4 cells showed a strong decrease of cell viability in vitro and of tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that a set of genes associated with immune response and cytokine-signaling pathways are upregulated by LSD1 inhibitors through GSE1-protein reduction and that LSD1 and GSE1 colocalize at promoters of a subset of these genes at the basal state, enforcing their transcriptional silencing. Moreover, we show that LSD1 inhibitors lead to the reduced binding of GSE1 to these promoters, activating transcriptional programs that trigger myeloid differentiation. Our study offers new insights into GSE1 as a novel therapeutic target for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Nicosia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
- Leukaemia Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Oglesby Cancer Research Centre Building, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Francesca Ludovica Boffo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Fabio Conforti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Isabella Pallavicini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Fabio Bedin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Roberto Ravasio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Enrico Massignani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Tim C P Somervaille
- Leukaemia Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Oglesby Cancer Research Centre Building, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, 20139, Italy.
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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4
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Faletti S, Osti D, Ceccacci E, Richichi C, Costanza B, Nicosia L, Noberini R, Marotta G, Furia L, Faretta MR, Brambillasca S, Quarto M, Bertero L, Boldorini R, Pollo B, Gandini S, Cora D, Minucci S, Mercurio C, Varasi M, Bonaldi T, Pelicci G. LSD1-directed therapy affects glioblastoma tumorigenicity by deregulating the protective ATF4-dependent integrated stress response. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabf7036. [PMID: 34878824 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf7036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Faletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Daniela Osti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Cristina Richichi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Brunella Costanza
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Luciano Nicosia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Roberta Noberini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Giulia Marotta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Laura Furia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Mario R Faretta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Silvia Brambillasca
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Micaela Quarto
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Luca Bertero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Bianca Pollo
- Unit of Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Davide Cora
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Ciro Mercurio
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Mario Varasi
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Giuliana Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy
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5
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Faletti S, Osti D, Ceccacci E, Richichi C, Costanza B, Marotta G, Corà D, Pelicci G. OS06.3A LSD1-directed therapy curtails glioblastoma tumorigenicity by limiting the adaptation of tumor initiating cells to stressful environments. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal tumor whose aggressiveness, heterogeneity, therapy resistance and poor blood-brain-barrier penetration hinder the amelioration of the standard-of-care. Included in the GBM mass are the tumor initiating cells (TICs), representing the driver of GBM growth and relapse in virtue of their stem-like traits and therapy-resistance. Being constantly exposed to environmental stress, including nutrients deficiency, hypoxia and therapeutic insults, all GBM cells -and TICs in particular- have to be highly adaptive in order to survive. Thus, their ability to cope with stress could be targeted to curtail TICs maintenance and the whole GBM aggressiveness. The key of TICs adaptation relies, among the others, on their epigenetic plasticity, hence encouraging epigenetic drugs testing.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
By exploiting patient-derived GBM TICs and orthotopic xenograft models, we tested the antitumorigenic features of a novel, selective, orally bioavailable and brain-penetrant Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 inhibitor (LSD1i). We confirmed the specificity of its effects by LSD1 genetic targeting. A combination of RNA-seq, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation(ChIP)-seq, Mass Spectrometry and reverse genetic experiments unraveled LSD1 molecular players in GBM TICs.
RESULTS
We identified LSD1 as a druggable target in human GBM: LSD1i treatment, mirrored by LSD1 genetic targeting, impairs growth, viability, stem-like traits and in vivo tumorigenicity of GBM TICs. Mechanistically, LSD1 is crucial for the expression of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which coordinates the integrated stress response (ISR) to manage stressful stimuli as nutrient deprivation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. By mimicking these stress cues in vitro, we found that LSD1i triggers a delayed but unabated ATF4 translation which provokes an over-lasting ISR, eventually culminating in GBM TICs apoptosis. Lastly, LSD1 demethylase activity is dispensable for ATF4 induction. Rather, LSD1i exerts its anti-tumorigenic potential by interfering with LSD1 scaffolding function in GBM TICs.
CONCLUSION
LSD1-directed therapy is likely a promising strategy to hinder GBM. By sensitizing GBM TICs to stress, LSD1i endangers the GBM TICs pool. The effectiveness of LSD1i administration in different patient-derived GBM TICs and xenografts, regardless of their molecular profile, places a strong rationale toward the clinical translation of this approach for GBM management.
FUNDING
Italian association for Cancer Research (AIRC) and Italian Ministry of Health
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Affiliation(s)
- S Faletti
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - D Osti
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ceccacci
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - C Richichi
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - B Costanza
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - G Marotta
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - D Corà
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - G Pelicci
- European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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6
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Fantin A, Tacconi C, Villa E, Ceccacci E, Denti L, Ruhrberg C. KIT Is Required for Fetal Liver Hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648630. [PMID: 34395414 PMCID: PMC8358609 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mouse embryo, endothelial cell (EC) progenitors almost concomitantly give rise to the first blood vessels in the yolk sac and the large vessels of the embryo proper. Although the first blood cells form in the yolk sac before blood vessels have assembled, consecutive waves of hematopoietic progenitors subsequently bud from hemogenic endothelium located within the wall of yolk sac and large intraembryonic vessels in a process termed endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (endoHT). The receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is required for late embryonic erythropoiesis, but KIT is also expressed in hematopoietic progenitors that arise via endoHT from yolk sac hemogenic endothelium to generate early, transient hematopoietic waves. However, it remains unclear whether KIT has essential roles in early hematopoiesis. Here, we have combined single-cell expression studies with the analysis of knockout mice to show that KIT is dispensable for yolk sac endoHT but required for transient definitive hematopoiesis in the fetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fantin
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Fantin,
| | | | - Emanuela Villa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Denti
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christiana Ruhrberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Christiana Ruhrberg,
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7
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Ravasio R, Ceccacci E, Nicosia L, Hosseini A, Rossi PL, Barozzi I, Fornasari L, Zuffo RD, Valente S, Fioravanti R, Mercurio C, Varasi M, Mattevi A, Mai A, Pavesi G, Bonaldi T, Minucci S. Targeting the scaffolding role of LSD1 (KDM1A) poises acute myeloid leukemia cells for retinoic acid-induced differentiation. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaax2746. [PMID: 32284990 PMCID: PMC7141832 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The histone demethylase LSD1 is deregulated in several tumors, including leukemias, providing the rationale for the clinical use of LSD1 inhibitors. In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), pharmacological doses of retinoic acid (RA) induce differentiation of APL cells, triggering degradation of the PML-RAR oncogene. APL cells are resistant to LSD1 inhibition or knockout, but targeting LSD1 sensitizes them to physiological doses of RA without altering of PML-RAR levels, and extends survival of leukemic mice upon RA treatment. The combination of RA with LSD1 inhibition (or knockout) is also effective in other non-APL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Nonenzymatic activities of LSD1 are essential to block differentiation, while RA with targeting of LSD1 releases a differentiation gene expression program, not strictly dependent on changes in histone H3K4 methylation. Integration of proteomic/epigenomic/mutational studies showed that LSD1 inhibitors alter the recruitment of LSD1-containing complexes to chromatin, inhibiting the interaction between LSD1 and the transcription factor GFI1.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Catalysis
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Histone Demethylases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Histone Demethylases/genetics
- Histone Demethylases/metabolism
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ravasio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Luciano Nicosia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Amir Hosseini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Rossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Iros Barozzi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, London W12, UK
| | - Lorenzo Fornasari
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
- EryDel SpA, Via Meucci 3, 20091 Bresso (MI), Italy
| | - Roberto Dal Zuffo
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Pasteur Institute Italy, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Pasteur Institute Italy, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ciro Mercurio
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Mario Varasi
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Pasteur Institute Italy, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavesi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
- New Drugs Program, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
- Corresponding author.
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8
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Abdel-Aziz AK, Pallavicini I, Ceccacci E, Meroni G, Saadeldin MK, Varasi M, Minucci S. Tuning mTORC1 activity dictates the response of acute myeloid leukemia to LSD1 inhibition. Haematologica 2019; 105:2105-2117. [PMID: 31537694 PMCID: PMC7395280 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.224501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) has been shown to be critical in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis and this has led to the development of LSD1 inhibitors (LSD1i) which are currently tested in clinical trials. Nonetheless, preclinical studies reported that AML cells frequently exhibit intrinsic resistance to LSD1 inhibition, and the molecular basis for this phenomenon is largely unknown. We explored the potential involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in mediating the resistance of leukemic cells to LSD1i. Strikingly, unlike sensitive leukemias, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling was robustly triggered in resistant leukemias following LSD1 inhibition. Transcriptomic, chromatin immunoprecipitation and functional studies revealed that insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK1/2) signaling critically controls LSD1i induced mTORC1 activation. Notably, inhibiting mTOR unlocked the resistance of AML cell lines and primary patient-derived blasts to LSD1i both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, mTOR activation might act as a novel pro-survival mechanism of intrinsic as well as acquired resistance to LSD1i, and combination regimens co-targeting LSD1/mTOR could represent a rational approach in AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Isabella Pallavicini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccacci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Meroni
- Experimental Therapeutics IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Mona Kamal Saadeldin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6 October City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mario Varasi
- Experimental Therapeutics IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy .,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Faletti S, Osti D, Richichi C, Marangoni I, Ceccacci E, Minucci S, Pelicci G. P04.84 Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) contributes to the maintenance of Glioblastoma stem cell population. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Faletti
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - D Osti
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - C Richichi
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - I Marangoni
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - E Ceccacci
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - S Minucci
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
| | - G Pelicci
- European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy
- University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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10
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Ravasio R, Ceccacci E, Minucci S. Self-renewal of tumor cells: epigenetic determinants of the cancer stem cell phenotype. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 36:92-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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