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Oh J, Eser RA, Ehrenberg AJ, Morales D, Petersen C, Kudlacek J, Dunlop SR, Theofilas P, Resende EDPF, Cosme C, Alho EJL, Spina S, Walsh CM, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Bittencourt JC, Neylan TC, Heinsen H, Grinberg LT. Profound degeneration of wake-promoting neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:1253-1263. [PMID: 31416793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep-wake disturbances are a common and early feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The impact of early tau pathology in wake-promoting neurons (WPNs) remains unclear. METHODS We performed stereology in postmortem brains from AD individuals and healthy controls to identify quantitative differences in morphological metrics in WPNs. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration were included as disease-specific controls. RESULTS The three nuclei studied accumulate considerable amounts of tau inclusions and showed a decrease in neurotransmitter-synthetizing neurons in AD, PSP, and corticobasal degeneration. However, substantial neuronal loss was exclusively found in AD. DISCUSSION WPNs are extremely vulnerable to AD but not to 4 repeat tauopathies. Considering that WPNs are involved early in AD, such degeneration should be included in the models explaining sleep-wake disturbances in AD and considered when designing a clinical intervention. Sparing of WPNs in PSP, a condition featuring hyperinsomnia, suggest that interventions to suppress the arousal system may benefit patients with PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Oh
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rana A Eser
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alexander J Ehrenberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dulce Morales
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cathrine Petersen
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Kudlacek
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara R Dunlop
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Panos Theofilas
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elisa D P F Resende
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Celica Cosme
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo J L Alho
- Department of Neurology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Walsh
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jackson C Bittencourt
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas C Neylan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helmut Heinsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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