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Lier S, Rein I, Lund S, Lång A, Lång E, Meyer N, Dutta A, Anand S, Nesse G, Johansen R, Klungland A, Rinholm J, Bøe S, Anand A, Pollard S, Lerdrup M, Pandey D. P10.12.A CDK12/CDK13 inhibition disrupts a transcriptional program critical for glioblastoma survival. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive malignant tumor of the central nervous system. With a median survival of only one year, GBM patients have a particularly poor prognosis, highlighting a clear need for novel therapeutic strategies to target this disease. Transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which phosphorylate key residues of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD), play a major role in sustaining aberrant transcriptional programs that are key to development and maintenance of cancer cells.
Material and Methods
We used pharmacological inhibition and genetic ablation to study effects of CDK12/CDK13 depletion on the proliferatory and migratory capacity of GBM cells and mouse xenografts. SLAM-seq, CUT&RUN and cell cycle assays were used to study the mechanistic effects of CDK12/CDK13 depletion in GBM cells.
Results
CDK12/CDK13 depletion markedly reduced the proliferatory and migratory capacity of GBM cells, as well as in vivo growth. CDK12/CDK13 inhibition potentiated existing chemotherapeutic treatments. Mechanistically, inhibition of CDK12/CDK13 leads to a genome-wide abrogation of RNAPII CTD phosphorylation, which in turn disrupts transcription and cell cycle progression in GBM cells.
Conclusion
These results provide proof-of-concept for the potential of CDK12 and CDK13 as therapeutic targets for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lier
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - I Rein
- Dept. of Radiation Biology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - S Lund
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - A Lång
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - E Lång
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - N Meyer
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - A Dutta
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - S Anand
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communications, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy
| | - G Nesse
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - R Johansen
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - A Klungland
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
- Dept. of Biosciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - J Rinholm
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - S Bøe
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - A Anand
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati , Assam , India
| | - S Pollard
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, SCRM Building, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - M Lerdrup
- Center for Chromosome Stability (CCS), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - D Pandey
- Dept. of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
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Lång E, Nystedt P. Blowing up money? The earnings penalty of smoking in the 1970s and the 21st century. J Health Econ 2018; 60:39-52. [PMID: 29909201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the earnings penalty of smoking among Swedish twins in two social contexts: the 1970s, when smoking was common and widely accepted and when there were relatively few tobacco laws aiming to reduce smoking; and the 2000s, when smoking had become more expensive, stigmatizing and less common, and when tobacco laws and regulations had intensified. The results show that the short-term earnings penalty of smoking was much higher in the 21st century than in the 1970s for men. For women, smokers had on average higher annual earnings compared to nonsmokers in the 1970s, but lower annual earnings in the 2000s. In the long run, there was an earnings gap for men between never-smokers and continuous smokers, whereas there was a pronounced earnings 'bonus' of smoking cessation for women. The results emphasize the importance of social context and the long-term horizon when evaluating the consequences of smoking for earnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Lång
- FOI, Swedish Defence Research Agency, 16490 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Paul Nystedt
- Jönköping International Business School, Box 1026, 55111 Jönköping, Sweden; Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, Jönköping, Sweden.
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Lång E, Nystedt P. Two by two, inch by inch: Height as an indicator of environmental conditions during childhood and its influence on earnings over the life cycle among twins. Econ Hum Biol 2018; 28:53-66. [PMID: 29288870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult height is a function of genetic predispositions and environmental influences during childhood. Hence, any variation in height among monozygotic twins, who share genetic predispositions, is bound to reflect differences in their environmental exposure. Therefore, a height premium in earnings among monozygotic twins also reflects such exposure. In this study, we analyze the height premium over the life cycle among Swedish twins, 10,000 of whom are monozygotic. The premium is relatively constant over the life cycle, amounting to 5-6% higher earnings per decimeter for men and less for women, suggesting that environmental conditions in childhood and youth affect earnings over most of the adult life course. The premium is larger below median height for men and above median height for young women. The estimates are similar for monozygotic and dizygotic twins, indicating that environmentally and genetically induced height differences are similarly associated with earnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Lång
- Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Paul Nystedt
- Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, Jönköping, Sweden; Jönköping International Business School, Box 1026, 55111 Jönköping, Sweden.
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