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Al-Zain AO, Baeesa L, Jassoma E, Alghilan MA, Hariri M, Ismail EH, Münchow EA. Assessment of internal porosities for different placement techniques of bulk-fill resin-based composites: a micro-computed tomography study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7489-7499. [PMID: 37971540 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to compare the porosity of different bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) placement techniques to the conventional incremental technique using microcomputed tomography (μ-CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Occlusal cavities were prepared on extracted human molars, divided into five groups based on the placement technique (n = 10/group). Techniques examined were Monoblock-two-step (SureFil SDR flow + Ceram.X), Monoblock-two-step (Tetric EvoFlow Bulk-Fill + Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill), Monoblock-one-step (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill), Monoblock with sonic activation (SonicFill2), and incremental technique (Filtek Z250). μ-CT scanning (SkyScan, Bruker, Belgium) assessed the number, volume of closed pores, and total porosity. Analysis of variance on ranks was used (Student-Newman-Keuls method and Mann-Whitney rank-sum test), to determine the significance of RBC viscosity and the sonication placement technique. The Spearman correlation method assessed the correlation between porosity characteristics (α = 0.05). RESULTS The SonicFill2 presented a higher number of closed pores than the other groups (p < 0.05). The overall porosity within the restoration seemed greater in this order: Filtek Z250 > SonicFill2 > Tetric EvoFlow Bulk-Fill + Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill > Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill > SureFil SDR Flow + Ceram.X. Sonication was associated with increased number (p = 0.005) and volume (p = 0.036) of closed pores. A strong correlation was observed between the number and volume of closed pores (R2 = 0.549, p < 001). CONCLUSIONS The monoblock technique with sonic activation showed significantly more internal porosity than the other placement techniques. Sonication during application contributed to the higher number and volume of closed pores than the passive bulk-fill application. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Using bulk-fill materials enhances efficiency, yet void formation remains an issue, depending on viscosity and active/passive delivery of materials. Clinicians must familiarize themselves with effective placement techniques to reduce void formation and optimizing treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan O Al-Zain
- Restorative Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, P.O. Box 80209, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Advanced Technology Dental Research Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lina Baeesa
- Orthodontics Department, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elaf Jassoma
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Maryam A Alghilan
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Gaurd Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Murooj Hariri
- Restorative Dentistry Department, King Fahad General Hospital, 23325, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman H Ismail
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Rosado L, Münchow EA, de Oliveira E, Lacerda-Santos R, Freitas DQ, Carlo HL, Verner FS. Translucency and Radiopacity of Dental Resin Composites - Is There a Direct Relation? Oper Dent 2023:492396. [PMID: 37079916 DOI: 10.2341/22-056-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to correlate the translucency degree of varying resin composites with their radiopacity. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-four resin composites (conventional or bulk-fill) of various shades and opacities were selected from the following manufacturers: 3M ESPE (nanofilled), Ivoclar (nanohybrid), and FGM (microhybrid). Resin composite samples (n=5) were prepared (5-mm diameter × 1.5-mm thickness) for comparison using prepared samples of human dentin and enamel as controls. The translucency of each sample was measured using the translucent parameter (TP) method with a digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade) and CIEL*a*b* color system over white and black backgrounds. The samples were also x-rayed using a photostimulable phosphor plate system for measurement of their radiopacity (in mmAl). All data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls (α=0.05); data for TP and radiopacity were correlated using the Spearman correlation test. RESULTS Overall, the translucent shades and bulk-fill resin composites showed greater translucency than the other resins. While "body" and "enamel" shades demonstrated intermediate translucency to dentin and enamel, the "dentin" shades were more standardized, showing similar translucency to human dentin. All tested resin composites showed similar or greater radiopacity to human enamel, except the Empress Direct (Ivoclar) resin with Trans Opal shade, which was not radiopaque. Dentin and enamel showed radiopacity similar to 1 and 2 mmAl (millimeters of aluminum), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The resin composites investigated in this study differed regarding their translucency degree and radiopacity level, without any positive relationship between the two properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lpl Rosado
- Lucas P Lopes Rosado, DDS, MSc, PhD researcher, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - E A Münchow
- Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Els de Oliveira
- Eduardo Lopes Soares de Oliveira, DDS, Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - R Lacerda-Santos
- Rogério Lacerda-Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - D Q Freitas
- Deborah Queiroz Freitas, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - H L Carlo
- Hugo Lemes Carlo DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - F S Verner
- *Francielle Silvestre Verner, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
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Coelho IRP, Silva-Lovato CH, Arruda CNF, Münchow EA, Silveira GRC, Carvalho RF, Badaró MM. Denture cleanser effect on resilient liners with distinct optical characteristics. Am J Dent 2023; 36:62-68. [PMID: 37076294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate denture cleansing solutions regarding the surface roughness and color stability of two resilient liners with distinct optical characteristics used for the maximum recommended period of use. METHODS The specimens of each resilient liner, transparent and white, were randomly distributed into groups (n= 15) of a daily 20-minute immersion simulation of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% sodium hypochlorite (SH) and 4% acetic acid solutions. Surface roughness (Ra) and color stability (ΔE CIELab formula and NBS systems) were measured after 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 180, and 270 days. The factors of variations analyzed were material, solutions, and time of immersion. Statistical analysis used three-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (Ra), and repeated measure ANOVA (ΔE and NBS systems), P< 0.05. RESULTS For Ra analysis, the variations occurred regardless of time and solution, as the white liner showed the greatest changes (P< 0.001). Regarding interactions between solution and time, in the period of 21 days until 270 days, Ra was equivalent for all solutions (P= 0.001). ΔE analysis showed a difference between solutions (P= 0.000) and interaction between time and solution (P= 0.000). For the transparent liner, the greatest changes were found for 1% SH after 60 days, however, at 270 days there was a color change equivalence with 0.5% SH, while 4% acetic acid solution showed intermediate values. For the white liner, 1% SH showed the highest color changes for all evaluated times, and the other evaluated solutions were similar after 270 days. For both resilient liners, 0.25% SH showed the smallest changes for the evaluated properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The changes found were dependent on the concentration of the solution used, as well as the length of exposure to the solution. In addition, the white resilient liner showed to be less susceptible to color changes. For both resilient liners, 0.25% sodium hypochlorite showed the least changes for the evaluated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella R P Coelho
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares Campus (UFJF/GV), Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cláudia H Silva-Lovato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina N F Arruda
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriella R C Silveira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares Campus (UFJF/GV), Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo F Carvalho
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares Campus (UFJF/GV), Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauricio M Badaró
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil,
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Ribeiro JS, Sanz CK, Münchow EA, Kalra N, Dubey N, Suárez CEC, Fenno JC, Lund RG, Bottino MC. Photocrosslinkable methacrylated gelatin hydrogel as a cell-friendly injectable delivery system for chlorhexidine in regenerative endodontics. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1507-1517. [PMID: 35882570 PMCID: PMC11022590 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work sought to formulate photocrosslinkable chlorhexidine (CHX)-laden methacrylated gelatin (CHX/GelMA) hydrogels with broad spectrum of action against endodontic pathogens as a clinically viable cell-friendly disinfection therapy prior to regenerative endodontics procedures. METHODS CHX/GelMA hydrogel formulations were successfully synthesized using CHX concentrations between 0.12 % and 5 % w/v. Hydrogel microstructure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Swelling and enzymatic degradation were assessed to determine microenvironmental effects. Compression test was performed to investigate the influence of CHX incorporation on the hydrogels' biomechanics. The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential of the formulated hydrogels were assessed using agar diffusion assays and a microcosms biofilm model, respectively. The cytocompatibility was evaluated by exposing stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) to hydrogel extracts (i.e., leachable byproducts obtained from overtime hydrogel incubation in phosphate buffer saline). The data were analyzed using One- and Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS CHX/GelMA hydrogels were effectively prepared. NMR spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CHX into GelMA. The addition of CHX did not change the micromorphology (pore size) nor the swelling profile (p > 0.05). CHX incorporation reduced the degradation rate of the hydrogels (p < 0.001); whereas, it contributed to increased compressive modulus (p < 0.05). Regarding the antimicrobial properties, the incorporation of CHX showed a statistically significant decrease in the number of bacteria colonies at 0.12 % and 0.5 % concentration (p < 0.001) and completely inhibited the growth of biofilm at concentration levels 1 %, 2 %, and 5 %. Meanwhile, the addition of CHX, regardless of the concentration, did not lead to cell toxicity, as cell viability values were above 70 %. SIGNIFICANCE The addition of CHX into GelMA showed significant antimicrobial action against the pathogens tested, even at low concentrations, with the potential to be used as a cell-friendly injectable drug delivery system for root canal disinfection prior to regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Ribeiro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina K Sanz
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Program (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nikhil Kalra
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Enrique C Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, 42160 San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - J Christopher Fenno
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rafael G Lund
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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David C, Cuevas-Suárez CE, de Cardoso GC, Isolan CP, de Moraes RR, da Rosa W, Münchow EA, da Silva AF. Characterization of Contemporary Conventional, Bulk-fill, and Self-adhesive Resin Composite Materials. Oper Dent 2022; 47:392-402. [PMID: 35917238 DOI: 10.2341/21-063-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the physical and biological properties of different types of flowable resin composites and their bonding ability to dentin, comparing the performance of self-adhesive and bulk-fill materials with a conventional control. METHODS AND MATERIALS Four flowable resin composites were tested: two self-adhesive (Y-flow [SA_YF]; and Dyad Flow [SA_DF]); one bulk-fill (Filtek Bulk Fill Flow [BF]); and one conventional composite (Opallis Flow [OF]). The microshear bond strength (μSBS) to dentin (bovine samples) was investigated at 24 hours and 6 months of storage. The materials were also characterized by degree of conversion, cross-link density, water contact angle, color stability, and cell viability (ISO 10993-5/2009) analyses. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). RESULTS The μSBS values were higher for control specimens at 24 hours, whereas the resin-dentin bonds were similarly distributed among the groups after aging. Adhesive failure was the most frequent pattern observed at both time intervals. SA_YF was the only material that increased the bond strength over time. Degree of conversion increased in the following order: SA_YF (28.6±1.4%) < BF (49.7±0.8%) < OF (60.0±2.0%) = SA_DF (63.6±2.3%). Cross-link density was similar among all materials. The self-adhesive composites were more hydrophilic than the other types, with BF showing the lowest water contact angle and the greatest color alteration. All resin composites had a biocompatible behavior. CONCLUSION Chemical composition appeared to be an influential factor affecting the physicomechanical and biological behavior of the materials tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- C David
- Carla David, Biopathological Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry (GIBFO), University of the Andes Mérida, Mda, Venezuela; Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - C E Cuevas-Suárez
- Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico
| | - G C de Cardoso
- Gabriela Cardoso de Cardoso, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - C P Isolan
- Cristina Pereira Isolan, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - R R de Moraes
- Rafael Ratto de Moraes, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Wlo da Rosa
- Wellington Luiz Oliveira da Rosa, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - E A Münchow
- Eliseu A Münchow, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, POA, RS, Brazil
| | - A F da Silva
- *Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Ribeiro JS, Münchow EA, Bordini EAF, Rodrigues NS, Dubey N, Sasaki H, Fenno JC, Schwendeman S, Bottino MC. Engineering of Injectable Antibiotic-laden Fibrous Microparticles Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel for Endodontic Infection Ablation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020971. [PMID: 35055155 PMCID: PMC8778034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at engineering cytocompatible and injectable antibiotic-laden fibrous microparticles gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels for endodontic infection ablation. Clindamycin (CLIN) or metronidazole (MET) was added to a polymer solution and electrospun into fibrous mats, which were processed via cryomilling to obtain CLIN- or MET-laden fibrous microparticles. Then, GelMA was modified with CLIN- or MET-laden microparticles or by using equal amounts of each set of fibrous microparticles. Morphological characterization of electrospun fibers and cryomilled particles was performed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental hydrogels were further examined for swelling, degradation, and toxicity to dental stem cells, as well as antimicrobial action against endodontic pathogens (agar diffusion) and biofilm inhibition, evaluated both quantitatively (CFU/mL) and qualitatively via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and SEM. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). The modification of GelMA with antibiotic-laden fibrous microparticles increased the hydrogel swelling ratio and degradation rate. Cell viability was slightly reduced, although without any significant toxicity (cell viability > 50%). All hydrogels containing antibiotic-laden fibrous microparticles displayed antibiofilm effects, with the dentin substrate showing nearly complete elimination of viable bacteria. Altogether, our findings suggest that the engineered injectable antibiotic-laden fibrous microparticles hydrogels hold clinical prospects for endodontic infection ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S. Ribeiro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96015-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A. Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;
| | - Ester A. F. Bordini
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalie S. Rodrigues
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Hajime Sasaki
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
| | - John C. Fenno
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA;
| | - Steven Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA;
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; (J.S.R.); (E.A.F.B.); (N.S.R.); (N.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-763-2206; Fax: +1-734-936-1597
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Carrillo-Cotto R, da Silva AF, Isolan CP, Selayaran RPG, Selayaran M, Lima FG, Münchow EA. Effects of alternatively used thermal treatments on the mechanical and fracture behavior of dental resin composites with varying filler content. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104424. [PMID: 33652234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was two-fold: (i) to investigate whether the thermal treatment of direct dental resin composites (RCs) using microwave or autoclave heating cycles would modify the materials' strength as compared to the protocol without heating (control); and (ii) to compare the mechanical performance of direct and indirect RCs. Three RCs (from 3M ESPE) were tested: one indirect (Sinfony); and two direct materials (microhybrid - Filtek Z250; and nanofilled - Filtek Z350). Specimens from the direct RCs were prepared and randomly allocated into three groups according to the thermal treatment (n = 10): Control - no thermal treatment was performed; Microwave - the wet heating was performed using a microwave oven; and Autoclave - the wet heating was performed in an autoclave oven. The indirect RC was prepared following the instructions of the manufacturer. All materials were tested using flexural strength, elastic modulus, work of fracture (Wf), microhardness, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey as well as Weibull analysis (α = 0.05). The thermal treatments tended to produce slight changes in the topography of direct RCs, especially by the autoclave' wet heating. Overall, the physico-mechanical properties changed after thermal treatment, although this effect was dependent on the type of RC and on the heating protocol. Sinfony showed the lowest modulus and hardness of the study, although it was the most compliant system (higher work of fracture). The load-deflection ability was also greater for the indirect RC. Reliability of the tested materials was similar among each other (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the alternative thermal treatments suggested here may significantly influence some aspects of the mechanical behavior of dental resin composites, with negative effects relying on both the chemical composition of the restorative material as well as on the wet heating protocol used. Clinicians should be aware of the possible effects that additional wet heating of direct resin composites using microwave or autoclave thermal protocols as performed here could have on the overall fracture and mechanical responses during loading circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Carrillo-Cotto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala; Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana F da Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina P Isolan
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel P G Selayaran
- Center for the Development and Control of Biomaterials, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maicon Selayaran
- Center for the Development and Control of Biomaterials, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio G Lima
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Münchow EA, da Silva AF, Piva E, Cuevas-Suárez CE, de Albuquerque MTP, Pinal R, Gregory RL, Breschi L, Bottino MC. Development of an antibacterial and anti-metalloproteinase dental adhesive for long-lasting resin composite restorations. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10797-10811. [PMID: 33169763 PMCID: PMC7744429 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite all the advances in adhesive dentistry, dental bonds are still fragile due to degradation events that start during application of adhesive agents and the inherent hydrolysis of resin-dentin bonds. Here, we combined two outstanding processing methods (electrospinning and cryomilling) to obtain bioactive (antimicrobial and anti-metalloproteinase) fiber-based fillers containing a potent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor (doxycycline, DOX). Poly(ε)caprolactone solutions containing different DOX amounts (0, 5, 25, and 50 wt%) were processed via electrospinning, resulting in non-toxic submicron fibers with antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. The fibers were embedded in a resin blend, light-cured, and cryomilled for the preparation of fiber-containing fillers, which were investigated with antibacterial and in situ gelatin zymography analyzes. The fillers containing 0, 25, and 50 wt% DOX-releasing fibers were added to aliquots of a two-step, etch-and-rinse dental adhesive system. Mechanical strength, hardness, degree of conversion (DC), water sorption and solubility, bond strength to dentin, and nanoleakage analyses were performed to characterize the physico-mechanical, biological, and bonding properties of the modified adhesives. Statistical analyses (ANOVA; Kruskal-Wallis) were used when appropriate to analyze the data (α = 0.05). DOX-releasing fibers were successfully obtained, showing proper morphological architecture, cytocompatibility, drug release ability, slow degradation profile, and antibacterial activity. Reduced metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity was observed only for the DOX-containing fillers, which have also demonstrated antibacterial properties against tested bacteria. Adhesive resins modified with DOX-containing fillers demonstrated greater DC and similar mechanical properties as compared to the fiber-free adhesive (unfilled control). Concerning bonding performance to dentin, the experimental adhesives showed similar immediate bond strengths to the control. After 12 months of water storage, the fiber-modified adhesives (except the group consisting of 50 wt% DOX-loaded fillers) demonstrated stable bonds to dentin. Nanoleakage was similar among all groups investigated. DOX-releasing fibers showed promising application in developing novel dentin adhesives with potential therapeutic properties and MMP inhibition ability; antibacterial activity against relevant oral pathogens, without jeopardizing the physico-mechanical characteristics; and bonding performance of the adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu A. Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Adriana F. da Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hgo, 42160 Mexico
| | - Maria T. P. de Albuquerque
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Endodontics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-040, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Pinal
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Richard L. Gregory
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abstract
Dental clinicians have relied for centuries on traditional dental materials (polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites) to restore oral health and function to patients. Clinical outcomes for many crucial dental therapies remain poor despite many decades of intense research on these materials. Recent attention has been paid to biomolecules as a chassis for engineered preventive, restorative, and regenerative approaches in dentistry. Indeed, biomolecules represent a uniquely versatile and precise tool to enable the design and development of bioinspired multifunctional dental materials to spur advancements in dentistry. In this review, we survey the range of biomolecules that have been used across dental biomaterials. Our particular focus is on the key biological activity imparted by each biomolecule toward prevention of dental and oral diseases as well as restoration of oral health. Additional emphasis is placed on the structure-function relationships between biomolecules and their biological activity, the unique challenges of each clinical condition, limitations of conventional therapies, and the advantages of each class of biomolecule for said challenge. Biomaterials for bone regeneration are not reviewed as numerous existing reviews on the topic have been recently published. We conclude our narrative review with an outlook on the future of biomolecules in dental biomaterials and potential avenues of innovation for biomaterial-based patient oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-250A Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Ribeiro JS, Münchow EA, Ferreira Bordini EA, de Oliveira da Rosa WL, Bottino MC. Antimicrobial Therapeutics in Regenerative Endodontics: A Scoping Review. J Endod 2020; 46:S115-S127. [PMID: 32950183 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review aimed to provide a critical appraisal of alternative antimicrobial strategies in lieu of traditional triple antibiotic paste (TAP). METHODS This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The literature search was performed in 8 databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, BVS, SciELO, and the Cochrane Library), selecting clinical, in vitro, in vivo, and in situ studies that evaluated antimicrobial alternatives to TAP in regenerative endodontics. Studies lacking an experimental TAP group were excluded. RESULTS A total of 1705 potentially relevant records were initially identified. From the 38 studies retrieved for full-text reading, 16 fulfilled all selection criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. According to the study design, 11 studies were solely in vitro, 1 study was both in vitro and in vivo (animal model), 2 studies were solely animal experiments, and 2 studies were clinical trials. The alternative antimicrobial agents to TAP consisted of modified TAP formulations (eg, a combination of TAP with chitosan); TAP-eluting nanofibers; propolis; chlorhexidine (CHX) gels/solutions; double antibiotic pastes composed of distinct combinations of antibiotics; Ca(OH)2-based formulations; and sodium hypochlorite. Overall, most of the alternative agents performed similarly to TAP, although some strategies (eg, Ca(OH)2- and CHX-based formulations) seemed to present dubious importance in the control of infection. CONCLUSIONS TAP still remains an excellent option in terms of the complete elimination of microorganisms. This review points to the use of electrospun fibers as a drug delivery system to offer a controlled release of the antimicrobial agent, as well as the use of natural compounds, deserving future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Ribeiro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ester A Ferreira Bordini
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Gonçalves NI, Münchow EA, Santos JD, Sato TP, de Oliveira LR, de Arruda Paes-Junior TJ, Bottino MC, Borges ALS. The role of polymeric nanofibers on the mechanical behavior of polymethyl methacrylate resin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 112:104072. [PMID: 32911228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize non-woven acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyamide-6 (P6), and polystyrene (PS) nanofibers, and evaluate their effects on the flexural strength and fracture resistance of fiber-modified polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin. ABS, P6, and PS polymer solutions were prepared and electrospun into fiber mats, which were characterized by means of morphological, chemical, physical, and mechanical analyses. The fiber mats were then used to modify a thermally-activated PMMA resin, resulting in four testing groups: one unmodified group (control) and three fiber-modified groups incorporated with ABS, P6, or PS fiber mats. Flexural strength, work of fracture, and fractographic analysis were performed for all groups. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis or ANOVA tests (α = 0.05). The fiber diameter decreased, respectively, as follows: ABS > P6 > PS. Only the P6 fiber mats demonstrated a crystalline structure. Wettability was similar among the distinct fiber mats, although tensile strength was significantly greater for P6, followed by ABS, and then PS mats. Flexural strength of the fiber-modified PMMA resins was similar to the control, except for the weaker P6-based material. The work of fracture seemed to be greater and lower when the P6 and PS fibers were used, respectively. The fiber-modified groups exhibited a rougher pattern in the fractured surfaces when compared to the control, which may suggest that the presence of fibers deviates the direction of crack propagation, making the fracture mechanism of the PMMA resin more dynamic. While the neat PMMA showed a typical brittle response, the fiber-modified PMMA resins demonstrated a ductile response, combined with voids, suggesting large shear deformation during fracture. Altogether, despite the lack of direct reinforcement in the mechanical strength of the PMMA resin, the use of electrospun fibers showed promising application for the improvement of fracture behavior of PMMA resins, turning them into more compliant materials, although this effect may depend on the fiber composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália I Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica D Santos
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tabata P Sato
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia R de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Alexandre L S Borges
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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Nagata JY, Fagundes FB, Münchow EA, Albuquerque MT. Single-session Endodontic Treatment is a Reality in Low-income Areas in Brazil? J Contemp Dent Pract 2020; 21:657-665. [PMID: 33025935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to investigate the total number of visits required to conclude root canal treatments (RCTs) as well as the motivations associated to the choice of dentists practicing in low-income areas of Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 3,103 questionnaires were electronically and individually delivered to professionals of Salvador, Sergipe, and Alagoas (Brazil). The questionnaire encompassed sociodemographic data and questions regarding the number of sessions required to conclude RCT. Also, postoperative pain, professional qualification, the use of technological resources, and time for one-visit treatment were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Poisson regression analyses (p < 0.05). RESULTS A total of 326 responses were obtained with higher prevalence of specialists in the field of endodontics (36.8%). Dentists reported greater preference for rotary instrumentation (Alagoas 54.6%, Aracaju 62.1%, and Salvador 83.5%), and most of the participants reported multiple visits to treat root canals with the necrotic pulp tissue associated or not to periapical radiolucency, excluding Salvador (53.8%). Dentists who graduated in public dental schools were less likely to perform RCT of necrotic teeth with periapical lesion in one clinical appointment (p = 0.034). The single-session therapy was positively associated to continuing education attendance (p = 0.004) and to the occurrence of clinical complications (p < 0.001). Dentists who graduated in lato sensu programs were more likely to conclude RCT in less than 60 minutes (p < 0.001), although the occurrence of postoperative pain was more likely observed upon this scenario (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Despite the social inequalities in the analyzed area, professionals have been seeking for knowledge by means of continuing education programs and the implementation of technological resources in their clinical routine, although this fact has poorly influenced the acceleration of RCT. Clinical significances: The total number of visits to conclude endodontic treatment may be influenced by both professional and biological parameters such as the attendance to postgraduation programs and the use of technology as well as to the biological condition of the pulp and the occurrence of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Y Nagata
- Dentistry Department, Endodontics, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil, e-mail:
| | - Fernanda B Fagundes
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Endodontics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Tp Albuquerque
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Endodontics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Kalagi S, Feitosa SA, Münchow EA, Martins VM, Karczewski AE, Cook NB, Diefenderfer K, Eckert GJ, Geraldeli S, Bottino MC. Chlorhexidine-modified nanotubes and their effects on the polymerization and bonding performance of a dental adhesive. Dent Mater 2020; 36:687-697. [PMID: 32241557 PMCID: PMC7224330 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to synthesize chlorhexidine (CHX)-encapsulated aluminosilicate clay nanotubes (Halloysite®, HNTs) and to incorporate them into the primer/adhesive components of an etch-and-rinse adhesive system (SBMP; Scotchbond Multipurpose, 3M ESPE) and to test their effects on degree of conversion, viscosity, immediate and long-term bonding to dentin. METHODS CHX-modified HNTs were synthesized using 10% or 20% CHX solutions. The primer and the adhesive components of SBMP were incorporated with 15wt.% of the CHX-encapsulated HNTs. Degree of conversion (DC) and viscosity analyses were performed to characterize the modified primers/adhesives. For bond strength testing, acid-etched dentin was treated with one of the following: SBMP (control); 0.2%CHX solution before SBMP; CHX-modified primers+SBMP adhesive; SBMP primer+CHX-modified adhesives; and SBMP primer+CHX-free HNT-modified adhesive. The microtensile bond strength test was performed after immediate (24h) and long-term (6 months) of water storage. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey (α=5%) and the Weibull analysis. RESULTS DC was greater for the CHX-free HNT-modified adhesive, whereas the other experimental adhesives showed similar DC as compared with the control. Primers were less viscous than the adhesives, without significant differences within the respective materials. At 24h, all groups showed similar bonding performance and structural reliability; whereas at the 6-month period, groups treated with the 0.2%CHX solution prior bonding or with the CHX-modified primers resulted in greater bond strength than the control and superior reliability. SIGNIFICANCE The modification of a primer or adhesive with CHX-encapsulated HNTs was an advantageous approach that did not impair the polymerization, viscosity and bonding performance of the materials, showing a promising long-term effect on resin-dentin bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kalagi
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrina A Feitosa
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, IUSD, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Victor M Martins
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, IUSD, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ashley E Karczewski
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, IUSD, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - N Blaine Cook
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kim Diefenderfer
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - George J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Sotomil JM, Münchow EA, Pankajakshan D, Spolnik KJ, Ferreira JA, Gregory RL, Bottino MC. Curcumin-A Natural Medicament for Root Canal Disinfection: Effects of Irrigation, Drug Release, and Photoactivation. J Endod 2019; 45:1371-1377. [PMID: 31542283 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Curcumin incorporation into polymeric fibers was tested for its antimicrobial properties and potential use in root canal disinfection. METHODS Curcumin-modified fibers were processed via electrospinning and tested against a 7-day old established Actinomyces naeslundii biofilm. The medicaments tested were as follows: curcumin-modified fibers at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL, curcumin-based irrigant at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL, saline solution (negative control), and the following positive controls: 2% chlorhexidine, 1% sodium hypochlorite, and triple antibiotic paste (TAP, 1 mg/mL). All medicaments, except for the positive controls, were allocated according to the light exposure protocol (ie, photoactivation with a light-emitting diode every 30 seconds for 4 minutes or without photoactivation). After treatment, the medicaments were removed, and 1 mL saline solution was added; the biofilm was scraped from the well and used to prepare a 1:2000 dilution. Spiral plating was performed using anaerobic blood agar plates. After 24 hours, colony-forming units (colony-forming units/mL, n = 11/group) were counted to determine the antimicrobial effects. RESULTS Data exhibited significant antimicrobial effects on the positive control groups followed by the curcumin irrigants and, lastly, the photoactivated curcumin-modified fibers. There was a significant reduction of viable bacteria in curcumin-based irrigants, which was greater than the TAP-treated group. Curcumin-free fibers, saline, and the nonphotoactivated curcumin-modified fibers did not display antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin seems to be a potential alternative to TAP when controlling infection, but it requires a minimal concentration (2.5 mg/mL) to be effective. Photoactivation of curcumin-based medicaments seems to be essential to obtain greater antibiofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Sotomil
- Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Divya Pankajakshan
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kenneth J Spolnik
- Department of Endodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jessica A Ferreira
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Richard L Gregory
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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15
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Bottino MC, Albuquerque MTP, Azabi A, Münchow EA, Spolnik KJ, Nör JE, Edwards PC. A novel patient-specific three-dimensional drug delivery construct for regenerative endodontics. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:1576-1586. [PMID: 30281899 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evoked bleeding (EB) clinical procedure, comprising a disinfection step followed by periapical tissue laceration to induce the ingrowth of undifferentiated stem cells from the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, is currently the only regenerative-based therapeutic approach to treating pulp tissue necrosis in undeveloped (immature) permanent teeth approved in the United States. Yet, the disinfection step using antibiotic-based pastes leads to cytotoxic, warranting a biocompatible strategy to promote root canal disinfection with no or minimal side-effects to maximize the regenerative outcomes. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a tubular three-dimensional (3D) triple antibiotic-eluting construct for intracanal drug delivery. Morphological (scanning electron microscopy), chemical (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and mechanical (tensile testing) characteristics of the polydioxanone-based triple antibiotic-eluting fibers were assessed. The antimicrobial properties of the tubular 3D constructs were determined in vitro and in vivo using an infected (Actinomyces naeslundii) dentin tooth slice model and a canine method of periapical disease, respectively. The in vitro data indicated significant antimicrobial activity and the ability to eliminate bacterial biofilm inside dentinal tubules. In vivo histological findings demonstrated that, using the EB procedure, the tubular 3D triple antibiotic-eluting construct allowed the formation of an appropriate environment that led to apex closure and the ingrowth of a thin layer of osteodentin-like tissue into the root canal. Taken together, these findings indicate that our novel drug delivery construct is a promising biocompatible disinfection strategy for immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1576-1586, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Maria T P Albuquerque
- Department of Clinical Dentistry (Endodontics), Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110, Brazil
| | - Asma Azabi
- Department of Biomedical & Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, 35010, Brazil
| | | | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Paul C Edwards
- Department of Oral Pathology, Medicine, and Radiology, IUSD, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
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16
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Münchow EA, Bottino MC. Recent Advances in Adhesive Bonding - The Role of Biomolecules, Nanocompounds, and Bonding Strategies in Enhancing Resin Bonding to Dental Substrates. Curr Oral Health Rep 2017; 4:215-227. [PMID: 29177123 PMCID: PMC5697773 DOI: 10.1007/s40496-017-0146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present an overview on the main agents (i.e., biomolecules and nanocompounds) and/or strategies currently available to amplify or stabilize resin-dentin bonding. RECENT FINDINGS According to studies retrieved for full text reading (2014-2017), there are currently six major strategies available to overcome resin-dentin bond degradation: (i) use of collagen crosslinking agents, which may form stable covalent bonds with collagen fibrils, thus strengthening the hybrid layer; (ii) use of antioxidants, which may allow further polymerization reactions over time; (iii) use of protease inhibitors, which may inhibit or inactivate metalloproteinases; (iv) modification of the bonding procedure, which may be performed by using the ethanol wet-bonding technique or by applying an additional adhesive (hydrophobic) coating, thereby strengthening the hybrid layer; (v) laser treatment of the substrate prior to bonding, which may cause specific topographic changes in the surface of dental substrates, increasing bonding efficacy; and (vi) reinforcement of the resin matrix with inorganic fillers and/or remineralizing agents, which may positively enhance physico-mechanical properties of the hybrid layer. SUMMARY With the present review, we contributed to the better understanding of adhesion concepts and mechanisms of resin-dentin bond degradation, showing the current prospects available to solve that problematic. Also, adhesively-bonded restorations may be benefited by the use of some biomolecules, nanocompounds or alternative bonding strategies in order to minimize bond strength degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu A. Münchow
- Department of Dentistry, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG 35010, Brazil
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Shahi RG, Albuquerque MTP, Münchow EA, Blanchard SB, Gregory RL, Bottino MC. Novel bioactive tetracycline-containing electrospun polymer fibers as a potential antibacterial dental implant coating. Odontology 2016; 105:354-363. [PMID: 27585669 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-016-0268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the ability of tetracycline-containing fibers to inhibit biofilm formation of peri-implantitis-associated pathogens [i.e., Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)]. Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) was added to a poly(DL-lactide) [PLA], poly(ε-caprolactone) [PCL], and gelatin [GEL] polymer blend solution at distinct concentrations to obtain the following fibers: PLA:PCL/GEL (TCH-free, control), PLA:PCL/GEL + 5 % TCH, PLA:PCL/GEL + 10 % TCH, and PLA:PCL/GEL + 25 % TCH. The inhibitory effect of TCH-containing fibers on biofilm formation was assessed by colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Qualitative analysis of biofilm inhibition was done via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical significance was reported at p < 0.05. Complete inhibition of biofilm formation on the fibers was observed in groups containing TCH at 10 and 25 wt%. Fibers containing TCH at 5 wt% demonstrated complete inhibition of Aa biofilm. Even though a marked reduction in CFU/mL was observed with an increase in TCH concentration, Pi proved to be the most resilient microorganism. SEM images revealed the absence of or a notable decrease in bacterial biofilm on the TCH-containing nanofibers. Collectively, our data suggest that tetracycline-containing fibers hold great potential as an antibacterial dental implant coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Shahi
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan St. (DS270B), Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Periodontics and Allied Dental Programs, IUSD, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - M T P Albuquerque
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan St. (DS270B), Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - E A Münchow
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan St. (DS270B), Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - S B Blanchard
- Department of Periodontics and Allied Dental Programs, IUSD, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - R L Gregory
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan St. (DS270B), Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - M C Bottino
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan St. (DS270B), Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Bottino MC, Münchow EA, Albuquerque MTP, Kamocki K, Shahi R, Gregory RL, Chu TMG, Pankajakshan D. Tetracycline-incorporated polymer nanofibers as a potential dental implant surface modifier. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2085-2092. [PMID: 27405272 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antimicrobial and osteogenic properties of titanium (Ti) disks superficially modified with tetracycline (TCH)-incorporated polymer nanofibers. The experiments were carried out in two phases. The first phase dealt with the synthesis and characterization (i.e., morphology, mechanical strength, drug release, antimicrobial activity, and cytocompatibility) of TCH-incorporated fibers. The second phase was dedicated to evaluating both the antimicrobial and murine-derived osteoprecursor cell (MC3T3-E1) response of Ti-modified with TCH-incorporated fibers. TCH was successfully incorporated into the submicron-sized and cytocompatible fibers. All TCH-incorporated mats presented significant antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. The antimicrobial potential of the TCH-incorporated fibers-modified Ti was influenced by both the TCH concentration and bacteria tested. At days 5 and 7, a significant increase in MC3T3-E1 cell number was observed for TCH-incorporated nanofibers-modified Ti disks when compared to that of TCH-free nanofibers-modified Ti-disks and bare Ti. A significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels on the Ti disks modified with TCH-incorporated nanofiber on days 7 and 14 was seen, suggesting that the proposed surface promotes early osteogenic differentiation. Collectively, the data suggest that TCH-incorporated nanofibers could function as an antimicrobial surface modifier and osteogenic inducer for Ti dental implants. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2085-2092, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco C Bottino
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Maria T P Albuquerque
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Krzysztof Kamocki
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Rana Shahi
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Richard L Gregory
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Tien-Min G Chu
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Divya Pankajakshan
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
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Münchow EA, Hamann HJ, Carvajal MT, Pinal R, Bottino MC. Stain removal effect of novel papain- and bromelain-containing gels applied to enamel. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2315-2320. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Backer AD, Münchow EA, Eckert GJ, Hara AT, Platt JA, Bottino MC. Effects of Simulated Gastric Juice on CAD/CAM Resin Composites-Morphological and Mechanical Evaluations. J Prosthodont 2015; 26:424-431. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana D. Backer
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
- Department of Prosthodontics; Graduate Prosthodontics, IUSD; Indianapolis IN
| | - Eliseu A. Münchow
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - George J. Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN
| | - Anderson T. Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health; IUSD; Indianapolis IN
| | - Jeffrey A. Platt
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
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21
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Valente LL, Silva MF, Fonseca AS, Münchow EA, Isolan CP, Moraes RR. Effect of Diamond Bur Grit Size on Composite Repair. J Adhes Dent 2015; 17:257-63. [PMID: 26114162 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.a34398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of diamond bur grit size on the repair bond strength of fresh and aged resin composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blocks of microhybrid composite (Opallis, FGM) were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h (fresh composite) or subjected to 5000 thermal cycles (aged composite). The surfaces were roughened using diamond-coated, flame-shaped carbide burs with medium grit (#3168), fine grit (#3168F), or extra-fine grit (#3168FF). The control group underwent no surface treatment. Surface roughness, water contact angle, and surface topography by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated (n = 3). Samples were restored with resin composite and sectioned into beam-shaped specimens, which were subjected to microtensile bond testing. Failure modes were classified using a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed using the Student- Newman-Keuls test and two-way ANOVA, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Higher surface roughness was observed for groups treated with the medium- and fine-grit burs; aged composites were rougher than fresh composites. The water contact angle formed on the aged composite was lower than that on the fresh composite. The highest repair bond strength was observed for the fine-grit bur group, and the lowest was recorded for control. Interfacial failures were more predominant. SEM images showed that the surfaces treated with fine- and extra-fine-grit burs had a more irregular topography. CONCLUSION Surface roughening of fresh or aged resin composites with diamond burs improved retention of the repair material. Fine-grit burs generally performed better than medium- and extra-fine-grit burs.
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Münchow EA, Pankajakshan D, Albuquerque MTP, Kamocki K, Piva E, Gregory RL, Bottino MC. Synthesis and characterization of CaO-loaded electrospun matrices for bone tissue engineering. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:1921-1933. [PMID: 26612403 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to synthesize and characterize biodegradable polymer-based matrices loaded with CaO nanoparticles for osteomyelitis treatment and bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS AND METHODS Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL/gelatin (1:1, w/w) solutions containing CaO nanoparticles were electrospun into fibrous matrices. Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), contact angle (CA), tensile testing, and antibacterial activity (agar diffusion assay) against Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Osteoprecursor cell (MC3T3-E1) response (i.e., viability and alkaline phosphatase expression/ALP) and infiltration into the matrices were evaluated. RESULTS CaO nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the fibers, with the median fiber diameter decreasing after CaO incorporation. The CA decreased with the addition of CaO, and the presence of gelatin made the matrix very hydrophilic (CA = 0°). Increasing CaO concentrations progressively reduced the mechanical properties (p ≤ 0.030). CaO-loaded matrices did not display consistent antibacterial activity. MC3T3-E1 cell viability demonstrated the highest levels for CaO-loaded matrices containing gelatin after 7 days in culture. An increased ALP expression was consistently seen for PCL/CaO matrices when compared to PCL and gelatin-containing counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Despite inconsistent antibacterial activity, CaO nanoparticles can be effectively loaded into PCL or PCL/gelatin fibers without negatively affecting the overall performance of the matrices. More importantly, CaO incorporation enhanced cell viability as well as differentiation capacity, as demonstrated by an increased ALP expression. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE CaO-loaded electrospun matrices show potential for applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu A Münchow
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, 96065-560, Brazil
| | - Divya Pankajakshan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Maria T P Albuquerque
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos Dental School, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Krzysztof Kamocki
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Evandro Piva
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, 96065-560, Brazil
| | - Richard L Gregory
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry , 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Feitosa SA, Münchow EA, Al-Zain AO, Kamocki K, Platt JA, Bottino MC. Synthesis and characterization of novel halloysite-incorporated adhesive resins. J Dent 2015; 43:1316-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Porter MLA, Münchow EA, Albuquerque MTP, Spolnik KJ, Hara AT, Bottino MC. Effects of Novel 3-dimensional Antibiotic-containing Electrospun Scaffolds on Dentin Discoloration. J Endod 2015; 42:106-12. [PMID: 26602451 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although intracanal application of the triple antibiotic paste (TAP) may offer advantages (eg, disinfection), this practice has been associated with significant drawbacks, including tooth discoloration. In this study, the color change of dentin was monitored during treatment with distinct TAP pastes and novel tubular-shaped 3-dimensional electrospun scaffolds containing minocycline (MINO) or doxycycline (DOX). METHODS Two TAP pastes (TAPMINO [MINO, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin] and TAPDOX [DOX, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin]), 4 scaffold-based groups containing MINO or DOX at distinct concentrations, 1 antibiotic-free scaffold, and 1 untreated group (control) were investigated. Human canines were sectioned at the cementoenamel junction and tubular-shaped scaffolds or paste were placed into the root canals and sealed. Color measurements (CIEL(*)a(*)b(*) parameters) were performed at baseline and after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Color changes were expressed as ΔE(*) values. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were also performed on the specimens after treatment. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS All antibiotic-containing groups led to greater discoloration than the antibiotic-free groups. A severe discoloration occurred after 1 day. At the end of the experiment, antibiotic-treated samples exhibited crusts/agglomerates over the dentin surface, which totally or partially obliterated the dentinal tubules. The presence of MINO resulted in a greater color change than DOX. CONCLUSIONS Scaffolds containing MINO or DOX produced similar color change to dentin when compared with their respective TAP systems, although DOX-related discoloration was less pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Louise A Porter
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria T P Albuquerque
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana; Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos Dental School, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J Spolnik
- Department of Endodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Anderson T Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Münchow EA, Albuquerque MTP, Zero B, Kamocki K, Piva E, Gregory RL, Bottino MC. Development and characterization of novel ZnO-loaded electrospun membranes for periodontal regeneration. Dent Mater 2015; 31:1038-51. [PMID: 26116414 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study reports on the synthesis, materials characterization, antimicrobial capacity, and cytocompatibility of novel ZnO-loaded membranes for guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR). METHODS Poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL/gelatin (PCL/GEL) were dissolved in hexafluoropropanol and loaded with ZnO at distinct concentrations: 0 (control), 5, 15, and 30wt.%. Electrospinning was performed using optimized parameters and the fibers were characterized via scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM/TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle (CA), mechanical testing, antimicrobial activity against periodontopathogens, and cytotoxicity test using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey (α=5%). RESULTS ZnO nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into the overall submicron fibers, which showed fairly good morphology and microstructure. Upon ZnO nanoparticles' incorporation, the PCL and PCL/GEL fibers became thicker and thinner, respectively. All GEL-containing membranes showed lower CA than the PCL-based membranes, which were highly hydrophobic. Overall, the mechanical properties of the membranes were reduced upon ZnO incorporation, except for PCL-based membranes containing ZnO at the 30wt.% concentration. The presence of GEL enhanced the stretching ability of membranes under wet conditions. All ZnO-containing membranes displayed antibacterial activity against the bacteria tested, which was generally more pronounced with increased ZnO content. All membranes synthesized in this study demonstrated satisfactory cytocompatibility, although the presence of 30wt.% ZnO led to decreased viability. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, this study suggests that PCL- and PCL/GEL-based membranes containing a low content of ZnO nanoparticles can potentially function as a biologically safe antimicrobial GTR/GBR membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), School of Dentistry, Pelotas, RS 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza P Albuquerque
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos Dental School, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Bianca Zero
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kamocki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Evandro Piva
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), School of Dentistry, Pelotas, RS 96015-560, Brazil
| | | | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Münchow EA, Ferreira ACA, Machado RMM, Ramos TS, Rodrigues-Junior SA, Zanchi CH. Effect of Acidic Solutions on the Surface Degradation of a Micro-Hybrid Composite Resin. Braz Dent J 2014; 25:321-6. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Composite resins may undergo wear by the action of chemical substances (e.g., saliva, alcohol, bacterial acids) of the oral environment, which may affect the material's structure and surface properties. This study evaluated the effect of acidic substances on the surface properties of a micro-hybrid composite resin (Filtek Z-250). Eighty specimens were prepared, and baseline hardness and surface roughness (KMN0 and Ra0, respectively) were measured. The specimens were subjected to sorption (SO) and solubility (SL) tests according to ISO 4049:2009, but using different storage solutions: deionized water; 75/25 vol% ethanol/water solution; lactic acid; propionic acid; and acetic acid. The acids were used in two concentrations: PA and 0.02 N. pH was measured for all solutions and final hardness (KMN1) and surface roughness (Ra1) were measured. Data were analyzed with paired t-tests and one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=5%). All solutions decreased hardness and increased the Ra values, except for the specimens stored in water and 0.02 N lactic acid, which maintained the hardness. All solutions produced similar SO and SL phenomena, except for the 0.02 N lactic acid, which caused lower solubility than the other solutions. Ethanol showed the highest pH (6.6) and the 0.02 N lactic acid the lowest one (2.5). The solutions affected negatively the surface properties of the composite resin; in addition, an acidic pH did not seem to be a significant factor that intensifies the surface degradation phenomena.
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Münchow EA, Valente LL, Peralta SL, Fernández MR, Lima GDS, Petzhold CL, Piva E, Ogliari FA. 1,3-Diethyl-2-thiobarbituric acid as an alternative coinitiator for acidic photopolymerizable dental materials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1217-21. [PMID: 23564499 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB) is widely used as a coinitiator of the camphorquinone (CQ), but in acidic circumstances it might present some instability, reducing the polymerization efficiency of the material. Considering this, new coinitiators are being evaluated. Hence, this study evaluated the kinetic of polymerization (KP), the degree of conversion (DC), and the rate of polymerization (RP ) of experimental resin adhesives containing 1,3-diethyl-2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) as a coinitiator of the CQ. The experimental monomeric blend was prepared with bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and acidic monomers. CQ was added at 1 mol % as photoinitiator. Six groups were formulated: four containing concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mol % of TBA, one without coinitiator, and the last one containing 1 mol % of EDAB (control group). The KP and the RP were performed using real-time Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. The group without coinitiator has not formed a polymer, whereas the addition of TBA resulted in the conversion of monomers in polymer. The DC of the adhesives was as higher as the increase in the TBA content. The group with 2 mol % of TBA presented improved DC and reactivity (RP ) than the other groups and the control one. Hence, the TBA has performed as a coinitiator of the CQ for the radical polymerization of methacrylate resin adhesives and it has improved the DC and the reactivity of the materials. Thus, it is a potential coinitiator for the photopolymerization of dental materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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