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Mahoney-Rafferty EC, Tucker HR, Akhtar K, Herlihy R, Audil A, Shah D, Gupta M, Kochman EM, Feustel PJ, Molho ES, Pilitsis JG, Shin DS. Assessing the Location, Relative Expression and Subclass of Dopamine Receptors in the Cerebellum of Hemi-Parkinsonian Rats. Neuroscience 2023; 521:1-19. [PMID: 37116741 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway resulting in basal ganglia (BG) dysfunction. This is largely why much of the preclinical and clinical research has focused on pathophysiological changes in these brain areas in PD. The cerebellum is another motor area of the brain. Yet, if and how this brain area responds to PD therapy and contributes to maintaining motor function fidelity in the face of diminished BG function remains largely unanswered. Limited research suggests that dopaminergic signaling exists in the cerebellum with functional dopamine receptors, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporters (DATs); however, much of this information is largely derived from healthy animals and humans. Here, we identified the location and relative expression of dopamine 1 receptors (D1R) and dopamine 2 receptors (D2R) in the cerebellum of a hemi-parkinsonian male rat model of PD. D1R expression was higher in PD animals compared to sham animals in both hemispheres in the purkinje cell layer (PCL) and granule cell layer (GCL) of the cerebellar cortex. Interestingly, D2R expression was higher in PD animals than sham animals mostly in the posterior lobe of the PCL, but no discernible pattern of D2R expression was seen in the GCL between PD and sham animals. To our knowledge, we are the first to report these findings, which may lay the foundation for further interrogation of the role of the cerebellum in PD therapy and/or pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Mahoney-Rafferty
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Heidi R Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kainat Akhtar
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Rachael Herlihy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Aliyah Audil
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Dia Shah
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Megan Gupta
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Eliyahu M Kochman
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Paul J Feustel
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Eric S Molho
- Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Julie G Pilitsis
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Damian S Shin
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Tucker HR, Mahoney E, Akhtar K, Kao TJ, Mamone G, Mikkilineni S, Ravi M, Watkins H, Terrelonge DL, Martin C, Unger K, Kim G, Fiber K, Gupta M, Indajang J, Kochman EM, Sachs N, Feustel P, Molho ES, Pilitsis JG, Shin DS. Motor Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Alters Cortical Activity and Shows Therapeutic Utility for Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Symptoms in a Rat Model. Neuroscience 2021; 460:88-106. [PMID: 33631218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) alters neuronal function and network communication to improve motor symptoms. The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the most common DBS target for PD, but some patients experience adverse effects on memory and cognition. Previously, we reported that DBS of the ventral anterior (VA) and ventrolateral (VL) nuclei of the thalamus and at the interface between the two (VA|VL), collectively VA-VL, relieved forelimb akinesia in the hemiparkinsonian 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model. To determine the mechanism(s) underlying VA-VL DBS efficacy, we examined how motor cortical neurons respond to VA-VL DBS using single-unit recording electrodes in anesthetized 6-OHDA lesioned rats. VA-VL DBS increased spike frequencies of primary (M1) and secondary (M2) motor cortical pyramidal cells and M2, but not M1, interneurons. To explore the translational merits of VA-VL DBS, we compared the therapeutic window, rate of stimulation-induced dyskinesia onset, and effects on memory between VA-VL and STN DBS. VA-VL and STN DBS had comparable therapeutic windows, induced dyskinesia at similar rates in hemiparkinsonian rats, and adversely affected performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) test in cognitively normal and mildly impaired sham animals. Interestingly, a subset of sham rats with VA-VL implants showed severe cognitive deficits with DBS off. VA-VL DBS improved NOR test performance in these animals. We conclude that VA-VL DBS may exert its therapeutic effects by increasing pyramidal cell activity in the motor cortex and interneuron activity in the M2, with plausible potential to improve memory in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Emily Mahoney
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kainat Akhtar
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Gianna Mamone
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Saisree Mikkilineni
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Maya Ravi
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hanel Watkins
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Danielle-Lee Terrelonge
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Caryn Martin
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Unger
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Gabrielle Kim
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kyra Fiber
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Megan Gupta
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Indajang
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eliyahu M Kochman
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Natasha Sachs
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Paul Feustel
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eric S Molho
- Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Julie G Pilitsis
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Damian S Shin
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA.
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Akhtar K, Hirschstein Z, Stefanelli A, Iannilli E, Srinivasan A, Barenboim L, Balkaya M, Cunha A, Audil A, Kochman EM, Chua F, Ravi M, Mikkilineni S, Watkins H, O'Connor W, Fan Y, Cotero V, Ashe J, Puleo C, Kao TJ, Shin DS. Non-invasive peripheral focused ultrasound neuromodulation of the celiac plexus ameliorates symptoms in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1038-1060. [PMID: 33512049 DOI: 10.1113/ep088848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does peripheral non-invasive focused ultrasound targeted to the celiac plexus improve inflammatory bowel disease? What is the main finding and its importance? Peripheral non-invasive focused ultrasound targeted to the celiac plexus in a rat model of ulcerative colitis improved stool consistency and reduced stool bloodiness, which coincided with a longer and healthier colon than in animals without focused ultrasound treatment. The findings suggest that this novel neuromodulatory technology could serve as a plausible therapeutic approach for improving symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. ABSTRACT Individuals suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience significantly diminished quality of life. Here, we aim to stimulate the celiac plexus with non-invasive peripheral focused ultrasound (FUS) to modulate the enteric cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. This approach may have clinical utility as an efficacious IBD treatment given the non-invasive and targeted nature of this therapy. We employed the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of colitis, administering lower (5%) and higher (7%) doses to rats in drinking water. FUS on the celiac plexus administered twice a day for 12 consecutive days to rats with severe IBD improved stool consistency scores from 2.2 ± 1 to 1.0 ± 0.0 with peak efficacy on day 5 and maximum reduction in gross bleeding scores from 1.8 ± 0.8 to 0.8 ± 0.8 on day 6. Similar improvements were seen in animals in the low dose DSS group, who received FUS only once daily for 12 days. Moreover, animals in the high dose DSS group receiving FUS twice daily maintained colon length (17.7 ± 2.5 cm), while rats drinking DSS without FUS exhibited marked damage and shortening of the colon (13.8 ± 0.6 cm) as expected. Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were reduced with DSS but coincided with control levels after FUS, which is plausibly due to a loss of colon crypts in the former and healthier crypts in the latter. Lastly, overall, these results suggest non-invasive FUS of peripheral ganglion can deliver precision therapy to improve IBD symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Akhtar
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Zall Hirschstein
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Allison Stefanelli
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Emilia Iannilli
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Srinivasan
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Linda Barenboim
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mustafa Balkaya
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Cunha
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Aliyah Audil
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eliyahu M Kochman
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Fuyee Chua
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Maya Ravi
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Saisree Mikkilineni
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Hanel Watkins
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - William O'Connor
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ying Fan
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Ashe
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | | | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - Damian S Shin
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
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