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Reidy M, Primo J, Alissa F, Sinclair EM. Management of Esophageal Stricture and Perforation Complicated by Undiagnosed Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Pill Impaction. JPGN Rep 2023; 4:e360. [PMID: 38034431 PMCID: PMC10684223 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maeve Reidy
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Julia Primo
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Feras Alissa
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA
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2
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Sinclair EM, Agarwal M, Santore MT, Sauer CG, Riedesel EL. Single-Center Retrospective Review of the Presentation and Initial Care of Esophageal Button Battery Impactions 2007-2020. Pediatr Emerg Care 2023; 39:259-264. [PMID: 35353766 PMCID: PMC9519803 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to characterize the patient population and initial presentation and care of esophageal button battery ingestion and provide descriptive data including factors affecting accurate diagnosis, duration of battery exposure, and battery removal. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study from 2007 to 2020 at a single-center, large-volume, urban academic pediatric hospital system. Included participants were children 6 months to 18 years old who underwent removal of an esophageal button battery impaction at our institution. RESULTS Our cohort comprised 63 patients; ages ranged from 7 to 87 months with a median of 27 months. Median button battery size was 2.12 cm with 59% lodged in the proximal esophagus. A prolonged impaction, greater than 12 hours, occurred in 46% of patients. Risk ratio analysis demonstrated that lack of caregiver suspicion of ingestion was associated with prolonged impaction (risk ratio, 3.39; confidence interval, 2.15-5.34). Misdiagnosis of button battery ingestion occurred in 10% of cases. The majority of patients, 87%, required transfer from a referring facility with a median total distance of 37 miles (range, 1.4-160 miles) from home to facility where battery was removed. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE This study describes the initial presentation and care of a large cohort of pediatric esophageal button battery ingestion. It emphasizes the continued need for primary prevention, prompt identification, and removal of these batteries. There are many challenges in caring for these patients involving multiple pediatric disciplines, and guidelines encompassing a multidisciplinary approach would be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maneesha Agarwal
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Matthew T Santore
- Pediatric Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Surgery and Pediatrics
| | | | - Erica L Riedesel
- Pediatric Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Radiology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Edwards-Salmon S, Moraczewski J, Offerle T, Sinclair EM, Xiang Y, Gillespie S, Kruszewski P. Comparing Eosinophilic Esophagitis in a Black and Non-Black Pediatric Cohort. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022; 75:485-490. [PMID: 35797567 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare presenting symptoms, comorbidities, disease, and treatment characteristics of a black pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) group to a non-black pediatric EoE group. METHODS A retrospective chart review consisting of pediatric patients diagnosed with EoE between the years of 2010 and 2018 at a single urban pediatric hospital system comprising 143 black pediatric patients compared with 142 non-black pediatric patients with similar distribution of age and sex. RESULTS Both groups were majority male, and the median age of diagnosis between the black and non-black group was 5.1 and 6.7 years old, respectively. Comorbidities more commonly seen in the black group included food allergies, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Black patients were more likely to present with failure to thrive (FTT)/poor growth, whereas non-black patients were more likely to present with abdominal pain. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in achieving remission using current therapies. The black group had higher rates of nonadherence to medical therapies. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study to date comparing a black versus non-black pediatric EoE population. The black population had more atopic comorbidities and FTT at presentation and had significantly more issues with nonadherence. This new knowledge describing EoE in a minority population will hopefully improve awareness, diagnosis, and management of EoE in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Edwards-Salmon
- From the Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- the Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth M Sinclair
- the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yijin Xiang
- From the Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Scott Gillespie
- From the Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Patrice Kruszewski
- the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Middelberg LK, Leonard JC, Shi J, Aranda A, Brown JC, Cochran CL, Eastep K, Gonzalez R, Haasz M, Herskovitz S, Hoffmann JA, Koral A, Lamoshi A, Levitte S, Lo YHJ, Montminy T, Novak I, Ng K, Novotny NM, Parrado RH, Ruan W, Shapiro J, Sinclair EM, Stewart AM, Talathi S, Tavarez MM, Townsend P, Zaytsev J, Rudolph B. High-Powered Magnet Exposures in Children: A Multi-Center Cohort Study. Pediatrics 2022; 149:184737. [PMID: 35112127 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-054543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES High-powered magnets were effectively removed from the US market by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) in 2012 but returned in 2016 after federal court decisions. The United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit cited imprecise data among other reasons as justification for overturning CPSC protections. Since then, incidence of high-powered magnet exposure has increased markedly, but outcome data are limited. In this study, we aim to describe the epidemiology and outcomes in children seeking medical care for high-powered magnets after reintroduction to market. METHODS This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients aged 0 to 21 years with a confirmed high-powered magnet exposure (ie, ingestion or insertion) at 25 children's hospitals in the United States between 2017 and 2019. RESULTS Of 596 patients with high-powered magnet exposures identified, 362 (60.7%) were male and 566 (95%) were <14 years of age. Nearly all sought care for magnet ingestion (n = 574, 96.3%), whereas 17 patients (2.9%) presented for management of nasal or aural magnet foreign bodies, 4 (0.7%) for magnets in their genitourinary tract, and 1 patient (0.2%) had magnets in their respiratory tract. A total of 57 children (9.6%) had a life-threatening morbidity; 276 (46.3%) required an endoscopy, surgery, or both; and 332 (55.7%) required hospitalization. There was no reported mortality. CONCLUSIONS Despite being intended for use by those >14 years of age, high-powered magnets frequently cause morbidity and lead to high need for invasive intervention and hospitalization in children of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K Middelberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Julie C Leonard
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Junxin Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Arturo Aranda
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Julie C Brown
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christina L Cochran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham College of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kasi Eastep
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital affiliated with University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Raquel Gonzalez
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Florida
| | - Maya Haasz
- Department of APediatrics, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Scott Herskovitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Jennifer A Hoffmann
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alexander Koral
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Abdulraouf Lamoshi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cohen Children's Medical Center; Northwell Health, Queens, New York
| | - Steven Levitte
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Yu Hsiang J Lo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Taylor Montminy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Inna Novak
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nathan M Novotny
- Beaumont Children's, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Raphael H Parrado
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Wenly Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph Shapiro
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Elizabeth M Sinclair
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amanda M Stewart
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Saurabh Talathi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Oklahoma Children's Hospital, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Melissa M Tavarez
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter Townsend
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Connecticut Children's Hospital, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Julia Zaytsev
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas
| | - Bryan Rudolph
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York
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Atlas N, Sinclair EM, Simon HK, Riedesel EL, Figueroa J, Kamat PP, Santore MT. Management of esophageal button battery ingestions: resource utilization and outcomes. Pediatr Surg Int 2022; 38:473-478. [PMID: 35088154 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-021-05058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Institutions are adopting the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) guidelines for pediatric esophageal button battery ingestion (EBBI). Our objective was to evaluate the guidelines' impact on in-hospital resource utilization and short-term clinical outcomes in hemodynamically stable patients after endoscopic battery removal. METHODS A single-center retrospective review of all EBBI admissions from 2010 to 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on adoption of national guidelines: pre-guideline (2010-2015) and post-guideline (2016-2020). RESULTS Sixty-five patients were studied (pre-guideline n = 23; post-guideline n = 42). Compared with pre-guideline, post-guideline use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increased (2/23 [8.7%]; 30/42 [71.4%]; p < 0.001). Post-guideline increases resulted for median days (IQR) receiving antibiotics (0 [0, 4]; 6 [3, 8]; p = 0.01), total pediatric intensive care unit admission (0 [0, 1]; 3 [0, 6]; p < 0.001), and total hospital length of stay (5 [2, 11]; 11.5 [4, 17]; p = 0.02). Two patients in the post-guideline group had delayed presentations despite normal imaging: one with TEF and one with aorto-esophageal fistula. All survived to discharge. CONCLUSION In EBBI cases managed using the consensus based NASPHAGN guidelines, we report increased resource utilization without improved patient outcomes. Further research should evaluate post-guideline costs and resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Atlas
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Sinclair
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Harold K Simon
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Erica L Riedesel
- Division of Pediatric Radiology and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Janet Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Biostatistics Core at Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Pradip P Kamat
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. .,Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 4th Floor PICU, 1405 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Matthew T Santore
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Sinclair EM, Santore MT, Agarwal M, Kitzman J, Sauer CG, Riedesel EL. Evolving Clinical Care in Esophageal Button Batteries: Impact of Expert-Opinion Guideline Adoption and Continued Gaps in Care. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022; 74:236-243. [PMID: 34724451 PMCID: PMC8799493 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Esophageal button battery impactions (BBI) in children pose a significant danger to children. Although there are expert-opinion guidelines to help manage this population, few studies detail the impact of guidelines on the clinical care of these patients. With this study, we aimed to describe the care of these patients before and following adoption of guidelines at a single center. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of patients with esophageal BBI at a single center, large volume, urban academic pediatric hospital system before adoption of expert-opinion guidelines (2007-2017) and following adoption (2018-2020). RESULTS Cohort was comprised of 31 patients before adoption and 32 patients following adoption of guidelines. Patient characteristics did not differ between groups. After 2018, significantly more patients received acetic acid irrigation, initial cross-sectional imaging, and serial cross-sectional imaging. There was also an increase in intensive care unit (ICU) stays, number of intubations, nil per os time, and hospital length of stay. There was no difference in patient outcomes. CONCLUSION This study describes a large cohort of pediatric esophageal BBI before and following adoption of guidelines. Findings detail increased adherence to guidelines resulting in more cross-sectional imaging which led to ICU stays, longer length of stays, and more nil per os time. This study emphasizes the need for multi-disciplinary guidelines as well as further multi-institutional study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jamie Kitzman
- Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics
| | - Cary G Sauer
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Erica L Riedesel
- Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology and Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Cohen CC, Castillo-Leon E, Farris AB, Caltharp SA, Cleeton RL, Sinclair EM, Shevell DE, Karsdal MA, Nielsen MJF, Leeming DJ, Vos MB. PRO-C3, a Serological Marker of Fibrosis, During Childhood and Correlations With Fibrosis in Pediatric NAFLD. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1860-1872. [PMID: 34558828 PMCID: PMC8557318 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease in children and may lead to cirrhosis requiring liver transplant. Thus, prompt diagnosis of advanced fibrosis is essential. Our objectives were to examine PRO-C3 (a neo-epitope pro-peptide of type III collagen formation) levels across childhood/adolescence and associations with advanced fibrosis in pediatric NAFLD. This cross-sectional study included 88 children and adolescents with biopsy-proven NAFLD (mean age: 13.9 ± 2.9 years, 71% male) and 65 healthy participants (11.8 ± 4.5 years, 38% male). PRO-C3, and the bone remodeling biomarkers C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I; bone resorption) and osteocalcin (N-MID; bone formation), were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fibrosis was assessed by liver biopsy in participants with NAFLD, who were categorized as having advanced (Ishak score ≥ 3) or none/mild fibrosis (Ishak score ≤ 2). Overall, PRO-C3 was similar in participants with NAFLD (median [interquartile range]: 20.6 [15.8, 25.9] ng/mL) versus healthy participants (19.0 [13.8, 26.0] ng/mL), but was significantly lower in older adolescents ≥ 15 years old (16.4 [13.0, 21.2] ng/mL) compared with children ≤ 10 years old (22.9 [18.1, 28.4] ng/mL; P < 0.001) or 11-14 years old (22.4 [18.3, 31.2] ng/mL; P < 0.001). PRO-C3 was also directly correlated with levels of CTX-I and N-MID (r = 0.64 and r = 0.62, respectively; both P < 0.001). Among participants with NAFLD, PRO-C3 was higher in those with advanced fibrosis (median [IQR]: 28.5 [21.6, 37.6]) compared with none/mild fibrosis (20.3 [18.2, 22.8]; P = 0.020) in models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index z-score. However, associations were attenuated after additionally adjusting for bone-remodeling CTX-I (P = 0.09) or N-MID (P = 0.08). Conclusion: Collectively, these findings show that PRO-C3 levels are higher in children with advanced fibrosis in NAFLD, but are also influenced by age and pubertal growth spurt, assessed by bone remodeling biomarkers, and therefore may not be a reliable biomarker for liver fibrosis in pediatric NAFLD until late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Cohen
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA.,Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
| | | | - Alton B Farris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Shelley A Caltharp
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA.,Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Rebecca L Cleeton
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Elizabeth M Sinclair
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA.,Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Diane E Shevell
- Translational MedicineBristol Myers SquibbLawrencevilleNJUSA
| | | | | | - Diana J Leeming
- Nordic BioscienceFibrosis Biology and BiomarkersHerlevDenmark
| | - Miriam B Vos
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA.,Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA
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Sinclair EM, Stevens JP, McElhanon B, Meisel JA, Santore MT, Chahine AA, Riedesel EL. Development and repair of aorto-esophageal fistula following esophageal button battery impaction: A case report. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep 2021; 66. [PMID: 33767967 PMCID: PMC7990103 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2021.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Complications from esophageal button battery impactions remain a real fear for practicing pediatric gastroenterologists and surgeons. This case describes a child who developed an aorto-esophageal fistula 25 days after initial battery ingestion and survived due to prompt placement of an aortic stent via minimally invasive surgery, avoiding an open procedure. Case presentation: A 6-year-old female presented acutely with a mid-esophageal button battery impaction witnessed by her parents. Presenting symptoms included chest pain and emesis. Button battery location and size were confirmed on X-ray. She underwent removal with flexible esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and rigid esophagoscopy. She was admitted to the hospital and received conservative medical management, with serial cross-sectional imaging via chest MRIs to assess the evolution of her injury according to available national guidelines, and was discharged after 12 days of close inpatient monitoring. Despite these measures the patient represented 25 days post-ingestion with hematemesis from a new aorto-esophageal fistula, requiring emergent cardiac catheterization with successful, life-saving aortic stent placement. She remained admitted for an additional 12 days of monitoring as her diet was advanced slowly post-catheterization. Since this second hospitalization she continues to do well, with outpatient follow-up by multiple subspecialists. Conclusions: This case highlights the continued uncertainty regarding the risk of developing this complication, as well as gaps in the current literature and guidelines for managing these patients following ingestion and esophageal injury. It also details the unique course following development of this complication and its surgical repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Sinclair
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Corresponding author. Emory University School of Medicine, Pediatric Divisions of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and, Nutrition Emory Children’s Center 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. (E.M. Sinclair)
| | - James P. Stevens
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Barbara McElhanon
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Meisel
- Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew T. Santore
- Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A. Alfred Chahine
- Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erica L. Riedesel
- Pediatric Radiology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Veelenturf CA, Sinclair EM, Paladino FV, Honarvar S. Predicting the impacts of sea level rise in sea turtle nesting habitat on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0222251. [PMID: 32726310 PMCID: PMC7390326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea level is expected to rise 44 to 74 cm by the year 2100, which may have critical, previously un-investigated implications for sea turtle nesting habitat on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. This study investigates how nesting habitat will likely be lost and altered with various increases in sea level, using global sea level rise (SLR) predictions from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Beach profiling datasets from Bioko's five southern nesting beaches were used in GIS to create models to estimate habitat loss with predicted increases in sea level by years 2046-2065 and 2081-2100. The models indicate that an average of 62% of Bioko's current nesting habitat could be lost by 2046-2065 and 87% by the years 2081-2100. Our results show that different study beaches showed different levels of vulnerability to increases in SLR. In addition, on two beaches erosion and tall vegetation berms have been documented, causing green turtles to nest uncharacteristically in front of the vegetation line. We also report that development plans are currently underway on the beach least susceptible to future increases in sea level, highlighting how anthropogenic encroachment combined with SLR can be particularly detrimental to nesting turtle populations. Identified habitat sensitivities to SLR will be used to inform the government of Equatorial Guinea to consider the vulnerability of their resident turtle populations and projected climate change implications when planning for future development. To our knowledge this is the first study to predict the impacts of SLR on a sea turtle nesting habitat in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie A Veelenturf
- Biology Department, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America.,Bioko Marine Turtle Program, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea
| | - Elizabeth M Sinclair
- Biology Department, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America.,Bioko Marine Turtle Program, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea
| | - Frank V Paladino
- Biology Department, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America.,Bioko Marine Turtle Program, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea
| | - Shaya Honarvar
- Biology Department, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States of America.,Bioko Marine Turtle Program, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea.,School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
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Honarvar S, Fitzgerald DB, Weitzman CL, Sinclair EM, Echube JME, O'Connor M, Hearn GW. Assessment of Important Marine Turtle Nesting Populations on the Southern Coast of Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2016. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1194.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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