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Catenacci LS, Ferreira MS, Fernandes D, Padda H, Travassos-da-Rosa ES, Deem SL, Vasconcelos PFC, Martins LC. Individual, household and environmental factors associated with arboviruses in rural human populations, Brazil. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 68:203-212. [PMID: 33538403 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Landscape change is one of the foremost drivers of the emergence of infectious diseases. Exploring demographic, household and environmental conditions under which infectious diseases occur may inform strategies to prevent disease emergence in human populations. We collected blood samples from 523 humans and explore factors for arbovirus emergence in Bahia, Brazil. The overall arbovirus seroprevalence was 65.2%, with the genus Flavivirus most prevalent (64.4%). Based on monotypic reactions, the population had contact with five arbovirus: Dengue 3, Ilheus, Oropouche, Caraparu and Eastern equine encephalitis virus. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting exposure to Oropouche, Caraparu and Eastern equine encephalitis virus in human populations in Bahia, Northeast of Brazil. The best model fit demonstrated that household and environmental variables were more predictive of the risk of arbovirus exposure than demographic variables. The presence of forest and free-living monkeys in the areas close to the communities had a protective effect for the human population (i.e. lower seroprevalence). The dilution effect is considered as one explanation for this finding. These results highlight the important ecological role of wildlife-friendly agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian S Catenacci
- Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology, Federal University of Piauí State, Teresina, Brazil.,Federal University of Para State- Post Graduate Program PPGSAAM, Castanhal, Brazil.,Institute for Conservation Medicine, Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Milene S Ferreira
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute- Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Debora Fernandes
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute- Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Hannah Padda
- Institute for Conservation Medicine, Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sharon L Deem
- Institute for Conservation Medicine, Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pedro F C Vasconcelos
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute- Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Livia C Martins
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute- Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
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