Statistical Mechanics Metrics in Pairing and Parsing In Silico and Phenotypic Data of a Novel Genetic NFκB1 (c.T638A) Variant

(1) Background: Mutations in NFκB1, a transcriptional regulator of immunomodulating proteins, are a known cause of inborn errors of immunity. Our proband is a 22-year-old male with a diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), cytopenias with massive splenomegaly, and nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Genetic studies identified a novel, single-point mutation variant in NFκB1, c. T638A p. V213E. (2) Methods: Next-generation panel sequencing of the patient uncovered a novel single-point mutation in the NFκB1 gene that was modeled using the I-TASSER homology-modeling software, and molecular dynamics were assessed using the YASARA2 software (version 20.14.24). (3) Results: This variant replaces valine with glutamic acid at position 213 in the NFκB1 sequence. Molecular modeling and molecular dynamic studies showed altered dynamics in and around the rel homology domain, ankyrin regions, and death domain of the protein. We postulate that these changes alter overall protein function. (4) Conclusions: This case suggests the pathogenicity of a novel variant using protein-modeling techniques and molecular dynamic simulations.

An unusually high prevalence of isolated prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma among Saudi patients: A registry-based study

Objective

We conduct a secondary analysis on the demographics, tumor characteristics, survival, and risk factors for mortality among patients with prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods

This is a registry-based retrospective study that included all patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in the KSA. The data were collected from the Saudi Cancer Registry, which collects tumor data from all private, military, and health ministry hospitals in Saudi Arabia through five regional offices.

Results

Among 3607 prostate cancer patients detected during the specified period, 209 (5.8%) had ductal adenocarcinoma. The median interquartile range age of patients was 72.0 years (64.0-78.0). Adenocarcinoma lesions were malignant among all the patients. Grade III tumors were most frequently apparent lesions (61.2%), followed by Grade II tumors (26.3%), Grade I tumors (7.2%), and Grade VI tumors (5.3%). A total of 33 patients died, representing 15.8% of the whole sample. The 1-year survival rate was 78.1%. More than a third of patients who were residing in the Western region deceased (38.0%), whereas no deaths were reported in other regions with a statistically significant difference based on regions (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first registry-based study to investigate PDA in the KSA; these efforts were done to further understand this deadly condition and to further enhance patient care in the KSA.