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Sciatti E, Merlo A, Scangiuzzi C, Limonta R, Gori M, D’Elia E, Aimo A, Vergaro G, Emdin M, Senni M. Prognostic Value of sST2 in Heart Failure. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3970. [PMID: 37373664 PMCID: PMC10299183 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12123970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the risk stratification for heart failure, and the use of multiple biomarkers to identify different pathophysiological processes associated with this condition. One such biomarker is soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2), which has shown some potential for integration into clinical practice. sST2 is produced by both cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes in response to myocardial stress. Other sources of sST2 are endothelial cells of the aorta and coronary arteries and immune cells such as T cells. Indeed, ST2 is also associated with inflammatory and immune processes. We aimed at reviewing the prognostic value of sST2 in both chronic and acute heart failure. In this setting, we also provide a flowchart about its potential use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Sciatti
- Cardiology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (M.G.); (E.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Merlo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Claudio Scangiuzzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Raul Limonta
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Mauro Gori
- Cardiology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (M.G.); (E.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Emilia D’Elia
- Cardiology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (M.G.); (E.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.); (M.E.)
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.); (M.E.)
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (A.A.); (G.V.); (M.E.)
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (M.G.); (E.D.); (M.S.)
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.); (R.L.)
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Sciatti E, D’Elia E, Balestrieri G, D’Isa S, Iacovoni A, Senni M. In pursuit of balance: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and hyperkalaemia treatment. Eur Heart J Suppl 2023; 25:C301-C305. [PMID: 37125304 PMCID: PMC10132585 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyperkalaemia is a life-threatening condition leading to significant morbidity and mortality. It is common in heart failure (HF) patients due to the disease itself, which often co-exists with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus, the fluctuations in renal function, and the use of some drugs [i.e. renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors]. In particular, hyperkalaemia opposes to their administration or up-titration, thus impacting on mortality. New K+ binders, namely, patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, are an intriguing option to manage hyperkalaemia in HF patients, both to reduce its fatal effects and to let clinicians up-titrate RAAS inhibitors. Even if their real impact on strong outcomes is still to be determined, we hereby provide an overview of hyperkalaemia in HF and its current management. New trials are welcome to fill the gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Sciatti
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
| | - Emilia D’Elia
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
| | - Giulio Balestrieri
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
| | - Salvatore D’Isa
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
| | - Attilio Iacovoni
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, Bergamo 24127, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Sciatti E, D’Elia E, Balestrieri G, D’Isa S, Iacovoni A, Senni M. Corrigendum to: In pursuit of balance: RAASi and hyperkalemia treatment. Eur Heart J Suppl 2023; 25:suad122. [PMID: 37727330 PMCID: PMC10506377 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad053.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Sciatti
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Emilia D’Elia
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulio Balestrieri
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Salvatore D’Isa
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Attilio Iacovoni
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Italy
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Di Fusco SA, Maggioni AP, Scicchitano P, Zuin M, D’Elia E, Colivicchi F. Lipoprotein (a), Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072529. [PMID: 37048611 PMCID: PMC10095203 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has shown that high levels of lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) and chronic inflammation may be responsible for the residual risk of cardiovascular events in patients managed with an optimal evidence-based approach. Clinical studies have demonstrated a correlation between higher Lp(a) levels and several atherosclerotic diseases including ischemic heart disease, stroke, and degenerative calcific aortic stenosis. The threshold value of Lp(a) serum concentrations associated with a significantly increased cardiovascular risk is >125 nmol/L (50 mg/dL). Current available lipid-lowering drugs have modest-to-no impact on Lp(a) levels. Chronic inflammation is a further condition potentially implicated in residual cardiovascular risk. Consistent evidence has shown an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with high sensitivity C reactive protein (>2 mg/dL), an inflammation biomarker. A number of anti-inflammatory drugs have been investigated in patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease. Of these, canakinumab and colchicine have been found to be associated with cardiovascular risk reduction. Ongoing research aimed at improving risk stratification on the basis of Lp(a) and vessel inflammation assessment may help refine patient management. Furthermore, the identification of these conditions as cardiovascular risk factors has led to increased investigation into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting them in order to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden.
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Abstract
Sympathetic activation has been long appreciated exclusively as a fundamental compensatory mechanism of the failing heart and, thus, welcome and to be supported. In the initial clinical phases of heart failure (HF), the sympathetic nervous system overdrive plays a compensatory function aimed at maintaining an adequate cardiac output despite the inotropic dysfunction affecting the myocardium. However, when the sympathetic reflex response is exaggerated it triggers a sequence of unfavourable remodelling processes causing a further contractile deterioration that unleashes major adverse cardiovascular consequences, favouring the HF progression and the occurrence of fatal events. Eventually, the sympathetic nervous system in HF was demonstrated to be a ‘lethality factor’ and thus became a prominent therapeutic target. The existence of an effective highly specialized intracardiac neuronal network immediately rules out the old concept that sympathetic activation in HF is merely the consequence of a drop in cardiac output. When a cardiac damage occurs, such as myocardial ischaemia or a primary myocardial disorder, the adaptive capability of the system may be overcame, leading to excessive sympatho-excitation coupled with attenuation till to abolishment of central parasympathetic drive. Myocardial infarction causes, within a very short time, both a functional and anatomical remodelling with a diffuse up-regulation of nerve growth factor (NGF). The subsequent nerve sprouting signal, facilitated by a rise in the levels of NGF in the left stellate ganglion and in the serum, triggers an increase in cardiac nerve density in both peri-infarct and non-infarcted areas. Finally, NFG production decreases over time, supposedly as an adaptative response to the prolonged exposure to sympathetic overactivity, leading in the end to a reduction in sympathetic nerve density. Accordingly, NGF levels were markedly reduced in patients with severe congestive heart failure. The kidney is the other key player of the sympathetic response to HF as it indeed reacts to under-perfusion and to loop diuretics to preserve filtration at the cost of many pathological consequences on its physiology. This vicious loop ultimately participates to the chronic and disruptive sympathetic overdrive. In conclusion, sympathetic activation is the natural physiological consequence to life stressors but also to any condition that may harm our body. It is the first system of reaction to any potential life-threatening event. However, in any aspect of life over reaction is never effective but, in many instances, is, actually, life threatening. One for all is the case of ischaemia-related ventricular fibrillation which is, strongly facilitated by sympathetic hyperactivity. The take home message? When, in a condition of harm, everybody is yelling failure is just around the corner.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gronda
- U.O.C. Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto Renale dell’Adulto, Programma Cardiorenale, Dipartimento di Medicina e Specialità Mediche, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy
- Area Cardiorenale Metabolica Associazione nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri Italia
| | - V Dusi
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin , Torino , Italy
| | - E D’Elia
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital , Bergamo , Italy
| | - M Iacoviello
- Area Cardiorenale Metabolica Associazione nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri Italia
- S.C. Cardiologia, AOU Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi , Foggia , Italy
| | - E Benvenuto
- Area Cardiorenale Metabolica Associazione nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri Italia
- U.O.C. di Cardiologia-UTIC-Emodinamica PO ‘G. Mazzini’ Teramo , Italy
| | - E Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Rehabilitation Sacra Famiglia Hospital , Erba , Italy
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Gori M, D’Elia E, Sciatti E, Senni M. Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Rationale for and Practical Use of a Successful Therapy. Card Fail Rev 2022; 8:e26. [PMID: 35865457 PMCID: PMC9295008 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2022.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction is a common disease with a poor prognosis and rising prevalence in the community. The current paradigm of treatment includes symptomatic therapy, such as diuretics, and risk factor control and treatment of comorbidities. According to European guidelines, there is no effective therapy for patients with HF with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%, while drugs normally used in HF with reduced LVEF might also be effective for patients with mildly reduced LVEF (40–50%), with a IIB class of recommendation. The recently published EMPEROR-Preserved trial has challenged current guidelines, demonstrating improved outcomes in patients with HF and LVEF >40% with the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2I) empagliflozin, compared with placebo. This result was consistent in patients with and without diabetes as well as in those with LVEF below and above 50%. The authors describe the rationale for this therapy, presenting the main results of the EMPEROR-Preserved trial, and provide some recommendations for the everyday clinical management of HF with preserved left ventricular ejection with an SGLT2I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gori
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Emilia D’Elia
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Edoardo Sciatti
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
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Gori M, Berzuini C, D’Elia E, Ghirardi A, Bernardinelli L, Gavazzi A, Balestrieri G, Giammarresi A, Trevisan R, Di Marco F, Bellasi A, Amoroso M, Raimondi F, Novelli L, Magro B, Mangia G, Lorini FL, Guagliumi G, Fagiuoli S, Parati G, Senni M. Antecedent use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors is associated with reduced mortality in elderly hypertensive Covid-19 patients. J Hypertens 2022; 40:666-674. [PMID: 34889863 PMCID: PMC9904437 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) on mortality in patients with coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is debated. From a cohort of 1352 consecutive patients admitted with Covid-19 to Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital in Bergamo, Italy, between February and April 2020, we selected and studied hypertensive patients to assess whether antecedent (prior to hospitalization) use of RASIs might affect mortality from Covid-19 according to age. METHODS AND RESULTS Arterial hypertension was present in 688 patients. Overall mortality (in-hospital or shortly after discharge) was 35% (N = 240). After adjusting for 26 medical history variables via propensity score matching, antecedent use of RASIs (N = 459, 67%) was associated with a lower mortality in older hypertensive patients (age above the median of 68 years in the whole series), whereas no evidence of a significant effect was found in the younger group of the same population (P interaction = 0.001). In an analysis of the subgroup of 432 hypertensive patients older than 68 years, we considered two RASI drug subclasses, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs, N = 156) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs, N = 140), and assessed their respective effects by taking no-antecedent-use of RASIs as reference. This analysis showed that both antecedent use of ACEIs and antecedent use of ARBs were associated with a lower Covid-19 mortality (odds ratioACEI = 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.36--0.91, P = 0.018) (odds ratioARB = 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.29--0.82, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION In the population of over-68 hypertensive Covid-19 patients, antecedent use of ACEIs or ARBs was associated with a lower all-cause mortality, whether in-hospital or shortly after discharge, compared with no-antecedent-use of RASIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gori
- Cardiovascular Department, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlo Berzuini
- ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- The Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabiano Di Marco
- The Unit of Pulmonary Medicine, Bergamo, Italy
- University of Milan
| | - Antonio Bellasi
- The Department of Research, Innovation, Brand Reputation, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Bianca Magro
- The Gastroenterology Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Mangia
- The Gastroenterology Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Fagiuoli
- The Gastroenterology Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, S. Luca Hospital
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Lucà F, Giubilato S, Di Fusco SA, Piccioni L, Rao CM, Iorio A, Cipolletta L, D’Elia E, Gelsomino S, Rossini R, Colivicchi F, Gulizia MM. Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion: What Is Crucial to Take into Account. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153212. [PMID: 34361996 PMCID: PMC8348761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic dilemma between rhythm and rate control in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) is still unresolved and electrical or pharmacological cardioversion (CV) frequently represents a useful strategy. The most recent guidelines recommend anticoagulation according to individual thromboembolic risk. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been routinely used to prevent thromboembolic events. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) represent a significant advance due to their more predictable therapeutic effect and more favorable hemorrhagic risk profile. In hemodynamically unstable patients, an emergency electrical cardioversion (ECV) must be performed. In this situation, intravenous heparin or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) should be administered before CV. In patients with AF occurring within less than 48 h, synchronized direct ECV should be the elective procedure, as it restores sinus rhythm quicker and more successfully than pharmacological cardioversion (PCV) and is associated with shorter length of hospitalization. Patients with acute onset AF were traditionally considered at lower risk of thromboembolic events due to the shorter time for atrial thrombus formation. In patients with hemodynamic stability and AF for more than 48 h, an ECV should be planned after at least 3 weeks of anticoagulation therapy. Alternatively, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to rule out left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) should be performed, followed by ECV and anticoagulation for at least 4 weeks. Theoretically, the standardized use of TEE before CV allows a better stratification of thromboembolic risk, although data available to date are not univocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Lucà
- Division of Cardiology, Big Metropolitan Hospital, Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, 89129 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Simona Giubilato
- Division of Cardiology, Cannizzaro Hospital, 95121 Catania, Italy;
| | | | - Laura Piccioni
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Departiment, Civile Giuseppe Mazzini Hospital, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Carmelo Massimiliano Rao
- Division of Cardiology, Big Metropolitan Hospital, Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, 89129 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Iorio
- Division of Cardiology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (A.I.); (E.D.)
| | - Laura Cipolletta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ancona University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Emilia D’Elia
- Division of Cardiology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (A.I.); (E.D.)
| | - Sandro Gelsomino
- Cardiothoracic Department, Maastricht University Hospital, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Roberta Rossini
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce e Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy;
| | - Furio Colivicchi
- Division of Cardiology, S. Filippo Neri Hospital, 00135 Roma, Italy; (S.A.D.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Michele Massimo Gulizia
- Division of Cardiology, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Heart Care Foundation, 50121 Florence, Italy
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Ferrero P, Ali H, Barman P, Foresti S, Lupo P, D’Elia E, Cappato R, Stuart AG. Entirely subcutaneous defibrillator and complex congenital heart disease: Data on long-term clinical follow-up. World J Cardiol 2017; 9:547-552. [PMID: 28706590 PMCID: PMC5491472 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i6.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the long-term follow-up of patients with complex congenital heart disease who underwent subcutaneous implantable cardiac defibrillator (S-ICD), focusing on local complications, appropriate and inappropriate shocks.
METHODS Patients with complex congenital heart disease underwent S-ICD implant in two centers with the conventional technique. Data at follow-up were retrieved from clinical notes and institutional database.
RESULTS Eight patients were implanted in two centres between 2010 and 2016. Median age at implant was 37.5 years (range 13-57). All patients who were deemed suitable for S-ICD implant passed the pre-procedural screening. Three patients were previously implanted with a anti-bradycardia device, one of whom with CRT. In one patient the device was explanted due to local infection. During the total median follow-up of 874 d, one patient had an appropriate and one inappropriate shock triggered by fast atrial tachycardia. None of the patients had inappropriate shocks secondary to T wave oversensing or electrical interference with anti- bradycardia devices.
CONCLUSION S-ICD appears to be effective and safe in patients with complex congenital heart disease.
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Govoni S, Pascale A, Amadio M, Calvillo L, D’Elia E, Cereda C, Fantucci P, Ceroni M, Vanoli E. NGF and heart: Is there a role in heart disease? Pharmacol Res 2011; 63:266-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Auguadro C, Scalise F, D’Elia E, Casali V, Manfredi M, Specchia G. EFFICACY OF STATINS IN PATIENTS AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS: RELATION WITH BASELINE CRP VALUES. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(10)61964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Barcia O, Cattarin S, D’Elia E, Frateur I, Mattos O, Musiani M, Pébère N, Tribollet B. Further to the paper “Application of the impedance model of de Levie for the characterization of porous electrodes” by Barcia et al. [Electrochim. Acta 47 (2002) 2109]. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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