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Jurkovic CM, Raisch J, Tran S, Nguyen HD, Lévesque D, Scott MS, Campos EI, Boisvert FM. Replisome proximal protein associations and dynamic proteomic changes at stalled replication forks. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024:100767. [PMID: 38615877 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is a fundamental cellular process that ensures the transfer of genetic information during cell division. Genome duplication takes place in S phase and requires a dynamic and highly coordinated recruitment of multiple proteins at replication forks. Various genotoxic stressors lead to fork instability and collapse, hence the need for DNA repair pathways. By identifying the multitude of protein interactions implicated in those events we can better grasp the complex and dynamic molecular mechanisms that facilitate DNA replication and repair. Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) was used to identify associations with 17 proteins within four core replication components, namely the CDC45/MCM2-7/GINS (CMG) helicase that unwinds DNA, the DNA polymerases, replication protein A subunits, and histone chaperones needed to disassemble and reassemble chromatin. We further investigated the impact of genotoxic stress on these interactions. This analysis revealed a vast proximity associations network with 108 nuclear proteins further modulated in the presence of hydroxyurea; 45 being enriched and 63 depleted. Interestingly, hydroxyurea treatment also caused a redistribution of associations with eleven interactors, meaning that the replisome is dynamically reorganized when stressed. The analysis identified several poorly characterized proteins, thereby uncovering new putative players in the cellular response to DNA replication arrest. It also provides a new comprehensive proteomic framework to understand how cells respond to obstacles during DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla-Marie Jurkovic
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Jennifer Raisch
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Stephanie Tran
- Genetics & Genome Biology program, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Biology, University of Toronto
| | - Hoang Dong Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Dominique Lévesque
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Michelle S Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Eric I Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology program, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Biology, University of Toronto.
| | - François-Michel Boisvert
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke.
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2
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Gall-Duncan T, Luo J, Jurkovic CM, Fischer LA, Fujita K, Deshmukh AL, Harding RJ, Tran S, Mehkary M, Li V, Leib DE, Chen R, Tanaka H, Mason AG, Lévesque D, Khan M, Razzaghi M, Prasolava T, Lanni S, Sato N, Caron MC, Panigrahi GB, Wang P, Lau R, Castel AL, Masson JY, Tippett L, Turner C, Spies M, La Spada AR, Campos EI, Curtis MA, Boisvert FM, Faull RLM, Davidson BL, Nakamori M, Okazawa H, Wold MS, Pearson CE. Antagonistic roles of canonical and Alternative-RPA in disease-associated tandem CAG repeat instability. Cell 2023; 186:4898-4919.e25. [PMID: 37827155 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Expansions of repeat DNA tracts cause >70 diseases, and ongoing expansions in brains exacerbate disease. During expansion mutations, single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) form slipped-DNAs. We find the ssDNA-binding complexes canonical replication protein A (RPA1, RPA2, and RPA3) and Alternative-RPA (RPA1, RPA3, and primate-specific RPA4) are upregulated in Huntington disease and spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) patient brains. Protein interactomes of RPA and Alt-RPA reveal unique and shared partners, including modifiers of CAG instability and disease presentation. RPA enhances in vitro melting, FAN1 excision, and repair of slipped-CAGs and protects against CAG expansions in human cells. RPA overexpression in SCA1 mouse brains ablates expansions, coincident with decreased ATXN1 aggregation, reduced brain DNA damage, improved neuron morphology, and rescued motor phenotypes. In contrast, Alt-RPA inhibits melting, FAN1 excision, and repair of slipped-CAGs and promotes CAG expansions. These findings suggest a functional interplay between the two RPAs where Alt-RPA may antagonistically offset RPA's suppression of disease-associated repeat expansions, which may extend to other DNA processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Gall-Duncan
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Luo
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Laura A Fischer
- Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyota Fujita
- Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amit L Deshmukh
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel J Harding
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tran
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mustafa Mehkary
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa Li
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David E Leib
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
| | - Ran Chen
- Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hikari Tanaka
- Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amanda G Mason
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dominique Lévesque
- Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mahreen Khan
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mortezaali Razzaghi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tanya Prasolava
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stella Lanni
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nozomu Sato
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Caron
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Oncology Division, Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry, and Pathology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gagan B Panigrahi
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peixiang Wang
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Lau
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Oncology Division, Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry, and Pathology, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Lynette Tippett
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; University Research Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clinton Turner
- Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maria Spies
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Albert R La Spada
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA; Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Neurotherapeutics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Eric I Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- University Research Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Richard L M Faull
- University Research Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Beverly L Davidson
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
| | - Masayuki Nakamori
- Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marc S Wold
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Christopher E Pearson
- Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
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3
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Khazaei S, Chen CCL, Andrade AF, Kabir N, Azarafshar P, Morcos SM, França JA, Lopes M, Lund PJ, Danieau G, Worme S, Adnani L, Nzirorera N, Chen X, Yogarajah G, Russo C, Zeinieh M, Wong CJ, Bryant L, Hébert S, Tong B, Sihota TS, Faury D, Puligandla E, Jawhar W, Sandy V, Cowan M, Nakada EM, Jerome-Majewska LA, Ellezam B, Gomes CC, Denecke J, Lessel D, McDonald MT, Pizoli CE, Taylor K, Cocanougher BT, Bhoj EJ, Gingras AC, Garcia BA, Lu C, Campos EI, Kleinman CL, Garzia L, Jabado N. Single substitution in H3.3G34 alters DNMT3A recruitment to cause progressive neurodegeneration. Cell 2023; 186:1162-1178.e20. [PMID: 36931244 PMCID: PMC10112048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Germline histone H3.3 amino acid substitutions, including H3.3G34R/V, cause severe neurodevelopmental syndromes. To understand how these mutations impact brain development, we generated H3.3G34R/V/W knock-in mice and identified strikingly distinct developmental defects for each mutation. H3.3G34R-mutants exhibited progressive microcephaly and neurodegeneration, with abnormal accumulation of disease-associated microglia and concurrent neuronal depletion. G34R severely decreased H3K36me2 on the mutant H3.3 tail, impairing recruitment of DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A and its redistribution on chromatin. These changes were concurrent with sustained expression of complement and other innate immune genes possibly through loss of non-CG (CH) methylation and silencing of neuronal gene promoters through aberrant CG methylation. Complement expression in G34R brains may lead to neuroinflammation possibly accounting for progressive neurodegeneration. Our study reveals that H3.3G34-substitutions have differential impact on the epigenome, which underlie the diverse phenotypes observed, and uncovers potential roles for H3K36me2 and DNMT3A-dependent CH-methylation in modulating synaptic pruning and neuroinflammation in post-natal brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Khazaei
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Carol C L Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | | | - Nisha Kabir
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Pariya Azarafshar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Shahir M Morcos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Josiane Alves França
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Peder J Lund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Geoffroy Danieau
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Samantha Worme
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Lata Adnani
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Nadine Nzirorera
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Gayathri Yogarajah
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montreal, Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Michele Zeinieh
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Cassandra J Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Bryant
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven Hébert
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Bethany Tong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tianna S Sihota
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Damien Faury
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Evan Puligandla
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Wajih Jawhar
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Child Health and Human Development, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Veronica Sandy
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mitra Cowan
- McGill Integrated Core for Animal Modeling (MICAM), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily M Nakada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Loydie A Jerome-Majewska
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ellezam
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Carolina Cavalieri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marie T McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carolyn E Pizoli
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn Taylor
- Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric I Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Claudia L Kleinman
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Livia Garzia
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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4
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Siddaway R, Milos S, Coyaud É, Yun HY, Morcos SM, Pajovic S, Campos EI, Raught B, Hawkins C. The in vivo Interaction Landscape of Histones H3.1 and H3.3. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100411. [PMID: 36089195 PMCID: PMC9540345 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structure, transcription, DNA replication, and repair are regulated via locus-specific incorporation of histone variants and posttranslational modifications that guide effector chromatin-binding proteins. Here we report unbiased, quantitative interactomes for the replication-coupled (H3.1) and replication-independent (H3.3) histone H3 variants based on BioID proximity labeling, which allows interactions in intact, living cells to be detected. Along with a significant proportion of previously reported interactions detected by affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry, three quarters of the 608 histone-associated proteins that we identified are new, uncharacterized histone associations. The data reveal important biological nuances not captured by traditional biochemical means. For example, we found that the chromatin assembly factor-1 histone chaperone not only deposits the replication-coupled H3.1 histone variant during S-phase but also associates with H3.3 throughout the cell cycle in vivo. We also identified other variant-specific associations, such as with transcription factors, chromatin regulators, and with the mitotic machinery. Our proximity-based analysis is thus a rich resource that extends the H3 interactome and reveals new sets of variant-specific associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Siddaway
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Milos
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Étienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Inserm, CHU Lille, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hwa Young Yun
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahir M. Morcos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanja Pajovic
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric I. Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,For correspondence: Cynthia Hawkins
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5
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McQuaid ME, Ahmed K, Tran S, Rousseau J, Shaheen R, Kernohan KD, Yuki KE, Grover P, Dreseris ES, Ahmed S, Dupuis L, Stimec J, Shago M, Al-Hassnan ZN, Tremblay R, Maass PG, Wilson MD, Grunebaum E, Boycott KM, Boisvert FM, Maddirevula S, Faqeih EA, Almanjomi F, Khan ZU, Alkuraya FS, Campeau PM, Kannu P, Campos EI, Wurtele H. Hypomorphic GINS3 variants alter DNA replication and cause Meier-Gorlin syndrome. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155648. [PMID: 35603789 PMCID: PMC9215265 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic CDC45/MCM2-7/GINS (CMG) helicase unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication. The GINS subcomplex is required for helicase activity and is, therefore, essential for DNA replication and cell viability. Here, we report the identification of 7 individuals from 5 unrelated families presenting with a Meier-Gorlin syndrome–like (MGS-like) phenotype associated with hypomorphic variants of GINS3, a gene not previously associated with this syndrome. We found that MGS-associated GINS3 variants affecting aspartic acid 24 (D24) compromised cell proliferation and caused accumulation of cells in S phase. These variants shortened the protein half-life, altered key protein interactions at the replisome, and negatively influenced DNA replication fork progression. Yeast expressing MGS-associated variants of PSF3 (the yeast GINS3 ortholog) also displayed impaired growth, S phase progression defects, and decreased Psf3 protein stability. We further showed that mouse embryos homozygous for a D24 variant presented intrauterine growth retardation and did not survive to birth, and that fibroblasts derived from these embryos displayed accelerated cellular senescence. Taken together, our findings implicate GINS3 in the pathogenesis of MGS and support the notion that hypomorphic variants identified in this gene impaired cell and organismal growth by compromising DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. McQuaid
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kashif Ahmed
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tran
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ranad Shaheen
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kristin D. Kernohan
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Newborn Screening Ontario, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyoko E. Yuki
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prerna Grover
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ema S. Dreseris
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sameen Ahmed
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucie Dupuis
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Stimec
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary Shago
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zuhair N. Al-Hassnan
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roch Tremblay
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philipp G. Maass
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eyal Grunebaum
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Sateesh Maddirevula
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa A. Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children’s Specialist Hospital, and
| | - Fahad Almanjomi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaheer Ullah Khan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S. Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Peter Kannu
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eric I. Campos
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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6
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Abstract
Histones are an integral part of chromatin and thereby influence its structure, dynamics, and functions. The effects of histone variants, posttranslational modifications, and binding proteins is therefore of great interest. From the moment that they are deposited on chromatin, nucleosomal histones undergo dynamic changes in function of the cell cycle, and as DNA is transcribed and replicated. In the process, histones are not only modified and bound by various proteins, but also shuffled, evicted, or replaced. Technologies and tools to study such dynamic events continue to evolve and better our understanding of chromatin and of histone proteins proper. Here, we provide an overview of H3.1 and H3.3 histone dynamics throughout the cell cycle, while highlighting some of the tools used to study their protein–protein interactions. We specifically discuss how histones are chaperoned, modified, and bound by various proteins at different stages of the cell cycle. Established and select emerging technologies that furthered (or have a high potential of furthering) our understanding of the dynamic histone–protein interactions are emphasized. This includes experimental tools to investigate spatiotemporal changes on chromatin, the role of histone chaperones, histone posttranslational modifications, and histone-binding effector proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Scott
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric I Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Tracey LJ, Brooke-Bisschop T, Jansen PWTC, Campos EI, Vermeulen M, Justice MJ. The Pluripotency Regulator PRDM14 Requires Hematopoietic Regulator CBFA2T3 to Initiate Leukemia in Mice. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1468-1479. [PMID: 31015254 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PR domain-containing 14 (Prdm14) is a pluripotency regulator central to embryonic stem cell identity and primordial germ cell specification. Genomic regions containing PRDM14 are often amplified leading to misexpression in human cancer. Prdm14 expression in mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) leads to progenitor cell expansion prior to the development of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), consistent with PRDM14's role in cancer initiation. Here, we demonstrate mechanistic insight into PRDM14-driven leukemias in vivo. Mass spectrometry revealed novel PRDM14-protein interactions including histone H1, RNA-binding proteins, and the master hematopoietic regulator CBFA2T3. In mouse leukemic cells, CBFA2T3 and PRDM14 associate independently of the related ETO family member CBFA2T2, PRDM14's primary protein partner in pluripotent cells. CBFA2T3 plays crucial roles in HSC self-renewal and lineage commitment, and participates in oncogenic translocations in acute myeloid leukemia. These results suggest a model whereby PRDM14 recruits CBFA2T3 to DNA, leading to gene misregulation causing progenitor cell expansion and lineage perturbations preceding T-ALL development. Strikingly, Prdm14-induced T-ALL does not occur in mice deficient for Cbfa2t3, demonstrating that Cbfa2t3 is required for leukemogenesis. Moreover, T-ALL develops in Cbfa2t3 heterozygotes with a significantly longer latency, suggesting that PRDM14-associated T-ALL is sensitive to Cbfa2t3 levels. Our study highlights how an oncogenic protein uses a native protein in progenitor cells to initiate leukemia, providing insight into PRDM14-driven oncogenesis in other cell types. IMPLICATIONS: The pluripotency regulator PRDM14 requires the master hematopoietic regulator CBFA2T3 to initiate leukemia in progenitor cells, demonstrating an oncogenic role for CBFA2T3 and providing an avenue for targeting cancer-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Tracey
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Travis Brooke-Bisschop
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pascal W T C Jansen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eric I Campos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Monica J Justice
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Abstract
Nucleosomes compact and organize genetic material on a structural level. However, they also alter local chromatin accessibility through changes in their position, through the incorporation of histone variants, and through a vast array of histone posttranslational modifications. The dynamic nature of chromatin requires histone chaperones to process, deposit, and evict histones in different tissues and at different times in the cell cycle. This review focuses on the molecular details of canonical and variant H3-H4 histone chaperone pathways that lead to histone deposition on DNA as they are currently understood. Emphasis is placed on the most established pathways beginning with the folding, posttranslational modification, and nuclear import of newly synthesized H3-H4 histones. Next, we review the deposition of replication-coupled H3.1-H4 in S-phase and replication-independent H3.3-H4 via alternative histone chaperone pathways. Highly specialized histone chaperones overseeing the deposition of histone variants are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Grover
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada;
| | - Jonathon S Asa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Eric I Campos
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; .,Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
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9
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Campos EI, Smits AH, Kang YH, Landry S, Escobar TM, Nayak S, Ueberheide BM, Durocher D, Vermeulen M, Hurwitz J, Reinberg D. Analysis of the Histone H3.1 Interactome: A Suitable Chaperone for the Right Event. Mol Cell 2015; 60:697-709. [PMID: 26527279 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite minimal disparity at the sequence level, mammalian H3 variants bind to distinct sets of polypeptides. Although histone H3.1 predominates in cycling cells, our knowledge of the soluble complexes that it forms en route to deposition or following eviction from chromatin remains limited. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the H3.1-binding proteome, with emphasis on its interactions with histone chaperones and components of the replication fork. Quantitative mass spectrometry revealed 170 protein interactions, whereas a large-scale biochemical fractionation of H3.1 and associated enzymatic activities uncovered over twenty stable protein complexes in dividing human cells. The sNASP and ASF1 chaperones play pivotal roles in the processing of soluble histones but do not associate with the active CDC45/MCM2-7/GINS (CMG) replicative helicase. We also find TONSL-MMS22L to function as a H3-H4 histone chaperone. It associates with the regulatory MCM5 subunit of the replicative helicase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Campos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Arne H Smits
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6525 GA
| | - Young-Hoon Kang
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sébastien Landry
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Thelma M Escobar
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shruti Nayak
- Office of Collaborative Science, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Beatrix M Ueberheide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel Durocher
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6525 GA
| | - Jerard Hurwitz
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY 10021, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA.
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10
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Campos EI, Stafford JM, Reinberg D. Epigenetic inheritance: histone bookmarks across generations. Trends Cell Biol 2014; 24:664-74. [PMID: 25242115 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple circuitries ensure that cells respond correctly to the environmental cues within defined cellular programs. There is increasing evidence suggesting that cellular memory for these adaptive processes can be passed on through cell divisions and generations. However, the mechanisms by which this epigenetic information is transferred remain elusive, largely because it requires that such memory survive through gross chromatin remodeling events during DNA replication, mitosis, meiosis, and developmental reprogramming. Elucidating the processes by which epigenetic information survives and is transmitted is a central challenge in biology. In this review, we consider recent advances in understanding mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance with a focus on histone segregation at the replication fork, and how an epigenetic memory may get passed through the paternal lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Campos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M Stafford
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Li J, D'Angiolella V, Seeley ES, Kim S, Kobayashi T, Fu W, Campos EI, Pagano M, Dynlacht BD. USP33 regulates centrosome biogenesis via deubiquitination of the centriolar protein CP110. Nature 2013; 495:255-9. [PMID: 23486064 DOI: 10.1038/nature11941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome duplication is critical for cell division, and genome instability can result if duplication is not restricted to a single round per cell cycle. Centrosome duplication is controlled in part by CP110, a centriolar protein that positively regulates centriole duplication while restricting centriole elongation and ciliogenesis. Maintenance of normal CP110 levels is essential, as excessive CP110 drives centrosome over-duplication and suppresses ciliogenesis, whereas its depletion inhibits centriole amplification and leads to highly elongated centrioles and aberrant assembly of cilia in growing cells. CP110 levels are tightly controlled, partly through ubiquitination by the ubiquitin ligase complex SCF(cyclin F) during G2 and M phases of the cell cycle. Here, using human cells, we report a new mechanism for the regulation of centrosome duplication that requires USP33, a deubiquitinating enzyme that is able to regulate CP110 levels. USP33 interacts with CP110 and localizes to centrioles primarily in S and G2/M phases, the periods during which centrioles duplicate and elongate. USP33 potently and specifically deubiquitinates CP110, but not other cyclin-F substrates. USP33 activity antagonizes SCF(cyclin F)-mediated ubiquitination and promotes the generation of supernumerary centriolar foci, whereas ablation of USP33 destabilizes CP110 and thereby inhibits centrosome amplification and mitotic defects. To our knowledge, we have identified the first centriolar deubiquitinating enzyme whose expression regulates centrosome homeostasis by countering cyclin-F-mediated destruction of a key substrate. Our results point towards potential therapeutic strategies for inhibiting tumorigenesis associated with centrosome amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Institute, Smilow Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
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12
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Tsikitis M, Acosta-Alvear D, Blais A, Campos EI, Lane WS, Sánchez I, Dynlacht BD. Traf7, a MyoD1 transcriptional target, regulates nuclear factor-κB activity during myogenesis. EMBO Rep 2010; 11:969-76. [PMID: 20948544 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2010.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified the E3 ligase Traf7 as a direct MyoD1 target and show that cell cycle exit-an early event in muscle differentiation-is linked to decreased Traf7 expression. Depletion of Traf7 accelerates myogenesis, in part through downregulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. We used a proteomic screen to identify NEMO, the NF-κB essential modulator, as a Traf7-interacting protein. Finally, we show that ubiquitylation of NF-κB essential modulator is regulated exclusively by Traf7 activity in myoblasts. Our results suggest a new mechanism by which MyoD1 function is coupled to NF-κB activity through Traf7, regulating the balance between cell cycle progression and differentiation during myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Tsikitis
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA
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13
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Abstract
Understanding exactly how chromatin is assembled is paramount to addressing how select histone modifications may be transmitted, a putative epigenetic process. In the June 15, 2010, issue of Genes & Development, Drané and colleagues (pp. 1253-1265) identified DAXX as a novel H3.3-specific chaperone. This finding, in the context of others published by Goldberg and colleagues in Cell and Sawatsubashi and colleagues (pp. 159-170) in the January 15, 2010, issue of Genes & Development, provides the impetus for uncovering the mechanistic and functional properties of alternative histone deposition pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Campos
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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14
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Abstract
Chromatin is a highly regulated nucleoprotein complex through which genetic material is structured and maneuvered to elicit cellular processes, including transcription, cell division, differentiation, and DNA repair. In eukaryotes, the core of this structure is composed of nucleosomes, or repetitive histone octamer units typically enfolded by 147 base pairs of DNA. DNA is arranged and indexed through these nucleosomal structures to adjust local chromatin compaction and accessibility. Histones are subject to multiple covalent posttranslational modifications, some of which alter intrinsic chromatin properties, others of which present or hinder binding modules for non-histone, chromatin-modifying complexes. Although certain histone marks correlate with different biological outputs, we have yet to fully appreciate their effects on transcription and other cellular processes. Tremendous advancements over the past years have uncovered intriguing histone-related matters and raised important related questions. This review revisits past breakthroughs and discusses novel developments that pertain to histone posttranslational modifications and the affects they have on transcription and DNA packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Campos
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
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15
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Garate M, Campos EI, Bush JA, Xiao H, Li G. Phosphorylation of the tumor suppressor p33(ING1b) at Ser-126 influences its protein stability and proliferation of melanoma cells. FASEB J 2007; 21:3705-16. [PMID: 17585055 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-8069com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ING (inhibitor of growth) tumor suppressors regulate cell-cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and ultimately tumor suppression. Among the ING family members, p33(ING1b) is the most intensively studied and plays an important role in the cellular stress response to DNA damage. Here we demonstrate that there is basal phosphorylation of p33(ING1b) at Ser-126 in normal physiological conditions and that this phosphorylation is increased on DNA damage. The mutation of Ser-126 to alanine dramatically shortened the half-life of p33(ING1b). Furthermore, we found that both Chk1 and Cdk1 can phosphorylate this residue. Interestingly, while Cdk1 can phosphorylate p33(ING1b) at Ser-126 in nonstress conditions, Chk1 predominantly phosphorylates this residue on DNA damage, which suggests that p33(ING1b) is a downstream target of the ATM/ATR response cascade to genotoxic stress. More importantly, our data indicate that the Ser-126 residue plays a key role in regulating the expression of cyclin B1 and proliferation of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Garate
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak St., Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3Z6
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16
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Kuo WHW, Wang Y, Wong RPC, Campos EI, Li G. The ING1b tumor suppressor facilitates nucleotide excision repair by promoting chromatin accessibility to XPA. Exp Cell Res 2007; 313:1628-38. [PMID: 17379210 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 02/03/2007] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ING1b is the most studied ING family protein and perhaps the most ubiquitously and abundantly expressed. This protein is involved in the regulation of various biological functions ranging from senescence, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, to DNA repair. ING1b is upregulated by UV irradiation and enhances the removal of bulky nucleic acid photoproducts. In this study, we provide evidence that ING1b mediates nucleotide excision repair by facilitating the access to damaged nucleosomal DNA. We demonstrate that ING1b is not recruited to UV-induced DNA lesions but enhances nucleotide excision repair only in XPC-proficient cells, implying an essential role in early steps of the 'access, repair, restore' model. We also find that ING1b alters histone acetylation dynamics upon exposure to UV radiation and induces chromatin relaxation in microccocal nuclease digestion assay, revealing that ING1b may allow better access to nucleotide excision repair machinery. More importantly, ING1b associates with chromatin in a UV-inducible manner and facilitates DNA access to nucleotide excision repair factor XPA. Furthermore, depletion of the endogenous ING1b results to the sensitization of cells at S-phase to UV irradiation. Taken together, these observations establish a role of ING1b acting as a chromatin accessibility factor for DNA damage recognition proteins upon genotoxic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hung W Kuo
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada BC V6H 3Z6
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17
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Zhou Y, Dai DL, Martinka M, Su M, Zhang Y, Campos EI, Dorocicz I, Tang L, Huntsman D, Nelson C, Ho V, Li G. Osteopontin expression correlates with melanoma invasion. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124:1044-52. [PMID: 15854047 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers affecting humans. Although early melanomas are curable with surgical excision, metastatic melanomas are associated with high mortality. The mechanism of melanoma development, progression, and metastasis is largely unknown. In order to uncover genes unique to melanoma cells, we used high-density DNA microarrays to examine the gene expression profiles of metastatic melanoma nodules using benign nevi as controls. Over 190 genes were significantly overexpressed in metastatic melanomas compared with normal nevi by at least 2-fold. One of the most abundantly expressed genes in metastatic melanoma nodules is osteopontin (OPN). Immunohistochemistry staining on tissue microarrays and individual skin biopsies representing different stages of melanoma progression revealed that OPN expression is first acquired at the step of melanoma tissue invasion. In addition, blocking of OPN expression by RNA interference reduced melanoma cell numbers in vitro. Our observations suggest that OPN may be acquired early in melanoma development and progression, and may enhance tumor cell growth in invasive melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Zhou
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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18
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Qiang L, Xiao H, Campos EI, Ho VC, Li G. Development of a PAN-Specific, Affinity-Purified Anti-acetylated Lysine Antibody for Detection, Identification, Isolation, and Intracellular Localization of Acetylated Protein. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2005; 26:13-23. [PMID: 15754801 DOI: 10.1081/ias-200041153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation on the lysine residue is an important event of posttranslational modification of proteins. In this study, we developed a simple method to produce and to affinity purify the specific anti-acetylated lysine polyclonal antibody, which is useful for the detection, identification, isolation, and intracellular localization of acetylated proteins on the lysine residues. We utilized the chemically acetylated hemocyanin of keyhole limpets (KLH) as an immunogen to raise the immune serum and to isolate the population of the acetylated lysine specific antibody using the immobilized acetylated lysine as immunoaffinity-ligand. The isolated antibody was tested to be useful for ELISA, immunoblotting detection, immunofluorescent localization, and affinity isolation of the acetylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qiang
- Department of Medicine, ImmuneChem Pharmaceuticals Inc, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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19
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Abstract
Deregulation of apoptotic processes is likely one of the key factors contributing to the malignant nature of melanoma marked by strong chemoresistance. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) suppresses apoptosis through the inhibition of various caspases. Recently, XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1) has been identified as a XIAP-binding protein that antagonizes the anti-apoptotic activity of XIAP. In this study, we sought to determine the role of XAF1 in melanoma progression. Analysis of XAF1 mRNA expression in melanoma cell lines revealed that XAF1 mRNA was downregulated in 15 of 16 cell lines examined. We next evaluated XAF1 protein expression on a tissue microarray representing 40 benign nevi and 70 primary melanomas. Our results showed that XAF1 expression in melanoma tissues was significantly reduced compared with benign melanocytic nevi (p<0.05). Our data also demonstrated that the substantial reduction of XAF1 expression occurred in both nucleus and cytoplasm in the tumor cells (p<0.0001 for both). Reduced XAF1 expression, however, was not significantly correlated with tumor thickness and 5-y patient survival. Further studies are required to understand the molecular mechanisms governing the selective loss of XAF1 expression in the tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Cheung P Ng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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20
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Abstract
Early studies of the inhibitor of growth 1 ( ING1) gene, the founding member of the ING tumor suppressor family, demonstrated that this gene plays an important role in apoptosis and cellular senescence. Four other related genes have since been identified and found to be involved in various biological activities, including cell cycle arrest, regulation of gene transcription, DNA repair and apoptosis. The biochemical functions of ING proteins as histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylase co-factors ties this new tumor suppressor family to the regulation of transcription, cell cycle check-points, DNA repair and apoptosis. This review is aimed at summarizing the known biological functions of the ING tumor suppressors and the signalling pathways that they involve.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Campos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of British Columbia, V6H 3Z6, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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21
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Campos EI, Martinka M, Mitchell DL, Dai DL, Li G. Mutations of the ING1 tumor suppressor gene detected in human melanoma abrogate nucleotide excision repair. Int J Oncol 2004; 25:73-80. [PMID: 15201991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence indicates that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the primary environmental cause of the rapid increase in the incidence of human cutaneous melanoma observed in the past decades. However, the genetic changes caused by UVR that lead to melanoma formation remain unclear. The ING1 (inhibitor of growth 1) tumor suppressor plays an important role in cellular stress response to UVR. To further investigate whether ING1 is involved in melanoma development, we examined the mutational status of the ING1 gene in 46 human cutaneous melanoma biopsies and characterized the biological importance of ING1 mutations in nucleotide excision repair. Single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing were used to detect the mutational status of the ING1 gene. The host-cell-reactivation assay and radioimmunoassay were used to determine the role of ING1 mutations in nucleotide excision repair. We show that 20% of the melanoma primaries contained missense mutations in the SAP30-interacting domain and PHD finger motif of the ING1 gene with the R102L and N260S alterations observed more than once. Furthermore, our data indicate that patients that harbor ING1 mutations in the tumors have a higher risk to die from the disease within 5 years (50%) compared to patients with no ING1 mutation (18%). Moreover, we demonstrated that mutations at codon 102 or 260 as well as deletion of the PHD finger motif are detrimental to p33ING1-mediated enhancement of DNA repair. Taken together, our data indicate that ING1 mutations abrogate its enhancement in nucleotide excision repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Campos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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22
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Abstract
The p33(ING1b) tumor suppressor protein plays a prominent role in cellular stress responses including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis, and chromatin remodeling. As the main product of the inhibitor of growth 1 (ING1) gene, p33(ING1b) is the most intensively studied protein of the ING family. So far, most ING1 antibodies have been raised against full-length proteins. Since all ING1 isoforms share an identical carboxyl-terminus, and commercially available ING1 antibodies often lack specificity, we sought to develop a polyclonal antibody capable of specifically recognizing the p33(ING1b) protein. Here, we describe the development and characterization of the p33(ING1b)-specific antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Campos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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23
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Chen B, Campos EI, Crawford R, Martinka M, Li G. Analyses of the tumour suppressor ING1 expression and gene mutation in human basal cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2003. [PMID: 12632089 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.22.4.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of basal cell carcinoma is the highest among all human malignancies. Epidemiological evidence indicates that ultraviolet radiation is the primary environmental cause for the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma. However, the genetic changes caused by ultraviolet radiation that lead to basal cell carcinoma formation remain unclear. We and others have demonstrated that the ING1 (inhibitor of growth 1) tumour suppressor plays an important role in cellular stress response to ultraviolet irradiation, such as DNA repair and apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate whether ING1 is overexpressed and/or mutated in human basal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and DNA sequencing were used to determine the expression and mutational status of the ING1 gene in 54 basal cell carcinoma biopsies. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that ING1 is overexpressed in 25% (6/24) human basal cell carcinomas. Single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing revealed that only 1 in 54 (1.8%) basal cell carcinoma primaries contained a missense mutation in the ING1 gene. The mutation is located in exon 2 and could thus potentially interfere with the structure of every ING1 isoforms and the functions of the PHD zinc finger motif. Our data indicate that overexpression and mutation of the ING1 gene are infrequent in human basal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Dai DL, Makretsov N, Campos EI, Huang C, Zhou Y, Huntsman D, Martinka M, Li G. Increased expression of integrin-linked kinase is correlated with melanoma progression and poor patient survival. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9:4409-14. [PMID: 14555513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key component of the extracellular matrix adhesion, has been studied extensively in recent years. Overexpression of ILK in epithelial cells results in anchorage-independent cell growth with increased cell cycle progression. Furthermore, increased ILK expression is correlated with progression of several human tumor types, including breast, prostate, and colon carcinomas. However, the role of ILK overexpression in human melanoma pathogenesis is not known. To investigate whether ILK plays a role in melanoma progression, we measured ILK expression in primary melanoma biopsies at various stages of invasion and evaluated the prognostic value of ILK expression in human melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry to determine ILK expression in 67 primary melanomas and analyzed the correlation between ILK expression and melanoma progression and 5-year patient survival. RESULTS We show that strong ILK expression is significantly associated with melanoma thickness. Strong ILK expression was observed in 0, 22, 33, and 63% in melanoma biopsies </=0.75, 0.76-1.50, 1.51-3.0, and >3.0 mm in thickness, respectively. Furthermore, strong ILK expression was detected in 83% of the tumors with lymph node invasion compared with only 18% for tumors without lymph node invasion (P < 0.01). Strikingly, our data revealed that strong ILK expression is inversely correlated with 5-year patient survival (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION ILK expression increases dramatically with melanoma invasion and progression and is inversely correlated with patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Dai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3Z6 Canada
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Chen B, Campos EI, Crawford R, Martinka M, Li G. Analyses of the tumour suppressor ING1 expression and gene mutation in human basal cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2003; 22:927-31. [PMID: 12632089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of basal cell carcinoma is the highest among all human malignancies. Epidemiological evidence indicates that ultraviolet radiation is the primary environmental cause for the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma. However, the genetic changes caused by ultraviolet radiation that lead to basal cell carcinoma formation remain unclear. We and others have demonstrated that the ING1 (inhibitor of growth 1) tumour suppressor plays an important role in cellular stress response to ultraviolet irradiation, such as DNA repair and apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate whether ING1 is overexpressed and/or mutated in human basal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and DNA sequencing were used to determine the expression and mutational status of the ING1 gene in 54 basal cell carcinoma biopsies. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that ING1 is overexpressed in 25% (6/24) human basal cell carcinomas. Single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing revealed that only 1 in 54 (1.8%) basal cell carcinoma primaries contained a missense mutation in the ING1 gene. The mutation is located in exon 2 and could thus potentially interfere with the structure of every ING1 isoforms and the functions of the PHD zinc finger motif. Our data indicate that overexpression and mutation of the ING1 gene are infrequent in human basal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence indicates that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is directly linked to the increase of both incidence and mortality of melanoma. However, the genetic changes caused by UV radiation that lead to melanoma formation remain poorly understood. Recently, a potential tumour suppressor gene ING1 (inhibitor of growth 1) was shown to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in the presence of p53. We have demonstrated that the expression of ING1 is induced after UV irradiation and that ING1 enhances the repair of UV-damaged DNA. OBJECTIVES To investigate if ING1 plays a role in melanoma formation. METHODS We examined p33ING1 expression levels in 14 melanoma cell lines. RESULTS We found that p33ING1 is overexpressed at both mRNA and protein levels in melanoma cell lines compared with normal melanocytes. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis showed band shifting in two melanoma cell lines. DNA sequencing confirmed that there were nucleotide alterations in the ING1 gene in Sk-mel-24 and Sk-mel-110 cell lines. Two silent nucleotide alterations in exon 1a were detected in Sk-mel-110. In Sk-mel-24, the A-->G nucleotide alteration at codon 260 resulted in an amino acid change from Asn to Ser, while seven other nucleotide alterations were silent. To determine if the silent nucleotide alterations in these two melanoma cell lines were due to polymorphism, SSCP analysis of ING1 gene was performed in 25 healthy volunteers. No band shift was observed in the SSCP analysis, suggesting that the nucleotide alterations in the melanoma cell lines are unlikely to be due to polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data demonstrate that ING1 is overexpressed, but infrequently mutated, in melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Campos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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