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Standish I, Leis E, Erickson S, McCann R, Puzach C, Katona R, Lark E, Bailey J, Kleman E, Buening J, Edwards C, Loch T, Phillips K. Vagococcus salmoninarum II-qPCR, tropism and egg-associated transmission. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:317-325. [PMID: 32030787 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vagococcus salmoninarum was identified as the causative agent of a chronic epizootic in broodstock "coaster" brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) at the Iron River National Fish Hatchery. The epizootic spanned more than a year, was unresponsive to multiple florfenicol treatments, and resulted in >50% mortality of the affected fish. The decision was made to cull the remaining fish during spawning, which presented an opportunity to more thoroughly examine V. salmoninarum sampling methods, organ tropism and vertical transmission. A newly developed qPCR targeting the pheS gene was used in concert with bacterial culture to show that V. salmoninarum indeed disproportionately affects females and has a tropism for female reproductive tissues. The study demonstrates that some female reproductive tissues (e.g. ovarian fluid, unfertilized eggs) are also an effective option for non-lethal detection. Despite the widespread presence of V. salmoninarum in ovarian fluid and on egg surfaces, we found no evidence of intra-ova transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Corey Puzach
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Ellen Lark
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer Bailey
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Eric Kleman
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Jorge Buening
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, WI, USA
| | - Carey Edwards
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Iron River National Fish Hatchery, Iron River, WI, USA
| | - Thomas Loch
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth Phillips
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center, Onalaska, WI, USA
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Standish I, Erickson S, Kleman E, McCann R, Katona R, Leis E. Yersinia ruckeri Isolated from Common Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus. J Aquat Anim Health 2019; 31:71-74. [PMID: 30548975 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During a routine health inspection of apparently healthy wild-caught common mudpuppies Necturus maculosus, the bacteria Yersinia ruckeri was isolated and the identity confirmed using biochemical and molecular methods. This represents the first isolation of Y. ruckeri from an amphibian. This finding increases the known host range capable of harboring this important fish pathogen and could have serious management implications for aquaculture. Furthermore, addressing wild amphibians in fish hatchery biosecurity plans is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Standish
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Sara Erickson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Eric Kleman
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Rebekah McCann
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Ryan Katona
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
| | - Eric Leis
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Fisheries Center, La Crosse Fish Health Center, 555 Lester Avenue, Onalaska, Wisconsin, 54650, USA
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