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Pavkova I, Kopeckova M, Link M, Vlcak E, Filimonenko V, Lecova L, Zakova J, Laskova P, Sheshko V, Machacek M, Stulik J. Francisella tularensis Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Is Relocalized during Intracellular Infection and Reveals Effect on Cytokine Gene Expression and Signaling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040607. [PMID: 36831274 PMCID: PMC9954481 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is known for its multifunctionality in several pathogenic bacteria. Our previously reported data suggest that the GAPDH homologue of Francisella tularensis, GapA, might also be involved in other processes beyond metabolism. In the present study, we explored GapA's potential implication in pathogenic processes at the host cell level. Using immunoelectron microscopy, we demonstrated the localization of this bacterial protein inside infected macrophages and its peripheral distribution in bacterial cells increasing with infection time. A quantitative proteomic approach based on stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) combined with pull-down assay enabled the identification of several of GapA's potential interacting partners within the host cell proteome. Two of these partners were further confirmed by alternative methods. We also investigated the impact of gapA deletion on the transcription of selected cytokine genes and the activation of the main signaling pathways. Our results show that ∆gapA-induced transcription of genes encoding several cytokines whose expressions were not affected in cells infected with a fully virulent wild-type strain. That might be caused, at least in part, by the detected differences in ERK/MAPK signaling activation. The experimental observations together demonstrate that the F. tularensis GAPDH homologue is directly implicated in multiple host cellular processes and, thereby, that it participates in several molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Pavkova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-973-255-201
| | - Monika Kopeckova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Link
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Vlcak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlada Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Lecova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Zakova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Laskova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Valeria Sheshko
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Machacek
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Stulik
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Stemberkova-Hubackova S, Zobalova R, Dubisova M, Smigova J, Dvorakova S, Korinkova K, Ezrova Z, Endaya B, Blazkova K, Vlcak E, Brisudova P, Le DDT, Juhas S, Rosel D, Daniela Kelemen C, Sovilj D, Vacurova E, Cajka T, Filimonenko V, Dong L, Andera L, Hozak P, Brabek J, Bielcikova Z, Stursa J, Werner L, Neuzil J. Simultaneous targeting of mitochondrial metabolism and immune checkpoints as a new strategy for renal cancer therapy. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e645. [PMID: 35352502 PMCID: PMC8964933 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Dubisova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Smigova
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Dvorakova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Korinkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ezrova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Kristyna Blazkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Vlcak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Brisudova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Dan-Diem Thi Le
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Juhas
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Science, PIGMOD Centre, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rosel
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Daniela Kelemen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Sovilj
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Vacurova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Cajka
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vlada Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Ladislav Andera
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brabek
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
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Magalhaes-Novais S, Blecha J, Naraine R, Mikesova J, Abaffy P, Pecinova A, Milosevic M, Bohuslavova R, Prochazka J, Khan S, Novotna E, Sindelka R, Machan R, Dewerchin M, Vlcak E, Kalucka J, Stemberkova Hubackova S, Benda A, Goveia J, Mracek T, Barinka C, Carmeliet P, Neuzil J, Rohlenova K, Rohlena J. Mitochondrial respiration supports autophagy to provide stress resistance during quiescence. Autophagy 2022; 18:2409-2426. [PMID: 35258392 PMCID: PMC9542673 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2038898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) generates ATP, but OXPHOS also supports biosynthesis during proliferation. In contrast, the role of OXPHOS during quiescence, beyond ATP production, is not well understood. Using mouse models of inducible OXPHOS deficiency in all cell types or specifically in the vascular endothelium that negligibly relies on OXPHOS-derived ATP, we show that selectively during quiescence OXPHOS provides oxidative stress resistance by supporting macroautophagy/autophagy. Mechanistically, OXPHOS constitutively generates low levels of endogenous ROS that induce autophagy via attenuation of ATG4B activity, which provides protection from ROS insult. Physiologically, the OXPHOS-autophagy system (i) protects healthy tissue from toxicity of ROS-based anticancer therapy, and (ii) provides ROS resistance in the endothelium, ameliorating systemic LPS-induced inflammation as well as inflammatory bowel disease. Hence, cells acquired mitochondria during evolution to profit from oxidative metabolism, but also built in an autophagy-based ROS-induced protective mechanism to guard against oxidative stress associated with OXPHOS function during quiescence. Abbreviations: AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; AOX: alternative oxidase; Baf A: bafilomycin A1; CI, respiratory complexes I; DCF-DA: 2′,7′-dichlordihydrofluorescein diacetate; DHE: dihydroethidium; DSS: dextran sodium sulfate; ΔΨmi: mitochondrial inner membrane potential; EdU: 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine; ETC: electron transport chain; FA: formaldehyde; HUVEC; human umbilical cord endothelial cells; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; NAC: N-acetyl cysteine; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PCs: proliferating cells; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PEITC: phenethyl isothiocyanate; QCs: quiescent cells; ROS: reactive oxygen species; PLA2: phospholipase A2, WB: western blot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Magalhaes-Novais
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Blecha
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ravindra Naraine
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Mikesova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Abaffy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Pecinova
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mirko Milosevic
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Bohuslavova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Shawez Khan
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eliska Novotna
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Sindelka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Machan
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Vlcak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sona Stemberkova Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Benda
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jermaine Goveia
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Mracek
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
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Pavkova I, Klimentova J, Bavlovic J, Horcickova L, Kubelkova K, Vlcak E, Raabova H, Filimonenko V, Ballek O, Stulik J. Francisella tularensis Outer Membrane Vesicles Participate in the Early Phase of Interaction With Macrophages. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:748706. [PMID: 34721352 PMCID: PMC8554293 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.748706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is known to release unusually shaped tubular outer membrane vesicles (OMV) containing a number of previously identified virulence factors and immunomodulatory proteins. In this study, we present that OMV isolated from the F. tularensis subsp. holarctica strain FSC200 enter readily into primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and seem to reside in structures resembling late endosomes in the later intervals. The isolated OMV enter BMDM generally via macropinocytosis and clathrin-dependent endocytosis, with a minor role played by lipid raft-dependent endocytosis. OMVs proved to be non-toxic and had no negative impact on the viability of BMDM. Unlike the parent bacterium itself, isolated OMV induced massive and dose-dependent proinflammatory responses in BMDM. Using transmission electron microscopy, we also evaluated OMV release from the bacterial surface during several stages of the interaction of Francisella with BMDM. During adherence and the early phase of the uptake of bacteria, we observed numerous tubular OMV-like protrusions bulging from the bacteria in close proximity to the macrophage plasma membrane. This suggests a possible role of OMV in the entry of bacteria into host cells. On the contrary, the OMV release from the bacterial surface during its cytosolic phase was negligible. We propose that OMV play some role in the extracellular phase of the interaction of Francisella with the host and that they are involved in the entry mechanism of the bacteria into macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Pavkova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jana Klimentova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jan Bavlovic
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Lenka Horcickova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Klara Kubelkova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Erik Vlcak
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Raabova
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vlada Filimonenko
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Ballek
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Stulik
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
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