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Di Pilato V, Codda G, Niccolai C, Willison E, Wong JLC, Coppo E, Frankel G, Marchese A, Rossolini GM. Functional features of KPC-109, a novel 270-loop KPC-3 mutant mediating resistance to avibactam-based β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefiderocol. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107030. [PMID: 37931849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate a ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (NE368), isolated from a patient exposed to CZA, expressing a novel K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-3 variant (KPC-109). METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of NE368 was performed combining a short- and long-reads approach (Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Functional characterization of KPC-109 was performed to investigate the impact of KPC-109 production on the β-lactam resistance phenotype of various Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, including derivatives of K. pneumoniae with OmpK35 and OmpK36 porin alterations. Horizontal transfer of the KPC-109-encoding plasmid was investigated by conjugation and transformation experiments. RESULTS K. pneumoniae NE368 was isolated from a patient after repeated CZA exposure, and showed resistance to CZA, fluoroquinolones, piperacillin/tazobactam, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, amikacin, carbapenems and cefiderocol. WGS revealed the presence of a large chimeric plasmid of original structure (pKPN-NE368), encoding a novel 270-loop mutated KPC-3 variant (KPC-109; ins_270_KYNKDD). KPC-109 production mediated resistance/decreased susceptibility to avibactam-based combinations (with ceftazidime, cefepime and aztreonam) and cefiderocol, with a trade-off on carbapenem resistance. However, in the presence of porin alterations commonly encountered in high-risk clonal lineages of K. pneumoniae, KPC-109 was also able to confer clinical-level resistance to carbapenems. Resistance of NE368 to cefiderocol was likely contributed by KPC-109 production acting in concert with a mutated EnvZ sensor kinase. The KPC-109-encoding plasmid did not appear to be conjugative. CONCLUSIONS These findings expand current knowledge about the diversity of emerging KPC enzyme variants with 270-loop alterations that can be encountered in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Codda
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Edward Willison
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Joshua L C Wong
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gad Frankel
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Marchese
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Giacobbe DR, Crea F, Morici P, Magnasco L, Di Pilato V, Briano F, Willison E, Pincino R, Dettori S, Tutino S, Esposito S, Coppo E, Dentone C, Portunato F, Mikulska M, Robba C, Vena A, Battaglini D, Brunetti I, Ball L, Pelosi P, Marchese A, Bassetti M. T2Bacteria and T2Resistance Assays in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Descriptive Experience. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121823. [PMID: 36551480 PMCID: PMC9774778 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of rapid molecular tests may anticipate the identification of causative agents and resistance determinants in the blood of critically ill patients with sepsis. From April to December 2021, all intensive care unit patients with sepsis or septic shock who were tested with the T2Bacteria and T2Resistance assays were included in a retrospective, single center study. The primary descriptive endpoints were results of rapid molecular tests and concomitant blood cultures. Overall, 38 combinations of T2Bacteria and T2Resistance tests were performed. One or more causative agent(s) were identified by the T2Bacteria assay in 26% of episodes (10/38), whereas negative and invalid results were obtained in 66% (25/38) and 8% (3/38) of episodes, respectively. The same pathogen detected by the T2Bacteria test grew from blood cultures in 30% of cases (3/10). One or more determinant(s) of resistance were identified by the T2Resistance assay in 11% of episodes (4/38). Changes in therapy based on T2Bacteria and/or T2Resistance results occurred in 21% of episodes (8/38). In conclusion, T2Bacteria/T2Resistance results can influence early treatment decisions in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock in real-life practice. Large, controlled studies remain necessary to confirm a favorable impact on patients' outcomes and antimicrobial stewardship interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Crea
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Morici
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Magnasco
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Briano
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale San Paolo—ASL 2 Savonese, 17100 Savona, Italy
| | - Edward Willison
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rachele Pincino
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale di Sanremo—ASL 1 Imperiese, 18038 Sanremo, Italy
| | - Silvia Dettori
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Tutino
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Esposito
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Dentone
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Portunato
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Mikulska
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Robba
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Vena
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Iole Brunetti
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Martino Policlinico Hospital-IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Marchese A, Santoriello L, Riccio G, Coppo E, Carrega G. First description of human invasive infection due to Thalassospira profundimaris. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 25:1162-1163. [PMID: 31170455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Marchese
- Microbiology Unit, DISC University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Microbiology Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - L Santoriello
- S.S.D Microbiologia, ASL2 Savonese Ospedale S. Corona, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - G Riccio
- S.C. Malattie Infettive, ASL2 Savonese Ospedale S.M. di Misericordia, Albenga, Italy
| | - E Coppo
- Microbiology Unit, DISC University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Carrega
- S.C. Malattie Infettive, ASL2 Savonese Ospedale S.M. di Misericordia, Albenga, Italy
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Giacobbe DR, di Masi A, Leboffe L, Del Bono V, Rossi M, Cappiello D, Coppo E, Marchese A, Casulli A, Signori A, Novelli A, Perrone K, Principe L, Bandera A, Vender LE, Misin A, Occhilupo P, Melone M, Ascenzi P, Gori A, Luzzati R, Viscoli C, Di Bella S. Hypoalbuminemia as a predictor of acute kidney injury during colistin treatment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11968. [PMID: 30097635 PMCID: PMC6086859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) during colistin therapy in a cohort of patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) due to colistin-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria, focusing on the role of serum albumin levels. The study consisted of two parts: (1) a multicentre retrospective clinical study to assess the predictors of AKI during colistin therapy, defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria; and (2) bioinformatic and biochemical characterization of the possible interaction between human serum albumin and colistin. Among the 170 patients included in the study, 71 (42%), 35 (21%), and 11 (6%) developed KDIGO stage 1 (K1-AKI), KDIGO stage 2 (K2-AKI), and KDIGO stage 3 (K3-AKI), respectively. In multivariable analyses, serum albumin <2.5 g/dL was independently associated with K1-AKI (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.93, p = 0.009) and K2-AKI (sHR 2.37, 95% CI 1.15-4.87, p = 0.019). Bioinformatic and biochemical analyses provided additional information nurturing the discussion on how hypoalbuminemia favors development of AKI during colistin therapy. In conclusion, severe hypoalbuminemia independently predicted AKI during colistin therapy in a large cohort of patients with BSI due to colistin-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria. Further study is needed to clarify the underlying causal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS per l'Oncologia and Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Del Bono
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Marianna Rossi
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Dario Cappiello
- Città di Lecce Hospital - GVM Care and Research, Lecce, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Unit, University of Genoa (DISC) and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS per l'Oncologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit, University of Genoa (DISC) and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS per l'Oncologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annarita Casulli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS per l'Oncologia and Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Novelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Katja Perrone
- Città di Lecce Hospital - GVM Care and Research, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luigi Principe
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Enrico Vender
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Misin
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Melone
- Città di Lecce Hospital - GVM Care and Research, Lecce, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- University of Milan and Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Viscoli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS per l'Oncologia and Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Infectious Diseases Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Marchese A, Arciola CR, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Barreca D, Chebaibi S, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Daglia M. The natural plant compound carvacrol as an antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agent: mechanisms, synergies and bio-inspired anti-infective materials. Biofouling 2018; 34:630-656. [PMID: 30067078 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1480756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methyl phenol) is a natural compound that occurs in the leaves of a number of plants and herbs including wild bergamot, thyme and pepperwort, but which is most abundant in oregano. The aim of this review is to analyse the scientific data from the last five years (2012-2017) on the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of carvacrol, targeting different bacteria and fungi responsible for human infectious diseases. The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm mechanisms of carvacrol and its synergies with antibiotics are illustrated. The potential of carvacrol-loaded anti-infective nanomaterials is underlined. Carvacrol shows excellent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities, and is a very interesting bioactive compound against fungi and a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and being active against both planktonic and sessile human pathogens. Moreover, carvacrol lends itself to being combined with nanomaterials, thus providing an opportunity for preventing biofilm-associated infections by new bio-inspired, anti-infective materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchese
- a Microbiology Section DISC-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- b Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
- c Research Unit on Implant Infections , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- d Microbiology Section DISC , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Ramona Barbieri
- d Microbiology Section DISC , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- e Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Salima Chebaibi
- f Department of Health and Environment, Science Faculty , University Moulay Ismail , Meknes , Morocco
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- g Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Santiago de Compostela , Spain
- h Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad Central de Chile , Chile
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- i Applied Biotechnology Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- i Applied Biotechnology Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Maria Daglia
- j Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
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Delfino E, Fucile C, Del Bono V, Marchese A, Marini V, Coppo E, Casciaro R, Minicucci L, Giacobbe DR, Martelli A, Viscoli C, Mattioli F. Pharmacokinetics of high-dose extended-infusion meropenem during pulmonary exacerbation in adult cystic fibrosis patients: a case series. New Microbiol 2018; 41:47-51. [PMID: 29313863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This case series explored the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) characteristics of meropenem (MEM) in adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation. From January 2015 to June 2016, all adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic pulmonary infection due to meropenem (MEM)-susceptible/intermediate Pseudomonas aeruginosa who received at least 48 h of MEM as an extended 3-hour infusion for treating a pulmonary exacerbation were enrolled. MEM plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Six adult CF patients with a median age of 47 years were included in the study. MEM showed a high Vd (mean 45.98 L, standard deviation [SD] ±34.45). A minimal PK/PD target of 40% T > minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with respect to the MEM MIC of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from sputum during exacerbation was achieved in 5/6 patients (83%). MEM failed to achieve this target only in one patient, whose strain showed the highest MEM MIC in our cohort (8 mg/L). In all patients, MEM was well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported. In conclusion, high-dose, extended-infusion MEM during pulmonary exacerbation showed a high Vd in six adult CF patients with high median age, and was well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Delfino
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Genoa (DISSAL) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmen Fucile
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa (DIMI), Genoa, Italy
| | - Valerio Del Bono
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Genoa (DISSAL) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit, University of Genoa (DISC) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Marini
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa (DIMI), Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Unit, University of Genoa (DISC) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosaria Casciaro
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Minicucci
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Genoa (DISSAL) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonietta Martelli
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa (DIMI), Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Viscoli
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Genoa (DISSAL) and San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, University of Genoa (DIMI), Genoa, Italy
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Marchese A, Barbieri R, Coppo E, Orhan IE, Daglia M, Nabavi SF, Izadi M, Abdollahi M, Nabavi SM, Ajami M. Antimicrobial activity of eugenol and essential oils containing eugenol: A mechanistic viewpoint. Crit Rev Microbiol 2017; 43:668-689. [PMID: 28346030 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2017.1295225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Eugenol is a hydroxyphenyl propene, naturally occurring in the essential oils of several plants belonging to the Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Myristicaceae families. It is one of the major constituents of clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, Myrtaceae) oil and is largely used in both foods and cosmetics as a flavoring agent. A large body of recent scientific evidence supports claims from traditional medicine that eugenol exerts beneficial effects on human health. These effects are mainly associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Eugenol has also shown excellent antimicrobial activity in studies, being active against fungi and a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this review is to analyze scientific data from the main published studies describing the antibacterial and antifungal activities of eugenol targeting different kind of microorganisms, such as those responsible for human infectious diseases, diseases of the oral cavity, and food-borne pathogens. This article also reports the effects of eugenol on multi-drug resistant microorganisms. On the basis of this collected data, eugenol represents a very interesting bioactive compound with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against both planktonic and sessile cells belonging to food-decaying microorganisms and human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchese
- a Sezione di Microbiologia DISC-IRCCS San Martino-IST University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Ramona Barbieri
- b Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- b Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- c Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Maria Daglia
- d Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- e Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Morteza Izadi
- f Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- g Toxicology and Diseases Group , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- e Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- h Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology , National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Del Bono V, Giacobbe DR, Marchese A, Parisini A, Fucile C, Coppo E, Marini V, Arena A, Molin A, Martelli A, Gratarola A, Viscoli C, Pelosi P, Mattioli F. Meropenem for treating KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: Should we get to the PK/PD root of the paradox? Virulence 2017; 8:66-73. [PMID: 27430122 PMCID: PMC5963200 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1213476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the achievement of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets of meropenem (MEM) in critically-ill patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) due to Klebsiella pneumoniae-carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) with MEM minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≥16 mg/L. Nineteen critically-ill patients with KPC-Kp BSI were given combination therapy including MEM, tigecycline, plus colistin or gentamicin (according to susceptibility testing). MEM was administered as an extended 3-hour infusion of 2 g every 8 hours, or adjusted according to renal function. MEM plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. PK/PD targets for MEM were defined as T > 40% 1×MIC and T > 40% 4×MIC. Possible synergisms between MEM and coadministered agents were assessed by time-kill assays based on plasma levels for MEM and on fixed plasma concentrations for the other agents. In none of 19 patients MEM reached any PK/PD target. The actual MEM MICs were 256, 512, and 1024 mg/L in 1, 3, and 15 isolates, respectively. However, theoretically, the PK/PD target of T > 40% 1×MIC could have been achieved in 95%, 68%, 32% and 0% of the isolates for MIC equal to 8, 16, 32, and 64 mg/L, respectively. No synergisms were observed between MEM and coadministered agents. In conclusion, high-dose MEM failed to reach PK/PD targets in 19 patients with BSI due to KPC-Kp with very high MEM MICs. On a theoretical basis, our results suggest a possible usefulness of MEM against resistant blood isolates with MICs up to 32 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Del Bono
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, DIPMI, DISSAL, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, DIPMI, DISSAL, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Unità di Microbiologia, DIPSE, DISC, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Parisini
- Centro ortopedico di Quadrante, Ospedale Madonna del Popolo, Omegna, Italy
| | - Carmen Fucile
- Unità di Farmacologia Clinica e Tossicologia, DIMI, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Unità di Microbiologia, DIPSE, DISC, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Marini
- Unità di Farmacologia Clinica e Tossicologia, DIMI, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Arena
- U.O. Anestesia e Rianimazione, DIPEA, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Alexandre Molin
- U.O. Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva, DIPEA, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonietta Martelli
- Unità di Farmacologia Clinica e Tossicologia, DIMI, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Angelo Gratarola
- U.O. Anestesia e Rianimazione, DIPEA, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Viscoli
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, DIPMI, DISSAL, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- U.O. Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva, DIPEA, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
- Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva, DISC, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Unità di Farmacologia Clinica e Tossicologia, DIMI, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
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9
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Marchese A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiol Res 2016; 196:44-68. [PMID: 28164790 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have shown that phytochemicals exert their antibacterial activity through different mechanisms of action, such as damage to the bacterial membrane and suppression of virulence factors, including inhibition of the activity of enzymes and toxins, and bacterial biofilm formation. In this review, we summarise data from the available literature regarding the antibacterial effects of the main phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes, alkaloids, sulfur-containing phytochemicals, terpenoids, and polyphenols. Some phytochemicals, besides having direct antimicrobial activity, showed an in vitro synergistic effect when tested in combination with conventional antibiotics, modifying antibiotic resistance. Review of the literature showed that phytochemicals represent a possible source of effective, cheap and safe antimicrobial agents, though much work must still be carried out, especially in in vivo conditions to ensure the selection of effective antimicrobial substances with low side and adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Coppo
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Sezione di Microbiologia DISC-IRCCS San Martino-IST University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Falcone Y, Grisoglio E, Iacovino M, Bottignole G, Coppo E, Li Puma F, Reano A, Bo M. Erratum to “Takotsubo syndrome following convulsive seizure in an elderly woman: A case report” [Eur. Geriatr. Med. (2016) 405–406]. Eur Geriatr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Salsano A, Giacobbe DR, Sportelli E, Olivieri GM, Brega C, Di Biase C, Coppo E, Marchese A, Del Bono V, Viscoli C, Santini F. Risk factors for infections due to carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
after open heart surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016; 23:762-768. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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12
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Ricci A, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Debbia EA, Marchese A. The effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of rifaximin on urease production and on other virulence factors expressed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. J Chemother 2016; 29:67-73. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2016.1195069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ricci
- Microbiology Section “C.A. Romanzi”, DISC, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Section “C.A. Romanzi”, DISC, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ramona Barbieri
- Microbiology Section “C.A. Romanzi”, DISC, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Eugenio A. Debbia
- Microbiology Section “C.A. Romanzi”, DISC, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Section “C.A. Romanzi”, DISC, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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13
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Mannina L, Sobolev AP, Coppo E, Di Lorenzo A, Nabavi SM, Marchese A, Daglia M. Antistaphylococcal activity and metabolite profiling of manuka honey (Leptospermum scoparium L.) after in vitro simulated digestion. Food Funct 2016; 7:1664-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01409c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The antistaphylococcal activity against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and the metabolite profiling of manuka honey (MH) were investigated before and after in vitro simulated digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- Italy
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche
- Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica “Annalaura Segre”
| | - Anatoly P. Sobolev
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche
- Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica “Annalaura Segre”
- CNR
- Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Unit
- DISC
- University of Genoa and IRCSS San Martino - IST
- Italy
| | - Arianna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Drug Sciences
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section
- University of Pavia
- Italy
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit
- DISC
- University of Genoa and IRCSS San Martino - IST
- Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section
- University of Pavia
- Italy
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Abstract
Polyphenols are a widely distributed group of natural products found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems and flowers. Such compounds, especially dietary flavonoids and tannins, have been shown to exert antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-cancer and antibacterial effects and may have beneficial effects on human health. The antimicrobial activity of polyphenols has been widely studied and hundreds of publications reporting the antimicrobial activity of polyphenols have been recently published. In an era of increasing antibiotic resistance, the development of new strategies to fight bacteria is welcome. Further studies are needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of polyphenols alone or in combination with currently available antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit-DISC, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa, Italy.
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15
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Giacobbe DR, Del Bono V, Coppo E, Marchese A, Viscoli C. Emergence of a KPC-3-Producing Escherichia coli ST69 as a Cause of Bloodstream Infections in Italy. Microb Drug Resist 2014; 21:342-4. [PMID: 25514440 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of carbapenem-resistant gram negatives is a global emergency, and surveillance of new resistant clones is critical from both public health and clinical standpoints. Herein, we describe the emergence of a KPC-3-producing Escherichia coli ST69 as a cause of bloodstream infection in two Italian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- 1Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valerio Del Bono
- 1Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- 2Microbiology Unit DISC, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Marchese
- 2Microbiology Unit DISC, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Viscoli
- 1Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Coppo E, Del Bono V, Ventura F, Camera M, Orengo G, Viscoli C, Marchese A. Identification of a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-4 (NDM-4)-producing Escherichia coli in Italy. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:148. [PMID: 24906230 PMCID: PMC4060580 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During June-July 2012, six imipenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were isolated from two patients hospitalized in a ward of one large tertiary-care hospital in Genoa, Italy. Genetic features associated with blaNDM-4 gene were investigated. RESULTS The isolates exhibited the same PFGE profile and a multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and β-lactams. The strains produced the NDM-4 carbapenemase and the blaNDM-4 gene was part of the variable region of a class 1 integron. MLST analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to sequence type 405 (ST405). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on the emergence of an MDR strain of E.coli producing the NDM-4 MBL in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Unit DISC, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Largo R, Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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17
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Trento M, Trevisan M, Coppo E, Raviolo A, Zanone MM, Cavallo F, Porta M. Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes within the first five years of life influences quality of life and risk of severe hypoglycemia in adulthood. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51:509-11. [PMID: 24241339 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-013-0530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive adaptation to disease is paramount to improve quality of life (QoL) and other psychological dimensions in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). This study aimed at identifying possible correlations between QoL, locus of control (LoC) and clinical variables in patients with T1DM followed up for 16 years. Fifty-nine patients (27 women) with T1DM, part of a cohort of 112 followed since 1996, accepted to participate. Patients were divided into those in whom onset of T1DM had been during the first 5 years of life (n = 16) or later. They were also stratified into worsened, stable and improved, based on whether their HbA1c had increased/decreased by 1 percentage point between baseline and last follow-up visit. QoL was measured by the Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaire (DQOL), translated into Italian and re-validated. The LoC was measured by the Peyrot- and Rubin-specific questionnaire. Patients who developed T1DM before age 5 had a better total DQOL score than those who developed it later in life, mainly due to the satisfaction dimension and a tendency to decreased fatalism in adult age. All subjects whose HbA1c had worsened from baseline had had their diagnosis after age 5 and reported more frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. Onset of diabetes after age 5 and more frequent hypoglycemia was more likely in subjects with worsened HbA1c (ORs 7.6, p < 0.10 and 20.3, p < 0.01, respectively, from a multivariate logistic model with HbA1c, dichotomized in 'worsened' vs all others, as dependent variable). Onset of T1DM during the first 5 years of life may result in better QoL and less fatalism in the long term. Presumably, these patients have no memory of disease onset, which may reduce trauma and facilitate adaptation to managing life with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trento
- Laboratory of Clinical Pedagogy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy,
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18
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Marchese A, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Debbia E. Emergence of KPC-2 Carbapenemase-ProducingKlebsiella pneumoniaeStrains and Spread of an Isolate of Sequence type 258 in the Neuro-Rehabilitation Unit of an Italian Hospital. J Chemother 2013; 22:212-4. [DOI: 10.1179/joc.2010.22.3.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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19
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Coppo E, Dusi PA, Dotta M, Debbia EA, Marchese A. Characterization of colistin-resistant A. baumannii isolated in Intensive Care Unit of an Italian Hospital. Microbiol Med 2013. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2013.3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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20
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Levi S, Piazzai P, Illiberi O, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Debbia EA, Marchese A. Evaluation of a new automated cell analyzer (Sysmex UF-1000i) for bacteriological screening of urine. Microbiol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2012.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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21
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Bottaro LC, Piazzai P, Illiberi O, Dusi PA, Revello R, Usiglio D, Mori M, Reali S, Devoto GL, Santoriello L, Ronca A, Marchese A, Debbia EA. Epidemiological study of pathogens isolated from blood in Liguria during 2011. Microbiol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2012.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Coppo E, Barbieri R, Dusi A, Mori M, Usiglio D, Bottaro LC, Piazzai P, Santoriello L, Ronca A, Marchese A, Debbia EA. Epidemiology of skin and soft tissue pathogens circulating in Liguria in 2011. Microbiol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2012.2318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Coppo E, Barbieri R, Bottaro LC, Illiberi O, Piazzai P, Debbia EA, Marchese A. Local survelance study on etiology of community-and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens. Microbiol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2012.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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24
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Marchese A, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Zoppi S, Pruzzo C, Rossi F, Bergagna S, Dondo A, Debbia E. Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-ResistantEscherichia coliCausing Septicemic Colibacillosis in Calves in Italy: Emergence of a Multiresistant O78 Clonal Group. Microb Drug Resist 2012; 18:94-9. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2011.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchese
- Microbiology Section (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Coppo
- Microbiology Section (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ramona Barbieri
- Microbiology Section (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Zoppi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta (IZS PLVA), Turin, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta (IZS PLVA), Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Bergagna
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta (IZS PLVA), Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dondo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta (IZS PLVA), Turin, Italy
| | - Eugenio Debbia
- Microbiology Section (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Barbieri R, Coppo E, Principi E, Bottaro LC, Piazzai P, Illiberi O, Dusi PA, Revello R, Usiglio D, Mori M, Bona R, Reali S, Devoto GL, Santoriello L, Agostina R, Serra D, Marchese A, Debbia EA. Epidemiological study of pathogens isolated from blood in Liguria (January-April 2010). Microbiol Med 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2011.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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26
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Coppo E, Barbieri R, Piazzai P, Dusi A, Usiglio D, Mori M, Bandettini R, Ronca A, Santoriello L, Serra D, Reali S, Marchese A, Debbia EA. Epidemiology of multi-resistance Gram negative pathogen circulating in Liguria and molecular characterization of different carbapenemases. Microbiol Med 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2011.2375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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27
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Marchese A, Esposito S, Coppo E, Rossi GA, Tozzi A, Romano M, Da Dalt L, Schito GC, Principi N. Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and identification of pneumococcal serotypes by real-time polymerase chain reaction using blood samples from Italian children ≤ 5 years of age with community-acquired pneumonia. Microb Drug Resist 2011; 17:419-24. [PMID: 21510746 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2011.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of severe life-threatening infections. Laboratory identification and serotyping of this pathogens is desirable to monitor vaccine impact and coverage; however, especially in pediatric patients, the yield of traditional microbiological diagnostic procedures can be very low. The aim of this study was to develop real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays to be performed directly on blood samples to identify the most common capsular serotypes causing pneumonia in Italian children (≤ 5 years of ages) after the introduction of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. Our real-time PCR-based assays showed high sensitivity (at least 35 fg of pneumococcal DNA), and they were validated with 49 well-characterized pneumococcal isolates, 8 nonpneumococcal isolates, 13 simulated blood clinical samples loaded with S. pneumoniae of known serotypes, and 46 blood clinical samples. All the strains tested and the simulated blood clinical samples were correctly typed by the technique. Real-time PCR allowed serotyping in 37/46 children ≤ 5 years of age (80.4%) in whom pneumonia was diagnosed in four Italian hospitals. Non-PCV7 serotypes accounted for at least 47.8% (22/46) of cases, serotype 19A being the most common (34.7%, 16/46). Although, it is not known at present whether the incidence of 19A serotype is attributable to the use of PCV7 only, expanding pneumococcal serotype coverage has clearly the potential to prevent a larger number of pneumonias in Italian children less than ≤ 5 years of age. Molecular methods are of increasing importance in the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia and in monitoring serotype distribution and replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchese
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Scienze Chiaurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Sezione di Microbiologia, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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28
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Coppo E, Barbieri R, Marchese A, Debbia EA. In vitro antimicrobial activity of tigecycline against Gram negative and Gram positive pathogens collected in Northen Italy (T.E.S.T. program 2010). Microbiol Med 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2011.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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29
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Maioli E, Coppo E, Barbieri R, Canepa E, Gualco L, Pruzzo C, Debbia EA, Marchese A. In vitro activity of tigecycline against 313 Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates. Microbiol Med 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2010.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD), by ad hoc stomach resection (AHS-BPD) has been accepted as an effective surgical treatment for morbid obesity. METHODS Between 1.1.1992 and 31.7.1996, 59 patients (54 females, five males, mean age 40.3 years, range 23-61 years) underwent AHS-BPD. Mean preoperative body-weight was 121.2 kg (range 94-160), with a mean body mass index of 48.6 (range 35-64). Three of these patients were converted from a previous vertical banded gastroplasty to AHS-BPD (one patient with stomach preservation). After at least 36 months follow-up, seven patients underwent abdominal dermolipectomy (five with associated incisional hernia repair, one with thigh dermolipectomy). RESULTS Mean post-operative hospital stay was 13 days (range 10-30 days). Follow-up is currently in progress in all patients. Excess body weight-loss was 78% in 33 patients with 24 months follow-up, with excellent long-term weight loss maintenance. Protein deficiency was the main specific complication, encountered in two patients (3.4%). Mortality was one patient (1.7%), due to pulmonary embolus. CONCLUSIONS This clinical experience supports the effectiveness and safety of AHS-BPD, despite some criticism. This procedure appears to be suitable for patients with clinically severe obesity who will poorly tolerate food intake restriction but will accept long-term follow-up. Careful preoperative clinical assessment and selection of patients who will be reliable in long-term follow-up are the keys to success with AHS-BPD, both in terms of weight loss and reduction of specific metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nanni
- Division of General Surgery, S. Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy
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Ferrio M, Durelli L, Urgesi A, Cavallo R, Coppo E, Ferrero B, Capaldi G, Bergamini L. Long term follow up after total body irradiation (TBI) for myasthenia gravis (MG). J Neuroimmunol 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(91)91207-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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