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Hanna-Walker V, Busby DM, Moore EWG, Holmes EK. The Association Between Sexual Initiation and Membership in Dyadic Profiles of Perceived Shared Power. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:1091-1105. [PMID: 38277097 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
There is scarce empirical evidence examining whether sexual initiation and power are associated with each other. Utilizing latent profile analyses, we examined in a nationally representative sample of US newlywed heterosexual couples (N = 1,948 couples) whether wives' and husbands' sexual initiation patterns and satisfaction with these patterns were associated with membership in different profiles of wives' and husbands' perceptions of shared relational power while accounting for both partner's satisfaction with sexual frequency. We found four profiles of wives' and husbands' perceptions of power. The most common profile was when both wives and husbands perceived high levels of power compared to other profiles, but wives had significantly higher reports of perceived power than husbands (High Power, Wife Higher; 40.8%). Husbands' sexual initiation patterns were not associated with profile membership. Wives who reported equal sexual initiation patterns had a higher probability of being in the High Power, Wife Higher profile compared to the Wife Low Power, Husband Moderate Power profile. Both wives' and husbands' satisfaction with sexual initiation patterns were associated with profile membership. Wives and husbands that were satisfied with sexual initiation patterns had a higher probability of being in the High Power, Wife Higher profile compared to the profile where both wives and husbands had high perceptions of shared relational power compared to other profiles, but their scores were not significantly different from each other (High Power, Equal).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Hanna-Walker
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Road, U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269-1058, USA.
| | - Dean M Busby
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - E Whitney G Moore
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Erin K Holmes
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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2
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Leavitt CE, Price AA, Smedley D, Eyring JB, Yorgason JB, Holmes EK. The Power of Mindfulness: Examining Power Imbalances, Mindfulness, and Couples' Relational and Sexual Well-Being. J Sex Marital Ther 2023; 50:18-34. [PMID: 37565708 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2023.2243929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Perceptions of power imbalance are common in relationships. We used the relational model of mindfulness to examine links between marital perceptions of power, relational and sexual well-being and to evaluate whether trait mindfulness and sexual mindfulness moderate these associations. Using a nationally representative sample (N = 1,519 couples at Wave III) of mixed-sex newlywed couples, an actor-partner-interdependence model indicated that trait mindfulness and state sexually mindful awareness buffered the link between men's and women's own perceived power imbalance and relational well-being. Sexually mindful non-judgment, however, accentuated the negative association between perceived power imbalance and sexual well-being for men. We discuss the need for therapists to consider the need to encourage mindful awareness to attenuate perceptions of power imbalances and to evaluate how sexually mindful non-judgment influences men's feelings of sexual well-being. Therapeutic implications of these findings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelom E Leavitt
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Amber A Price
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Daniel Smedley
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - J B Eyring
- Spencer Fox School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jeremy B Yorgason
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Erin K Holmes
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Li X, Wheeler BE, James SL, LeBaron-Black AB, Holmes EK, Yorgason JB. For richer, for poorer: Financial behaviors, power (im)balance, and relational aggression among different-gender newlyweds in the U.S. Fam Process 2023. [PMID: 37055040 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Guided by an intersectional feminism framework, we used three-wave, dyadic survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1625 U.S. different-gender newlywed couples to test three research questions. First, as balanced power is considered a key concept for relational well-being in feminism, we examined developmental trajectories in husbands' and wives' perception of power (im)balance. Second, considering money as a major influence on power and aggression, we examined how financial behaviors relate to power (im)balance and in turn relational aggression-a type of intimate partner violence that is controlling and manipulative in nature. Third, informed by the intersectionality between gender and socioeconomic status (SES), we examined gender differences and SES disparities in the associations among financial behaviors, developmental trajectories of perception of power (im)balance, and relational aggression. Our findings demonstrate that newlywed different-gender couples are experiencing power struggles, where two partners diminish each other's influence over time. We also found that healthy financial behaviors are associated with balanced power and, in turn, less relational aggression (especially for wives and in lower-SES households). Taken collectively, we continue calling for efforts to facilitate money management skills and promote balanced marital power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Brandan E Wheeler
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Normal, Alabama, USA
| | - Spencer L James
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | | | - Erin K Holmes
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Price AA, McCann KGY, Kunzler L, Leavitt CE, Holmes EK. Body Image and Sex: A Dyadic Examination of Body Esteem and Sexual Inhibition, Obsession, and Harmony. J Sex Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36624975 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2164243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
How each individual within a relationship views their body may play a role in how they experience their sexual interactions. Previous research found associations between body image and sexual well-being at an individual level, but very little research has examined a dyadic association between body image and sexual and relational well-being. Using a nationally representative sample of 2,177 newlywed couples, this study used an Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM) to estimate actor and partner associations between body esteem and relationship satisfaction, using sexual styles - inhibited, obsessed, or harmonious - as potential mediators. Findings showed both actor and partner effects. Body esteem was positively associated with own and partner's sexual harmony. Both men's and women's body esteem were negatively associated with women's sexual inhibition. A positive association between body esteem and own relationship satisfaction remained even when accounting for sexual mediators. Additional findings are discussed. These findings indicate that an individual's comfort with the body may be associated with sexual and relational well-being for both partners.
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Saxey MT, Li X, Wikle JS, Hill EJ, LeBaron-Black AB, James SL, Brown-Hamlett JL, Holmes EK, Yorgason JB. Latent profiles of sleep quality, financial management behaviors, and sexual satisfaction in emerging adult newlywed couples and longitudinal connections with marital satisfaction. Front Psychol 2022; 13:883352. [PMID: 35992422 PMCID: PMC9387670 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.883352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging adult newlywed couples often experience many demands on their time, and three common problems may surface as couples try to balance these demands—problems related to finances, sleep, and sex. We used two waves of dyadic data from 1,001 emerging adult newlywed couples to identify four dyadic latent profiles from husbands’ and wives’ financial management behaviors, sexual satisfaction, and sleep quality: Flounderers, Financially Challenged Lovers, Drowsy Budgeters, and Flourishers. We then examined how husbands’ and wives’ marital satisfaction, in relation to profile membership, varied at a later wave. We found that Financially Challenged Lovers and Flourishers had significantly higher marital satisfaction than Drowsy Budgeters and Flounderers (mostly medium effect sizes). Whereas, Financially Challenged Lovers and Flourishers did not differ in terms of marital satisfaction, Drowsy Budgeters seemed to have slightly higher marital satisfaction than Flounderers for wives only (small effect size). However, we did not find evidence that these connections meaningfully differed by sex. Implications for the efforts of clinicians and educators are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Saxey
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Matthew T. Saxey,
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jocelyn S. Wikle
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - E. Jeffrey Hill
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | | | - Spencer L. James
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | | | - Erin K. Holmes
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Jeremy B. Yorgason
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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Allsop DB, Leavitt CE, Yorgason JB, Holmes EK. Variable Sexual Satisfaction in Pregnancy: A Latent Profile Analysis of Pregnant Wives and Their Husbands. J Sex Res 2022; 59:173-184. [PMID: 34520286 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.1970708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although not all couples achieve high levels of sexual satisfaction during pregnancy, evidence of variability in couple sexual satisfaction during pregnancy indicates that sexual dissatisfaction in pregnancy does not apply to all. Subsequently, the current study examined whether a nationally representative U.S. sample of wives and husbands (N = 523 couples) fell into subgroups in terms of their sexual satisfaction during pregnancy and to what degree biopsychosocial factors distinguish potential subgroups. Latent profile analyses, adjusted for pregnancy-related biological factors, indicated that couples could be classified into two subsets - a larger subset of couples where wives and husbands were satisfied with sex overall (79%) and a smaller subset where wives and husbands were neutral about satisfaction with sex (21%). Lower depressive symptoms among wives was associated with a greater likelihood of being in the more satisfied subset over the less satisfied subset - the only significant group membership predictor among a variety of other factors. Implications include notions that couples and practitioners should consider women's depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy in addition to the perinatal period, and that most U.S. newly married pregnant couples do well navigating sexual satisfaction challenges during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Allsop
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University
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Leavitt CE, Maurer TF, Clyde TL, Clarke RW, Busby DM, Yorgason JB, Holmes EK, James S. Linking Sexual Mindfulness to Mixed-Sex Couples' Relational Flourishing, Sexual Harmony, and Orgasm. Arch Sex Behav 2021; 50:2589-2602. [PMID: 34405307 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Marriage is an important adult relationship, and recent research indicates that sexual mindfulness, awareness and non-judgment, may be an important tool in helping maintain relational and sexual well-being. Using a nationally representative U.S. sample of newly married, mixed-sex couples (women's age M = 29.70 years; men's age M = 31.76 years; N = 1473 couples), we evaluated whether the two factors of sexual mindfulness, awareness and non-judgment, were linked with relational flourishing, sexual harmony, and orgasm consistency. We utilized an actor-partner interdependence model within a structural equation modeling framework to evaluate how husbands' and wives' awareness and non-judgment were associated with relational flourishing, sexual harmony, and orgasm consistency. Results indicated that both wives' and husbands' awareness was positively associated with relational flourishing, sexual harmony, and orgasm consistency. Partner effects were found for all outcomes. However, no partner effects were found between non-judgment and orgasm consistency. Therapists, educators, and couples may consider the use of sexual mindfulness skills when addressing marriage and sexual relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelom E Leavitt
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Tawniele F Maurer
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Tiffany L Clyde
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Rebecca W Clarke
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Dean M Busby
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jeremy B Yorgason
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Erin K Holmes
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Spencer James
- The School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2054 JFSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
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LeBaron AB, Holmes EK, Yorgason JB, Hill EJ, Allsop DB. Feminism and Couple Finance: Power as a Mediator Between Financial Processes and Relationship Outcomes. Sex Roles 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-018-0986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Leonhardt ND, Willoughby BJ, Busby DM, Yorgason JB, Holmes EK. The Significance of the Female Orgasm: A Nationally Representative, Dyadic Study of Newlyweds' Orgasm Experience. J Sex Med 2018; 15:1140-1148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nielson MG, Padilla-Walker L, Holmes EK. Corrigendum to "How do men and women help? Validation of a multidimensional measure of prosocial behavior" [Journal of Adolescence 56 (2017) 91-106]. J Adolesc 2017; 59:96. [PMID: 28599131 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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McDaniel BT, Coyne SM, Holmes EK. New Mothers and Media Use: Associations Between Blogging, Social Networking, and Maternal Well-Being. Matern Child Health J 2011; 16:1509-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-011-0918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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White JM, Brotherson SE, Galovan AM, Holmes EK, Kampmann JA. The Dakota Father Friendly Assessment: Measuring Father Friendliness in Head Start and Similar Settings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3149/fth.0901.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Holmes EK, Huston AC. Understanding Positive Father-Child Interaction: Children's, Fathers', and Mothers' Contributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3149/fth.1802.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hill EJ, Erickson JJ, Holmes EK, Ferris M. Workplace flexibility, work hours, and work-life conflict: finding an extra day or two. J Fam Psychol 2010; 24:349-58. [PMID: 20545408 DOI: 10.1037/a0019282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the influence of workplace flexibility on work-life conflict for a global sample of workers from four groups of countries. Data are from the 2007 International Business Machines Global Work and Life Issues Survey administered in 75 countries (N = 24,436). We specifically examine flexibility in where (work-at-home) and when (perceived schedule flexibility) workers engage in work-related tasks. Multivariate results indicate that work-at-home and perceived schedule flexibility are generally related to less work-life conflict. Break point analyses of sub-groups reveal that employees with workplace flexibility are able to work longer hours (often equivalent to one or two 8-hr days more per week) before reporting work-life conflict. The benefit of work-at-home is increased when combined with schedule flexibility. These findings were generally consistent across all four groups of countries, supporting the case that workplace flexibility is beneficial both to individuals (in the form of reduced work-life conflict) and to businesses (in the form of capacity for longer work hours). However, work-at-home appears less beneficial in countries with collectivist cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jeffrey Hill
- School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, 2052 JFSB, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Johnson WB, Lall R, Holmes EK, Huwe JM, Nordlund MD. Mentoring experiences among Navy midshipmen. Mil Med 2001; 166:27-31. [PMID: 11197092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggests that mentor relationships are facilitative of career success, career satisfaction, and retention in organizations. Yet, little research has been done to explore the prevalence or function of mentor relationships in military populations. In this study, preliminary data were collected regarding the prevalence of mentor relationship experiences among 576 third year midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy. Only 40% of respondents had ever experienced a mentor relationship. Most mentors were senior military personnel, and 87% were male. Most relationships were mutually initiated, and they tended to last for several years. Although both career and psychosocial mentor functions were present in these relationships, psychosocial functions were most notable and most highly correlated with positive appraisals of mentor relationships. Midshipmen viewed mentoring as extremely important and rated their own mentor relationships as extremely positive. Implications for further research on mentoring are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Johnson
- Department of Leadership, Ethics, and Law, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA
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Johnson WB, Lall R, Holmes EK, Brinkmyer KR, Johnson WB, Yatko BR. Personality characteristics of future military leaders. Mil Med 1999; 164:906-10. [PMID: 10628167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Relatively little is known about the personality characteristics of military personnel, particularly those who are most successful in military careers. This study evaluated the personality characteristics of 530 third-year midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy. Participants completed the Hogan Personality Inventory and a demographic questionnaire. Class ranking data were also obtained as an indicator of success at the Naval Academy. The results indicated that compared with national norms, midshipmen scored somewhat higher on scales of ambition, sociability, intellectance, and school success and lower on scales of adjustment, likability, and prudence. Ambition, prudence, intellectance, and school success were each significantly positively correlated with class standing. The implications of these findings for understanding personality correlates of success in military leadership are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Johnson
- Department of Leadership, Ethics, and Law, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA
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Abstract
Risk factors for suicide among active-duty members of the United States Marine Corps were investigated. Three groups were suicide attempters (n = 172), completers (n = 22), and a nonpsychiatric comparison group (n = 384). A series of multiple regression and discriminant analyses were conducted to assess whether any of 137 selected risk-factors differentiated the suicidal group from the comparison group. The following factors differentiated suicide attempters and completers from the comparison group and were associated with increased suicide risk: History of Abuse, Neglect, or Rejection, Lower Performance Evaluation, Symptoms of Depression, No History of Gambling Behavior, Younger Age, History of Alcohol Abuse, and Hopelessness. A discriminant analysis using these seven variables resulted in a 77% accuracy rate. When evaluating variables that could be obtained by a review of military records alone, three variables differentiated the attempters and completers from the comparison group, Lower Performance Evaluation, Younger Age, and a History of Military or Legal Problems. These variables correctly classified 73% of the sample. Implications for suicide-risk assessment for individuals in the Marine Corps are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Holmes
- Leadership, Ethics & Law Department, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA.
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