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Jiwuba L, Danquah A, Asante I, Blay E, Onyeka J, Danquah E, Egesi C. Genotype by Environment Interaction on Resistance to Cassava Green Mite Associated Traits and Effects on Yield Performance of Cassava Genotypes in Nigeria. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:572200. [PMID: 33013995 PMCID: PMC7498573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.572200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cassava is the main source of carbohydrate for over 70% of the people in Nigeria, the world's largest producer and consumer of the crop. The yields of cassava are, however, relatively low in Nigeria largely due to pests and disease infections that significantly lead to inconsistencies in productivity of cassava genotypes in various environments. Fifty-eight F1 hybrid cassava genotypes plus their two parents which served as check varieties were evaluated in three locations for two years (that is six environments). The objectives of the study were to evaluate genotype by environment interactions (GEI) on resistance to cassava green mite [CGM, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)] associated traits and effects on yield performance of cassava genotypes in Nigeria and to identify superior genotypes that exhibit high stability which combine CGM resistance and high fresh root yield with general and specific environmental adaptation using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype stability index (GSI). The combined analysis of variance based on AMMI revealed significant genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions (GEI) for all traits. The percentage variation due to environment was higher than the percentage variation due to genotype for cassava green mite severity (CGMS), leaf retention (LR), root dry matter content (RDMC), and fresh root yield (FRY) indicating that environment greatly influenced the expression of these traits. The percentage variation due to GEI accounted for higher percentage variation than that of genotype and environment separately for all traits, indicating the influence of genotype by environment interaction on expression of the traits. These findings reveal that screening/evaluating for these traits needs multi-environment trials. According to GSI ranking, genotypes G31 (IBA131794), G19 (IBA131762), the check variety G52 (TMEB778), and G11 (IBA131748) were identified as the most stable and most resistant to CGM which also combine high FRY and other useful agronomic traits, implying that these traits in cassava can even be incorporated as preferred by farmers. These genotypes can be tested in more environments to determine their adaptability and potential recommendation for release to farmers for growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Jiwuba
- Biotechnology Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, NRCRI, Umudike, Nigeria
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Agyemang Danquah
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Isaac Asante
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Essie Blay
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Onyeka
- Biotechnology Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, NRCRI, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Eric Danquah
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Chiedozie Egesi
- Biotechnology Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, NRCRI, Umudike, Nigeria
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Cassava Breeding Unit, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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Dadzie M, Oppong A, Ofori K, Eleblu J, Ifie E, Blay E, Obeng –Bio E, Appiah-Kubi Z, Warburton M. Distribution of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin accumulation in stored maize grains across three agro-ecologies in Ghana. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Akakpo DB, Amissah N, Yeboah J, Blay E. Effect of Indole 3-Butyric Acid and Media Type on Adventitious Root Formation in Sheanut Tree (<i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i> C. F. Gaertn.) Stem Cuttings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.53043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Amissah N, Akakpo B, Yeboah J, Blay E. Asexual Propagation of Sheanut Tree (<i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i> C.F. Gaertn.) Using a Container Layering Technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.49216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Blay E, Oakes JV. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Solanum gilo Raddi as influenced by explant type. Plant Cell Rep 1996; 15:582-585. [PMID: 24178522 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/1995] [Revised: 09/25/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An efficient system for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Solanum gilo was established. The marker genes for kanamycin resistance and ß-glucuronidase expression were introduced. A comparison between cotyledon and hypocotyl explants showed that while regeneration was better from hypocotyl explants, cotyledon explants gave better transformation efficiency (46% vs. 32%). Four levels of kanamycin selection (100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/l) were tested for effect on transformation efficiency with each type of explant. Lower levels of kanamycin worked better using cotyledon explants, while higher levels of kanamycin worked better for hypocotyl explants. All nine t0 plants tested for expression of the kan (r) gene were positive. The progeny of three of these plants showed a pattern of classical Mendelian inheritance (3 to 1) for both the kan (r) and the ß-glucuronidase genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blay
- Crop Science Dept., University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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