1
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Elbatsh AMO, Amin-Mansour A, Haberkorn A, Textor C, Ebel N, Renard E, Koch LM, Groenveld FC, Piquet M, Naumann U, Ruddy DA, Romanet V, Martínez Gómez JM, Shirley MD, Wipfli P, Schnell C, Wartmann M, Rausch M, Jager MJ, Levesque MP, Maira SM, Manchado E. INPP5A phosphatase is a synthetic lethal target in GNAQ and GNA11-mutant melanomas. Nat Cancer 2024; 5:481-499. [PMID: 38233483 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Activating mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 occur in over 90% of uveal melanomas (UMs), the most lethal melanoma subtype; however, targeting these oncogenes has proven challenging and inhibiting their downstream effectors show limited clinical efficacy. Here, we performed genome-scale CRISPR screens along with computational analyses of cancer dependency and gene expression datasets to identify the inositol-metabolizing phosphatase INPP5A as a selective dependency in GNAQ/11-mutant UM cells in vitro and in vivo. Mutant cells intrinsically produce high levels of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3) that accumulate upon suppression of INPP5A, resulting in hyperactivation of IP3-receptor signaling, increased cytosolic calcium and p53-dependent apoptosis. Finally, we show that GNAQ/11-mutant UM cells and patients' tumors exhibit elevated levels of IP4, a biomarker of enhanced IP3 production; these high levels are abolished by GNAQ/11 inhibition and correlate with sensitivity to INPP5A depletion. Our findings uncover INPP5A as a synthetic lethal vulnerability and a potential therapeutic target for GNAQ/11-mutant-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M O Elbatsh
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ali Amin-Mansour
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne Haberkorn
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Textor
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ebel
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Renard
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lisa M Koch
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Femke C Groenveld
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Piquet
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David A Ruddy
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincent Romanet
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia M Martínez Gómez
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Shirley
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Wipfli
- PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schnell
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Rausch
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martine J Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Eusebio Manchado
- Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
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2
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Li Z, Zhuang X, Pan CH, Yan Y, Thummalapalli R, Hallin J, Torborg S, Singhal A, Chang JC, Manchado E, Dow LE, Yaeger R, Christensen JG, Lowe SW, Rudin CM, Joost S, Tammela T. Alveolar Differentiation Drives Resistance to KRAS Inhibition in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:308-325. [PMID: 37931288 PMCID: PMC10922405 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), commonly driven by KRAS mutations, is responsible for 7% of all cancer mortality. The first allele-specific KRAS inhibitors were recently approved in LUAD, but the clinical benefit is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. LUAD predominantly arises from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which function as facultative alveolar stem cells by self-renewing and replacing alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells. Using genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts, and patient samples, we found inhibition of KRAS promotes transition to a quiescent AT1-like cancer cell state in LUAD tumors. Similarly, suppressing Kras induced AT1 differentiation of wild-type AT2 cells upon lung injury. The AT1-like LUAD cells exhibited high growth and differentiation potential upon treatment cessation, whereas ablation of the AT1-like cells robustly improved treatment response to KRAS inhibitors. Our results uncover an unexpected role for KRAS in promoting intratumoral heterogeneity and suggest that targeting alveolar differentiation may augment KRAS-targeted therapies in LUAD. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment resistance limits response to KRAS inhibitors in LUAD patients. We find LUAD residual disease following KRAS targeting is composed of AT1-like cancer cells with the capacity to reignite tumorigenesis. Targeting the AT1-like cells augments responses to KRAS inhibition, elucidating a therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance to KRAS-targeted therapy. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxuan Li
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Xueqian Zhuang
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Chun-Hao Pan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- College of Biomedicine and Health and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Rohit Thummalapalli
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jill Hallin
- Mirati Therapeutics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Stefan Torborg
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Anupriya Singhal
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jason C. Chang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AD, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas E. Dow
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Science, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | | - Scott W. Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Simon Joost
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Tuomas Tammela
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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3
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Li Z, Zhuang X, Pan CH, Yan Y, Thummalapalli R, Hallin J, Torborg S, Singhal A, Chang JC, Manchado E, Dow LE, Yaeger R, Christensen JG, Lowe SW, Rudin CM, Joost S, Tammela T. Alveolar differentiation drives resistance to KRAS inhibition in lung adenocarcinoma. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.29.560194. [PMID: 37808711 PMCID: PMC10557782 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.29.560194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), commonly driven by KRAS mutations, is responsible for 7% of all cancer mortality. The first allele-specific KRAS inhibitors were recently approved in LUAD, but clinical benefit is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. LUAD predominantly arises from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which function as facultative alveolar stem cells by self-renewing and replacing alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells. Using genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts, and patient samples we found inhibition of KRAS promotes transition to a quiescent AT1-like cancer cell state in LUAD tumors. Similarly, suppressing Kras induced AT1 differentiation of wild-type AT2 cells upon lung injury. The AT1-like LUAD cells exhibited high growth and differentiation potential upon treatment cessation, whereas ablation of the AT1-like cells robustly improved treatment response to KRAS inhibitors. Our results uncover an unexpected role for KRAS in promoting intra-tumoral heterogeneity and suggest targeting alveolar differentiation may augment KRAS-targeted therapies in LUAD. Significance Treatment resistance limits response to KRAS inhibitors in LUAD patients. We find LUAD residual disease following KRAS targeting is composed of AT1-like cancer cells with the capacity to reignite tumorigenesis. Targeting the AT1-like cells augments responses to KRAS inhibition, elucidating a therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance to KRAS-targeted therapy.
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4
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Jones M, Grosche P, Floersheimer A, André J, Gattlen R, Oser D, Tinchant J, Wille R, Chie-Leon B, Gerspacher M, Ertl P, Ostermann N, Altmann E, Manchado E, Vorherr T, Chène P. Design and Biochemical Characterization of Peptidic Inhibitors of the Myb/p300 Interaction. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1321-1329. [PMID: 36883372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The Myb transcription factor is involved in the proliferation of hematopoietic cells, and deregulation of its expression can lead to cancers such as leukemia. Myb interacts with various proteins, including the histone acetyltransferases p300 and CBP. Myb binds to a small domain of p300, the KIX domain (p300KIX), and inhibiting this interaction is a potential new drug discovery strategy in oncology. The available structures show that Myb binds to a very shallow pocket of the KIX domain, indicating that it might be challenging to identify inhibitors of this interaction. Here, we report the design of Myb-derived peptides which interact with p300KIX. We show that by mutating only two Myb residues that bind in or near a hotspot at the surface of p300KIX, it is possible to obtain single-digit nanomolar peptidic inhibitors of the Myb/p300KIX interaction that bind 400-fold tighter to p300KIX than wildtype Myb. These findings suggest that it might also be possible to design potent low molecular-weight compounds to disrupt the Myb/p300KIX interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Jones
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Grosche
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Floersheimer
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Jérome André
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Gattlen
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Oser
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Tinchant
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Roman Wille
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Chie-Leon
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Marc Gerspacher
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Peter Ertl
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Nils Ostermann
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Eva Altmann
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Vorherr
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Chène
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
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5
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Arbour KC, Manchado E, Bott MJ, Ahn L, Tobi Y, Ni AA, Yu HA, Shannon A, Ladanyi M, Perron V, Ginsberg MS, Johnson A, Holodny A, Kris MG, Rudin CM, Lito P, Rosen N, Lowe S, Riely GJ. Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Trametinib and Ponatinib in Patients With NSCLC Harboring KRAS Mutations. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100256. [PMID: 34984405 PMCID: PMC8693267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2021.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Somatic KRAS mutations occur in 25% of patients with NSCLC. Treatment with MEK inhibitor monotherapy has not been successful in clinical trials to date. Compensatory activation of FGFR1 was identified as a mechanism of trametinib resistance in KRAS-mutant NSCLC, and combination therapy with trametinib and ponatinib was synergistic in in vitro and in vivo models. This study sought to evaluate this drug combination in patients with KRAS-mutant NSCLC. Methods A phase 1 dose escalation study of trametinib and ponatinib was conducted in patients with advanced NSCLC with KRAS mutations. A standard 3-plus-3 dose escalation was done. Patients were treated with the study therapy until intolerable toxicity or disease progression. Results A total of 12 patients with KRAS-mutant NSCLC were treated (seven at trametinib 2 mg and ponatinib 15 mg, five at trametinib 2 mg and ponatinib 30 mg). Common toxicities observed were rash, diarrhea, and fever. Serious adverse events potentially related to therapy were reported in five patients, including one death in the study and four cardiovascular events. Serious events were observed at both dose levels. Of note, 75% (9 of 12) were assessable for radiographic response and no confirmed partial responses were observed. The median time on study was 43 days. Conclusions In this phase 1 study, in patients with KRAS-mutant advanced NSCLC, combined treatment with trametinib and ponatinib was associated with cardiovascular and bleeding toxicities. Exploring the combination of MEK and FGFR1 inhibition in future studies is potentially warranted but alternative agents should be considered to improve safety and tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C. Arbour
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Corresponding author. Address for correspondence: Kathryn C. Arbour, MD, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 540 East 74th Street, New York, NY 10021.
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthew J. Bott
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Linda Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yosef Tobi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andy Ai Ni
- Department of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Helena A. Yu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alyssa Shannon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Victoria Perron
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michelle S. Ginsberg
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Amanda Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrei Holodny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark G. Kris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Piro Lito
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Gregory J. Riely
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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6
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Pistorius D, Buntin K, Weber E, Richard E, Bouquet C, Wollbrett S, Regenass H, Peón V, Böhm M, Kessler R, Gempeler T, Haberkorn A, Wimmer L, Lanshoeft C, Davis J, Hainzl D, D'Alessio JA, Manchado E, Petersen F. Promoter-Driven Overexpression in Chromobacterium vaccinii Facilitates Access to FR900359 and Yields Novel Low Abundance Analogs. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103888. [PMID: 34878202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Access to the cyclic depsipeptide FR900359 (FR), a selective Gq/11 protein inhibitor of high pharmacological interest and a potential lead molecule for targeted therapy of cancers with oncogenic GNAQ or GNA11 mutations (encoding Gq and G11 respectively), has been challenging ever since its initial discovery more than three decades ago. The recent discovery of Chromobacterium vaccinii as a cultivable FR producer enables the development of approaches leading to a high-yielding, scalable and sustainable biotechnological process for production of FR, thereby removing this bottleneck. Here we characterize different promoters in exchange of the native promoter of the FR assembly line, resulting in an overexpression mutant with significantly increased production of FR. Thereby, the isolation and structure elucidation of novel FR analogs of low abundance is enabled. Further, we explore the antiproliferative activities of fifteen chromodepsins against uveal melanoma cell lines harboring Gq/11 mutations and characterize the major metabolite of FR formed in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Pistorius
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Buntin
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Weber
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Richard
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Bouquet
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Séverine Wollbrett
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Regenass
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Victor Peón
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Böhm
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Régis Kessler
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Gempeler
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Haberkorn
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurin Wimmer
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Technical Research & Development, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lanshoeft
- Pharmakokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Davis
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Dominik Hainzl
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joseph Anthony D'Alessio
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Petersen
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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7
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Lu H, Liu C, Velazquez R, Wang H, Dunkl LM, Kazic-Legueux M, Haberkorn A, Billy E, Manchado E, Brachmann SM, Moody S, Engelman JA, Hammerman PS, Caponigro G, Mohseni M, Hao HX. Abstract A44: SHP2 inhibition overcomes RTK-mediated pathway reactivation in KRAS-mutant tumors treated with MEK inhibitors. Mol Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.ras18-a44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
FGFR1 was recently shown to be activated as part of a compensatory response to prolonged treatment with MEK inhibitor trametinib in several KRAS-mutant lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines. We hypothesize that other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are also feedback activated in this context. Herein, we profile a large panel of KRAS-mutant cancer cell lines for the contribution of RTKs to the feedback activation of phospho-MEK following MEK inhibition, using a SHP2 inhibitor (SHP099) that blocks RAS activation mediated by multiple RTKs. We find that RTK-driven feedback activation widely exists in KRAS mutant cancer cells and involves several RTKs including EGFR, FGFR, and MET. We further demonstrate this pathway feedback activation is mediated through mutant KRAS. Finally, SHP099 and MEK inhibitors exhibit combination benefits inhibiting KRAS mutant cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide a rationale for exploration of combining SHP2 and MAPK pathway inhibitors for treating KRAS-mutant cancers in the clinic.
Citation Format: Hengyu Lu, Chen Liu, Roberto Velazquez, Hongyun Wang, Lukas M. Dunkl, Malika Kazic-Legueux, Anne Haberkorn, Eric Billy, Eusebio Manchado, Saskia M. Brachmann, Susan Moody, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Peter S. Hammerman, Giordano Caponigro, Morvarid Mohseni, Huai-Xiang Hao. SHP2 inhibition overcomes RTK-mediated pathway reactivation in KRAS-mutant tumors treated with MEK inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting RAS-Driven Cancers; 2018 Dec 9-12; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(5_Suppl):Abstract nr A44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | - Chen Liu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Hongyun Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lukas M. Dunkl
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Anne Haberkorn
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | - Eric Billy
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | - Susan Moody
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Huai-Xiang Hao
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
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8
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Lu H, Liu C, Velazquez R, Wang H, Dunkl LM, Kazic-Legueux M, Haberkorn A, Billy E, Manchado E, Brachmann SM, Moody S, Engelman JA, Hammerman PS, Caponigro G, Mohseni M, Hao H. Abstract 954: SHP2 inhibition overcomes RTK-mediated pathway reactivation in KRAS mutant tumors treated with MEK inhibitors. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: FGFR1 was recently shown to be activated as part of a compensatory response to prolonged treatment with MEK inhibitor (MEKi) such as trametinib in several KRAS mutant lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines. We hypothesize that other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are also feedback activated in KRAS mutant cell lines after MEKi treatment.
Experimental procedures: We profiled a large panel (n>32) of KRAS mutant cancer cell lines for the contribution of RTKs to the feedback activation of phospho-MEK following MEK inhibition, using a SHP2 inhibitor (SHP099) that blocks RAS activation mediated by multiple RTKs. We then performed in vitro and in vivo combination efficacy studies and pathway analysis in various KRAS mutant cancer models.
Results: We find that RTK-driven feedback activation widely exists in KRAS mutant cancer cells and involves several RTKs including EGFR, FGFR, and MET. We further demonstrate that this pathway feedback activation is mediated through mutant KRAS in KRAS G12C or G12D models. Finally, SHP099 and MEK inhibitors exhibit combination benefits inhibiting MAPK pathway and KRAS mutant cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MAPK inhibition in KRAS mutant cancer provokes feedback re-activation of the pathway that often involves RTK activity and SHP2 inhibition may enhance the efficacy of MEKi in KRAS mutant tumors. These findings provide a rationale for exploration of combining SHP2 and MAPK pathway inhibitors for treating KRAS mutant cancers in the clinic.
Citation Format: Hengyu Lu, Chen Liu, Roberto Velazquez, Hongyun Wang, Lukas M. Dunkl, Malika Kazic-Legueux, Anne Haberkorn, Eric Billy, Eusebio Manchado, Saskia M. Brachmann, Susan Moody, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Peter S. Hammerman, Giordano Caponigro, Morvarid Mohseni, Huaixiang Hao. SHP2 inhibition overcomes RTK-mediated pathway reactivation in KRAS mutant tumors treated with MEK inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 954.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Lu
- 1Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | - Chen Liu
- 1Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Hongyun Wang
- 1Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lukas M. Dunkl
- 2Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Anne Haberkorn
- 2Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Billy
- 2Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- 2Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Susan Moody
- 1Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Huaixiang Hao
- 1Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA
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9
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Lu H, Liu C, Velazquez R, Wang H, Dunkl LM, Kazic-Legueux M, Haberkorn A, Billy E, Manchado E, Brachmann SM, Moody SE, Engelman JA, Hammerman PS, Caponigro G, Mohseni M, Hao HX. SHP2 Inhibition Overcomes RTK-Mediated Pathway Reactivation in KRAS-Mutant Tumors Treated with MEK Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1323-1334. [PMID: 31068384 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
FGFR1 was recently shown to be activated as part of a compensatory response to prolonged treatment with the MEK inhibitor trametinib in several KRAS-mutant lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines. We hypothesize that other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are also feedback-activated in this context. Herein, we profile a large panel of KRAS-mutant cancer cell lines for the contribution of RTKs to the feedback activation of phospho-MEK following MEK inhibition, using an SHP2 inhibitor (SHP099) that blocks RAS activation mediated by multiple RTKs. We find that RTK-driven feedback activation widely exists in KRAS-mutant cancer cells, to a less extent in those harboring the G13D variant, and involves several RTKs, including EGFR, FGFR, and MET. We further demonstrate that this pathway feedback activation is mediated through mutant KRAS, at least for the G12C, G12D, and G12V variants, and wild-type KRAS can also contribute significantly to the feedback activation. Finally, SHP099 and MEK inhibitors exhibit combination benefits inhibiting KRAS-mutant cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo These findings provide a rationale for exploration of combining SHP2 and MAPK pathway inhibitors for treating KRAS-mutant cancers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Chen Liu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Roberto Velazquez
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Lukas Manuel Dunkl
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Malika Kazic-Legueux
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Haberkorn
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Billy
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saskia M Brachmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan E Moody
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey A Engelman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Peter S Hammerman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Giordano Caponigro
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Morvarid Mohseni
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Huai-Xiang Hao
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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10
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Ruscetti M, Leibold J, Bott MJ, Fennell M, Kulick A, Salgado NR, Chen CC, Ho YJ, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Feucht J, Baslan T, Tian S, Chen HA, Romesser PB, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, de Stanchina E, Manchado E, Sherr CJ, Lowe SW. NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity contributes to tumor control by a cytostatic drug combination. Science 2019; 362:1416-1422. [PMID: 30573629 DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly targeted therapies aim to obstruct cell autonomous programs required for tumor growth. We show that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors act in combination to suppress the proliferation of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells while simultaneously provoking a natural killer (NK) cell surveillance program leading to tumor cell death. The drug combination, but neither agent alone, promotes retinoblastoma (RB) protein-mediated cellular senescence and activation of the immunomodulatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP components tumor necrosis factor-α and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are required for NK cell surveillance of drug-treated tumor cells, which contributes to tumor regressions and prolonged survival in a KRAS-mutant lung cancer mouse model. Therefore, molecularly targeted agents capable of inducing senescence can produce tumor control through non-cell autonomous mechanisms involving NK cell surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ruscetti
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Josef Leibold
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matthew J Bott
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Myles Fennell
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amanda Kulick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nelson R Salgado
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chi-Chao Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Francisco J Sanchez-Rivera
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Judith Feucht
- Center for Cell Engineering and Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Timour Baslan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sha Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hsuan-An Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul B Romesser
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles J Sherr
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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11
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Álvarez-Fernández M, Sanz-Flores M, Sanz-Castillo B, Salazar-Roa M, Partida D, Zapatero-Solana E, Ali HR, Manchado E, Lowe S, VanArsdale T, Shields D, Caldas C, Quintela-Fandino M, Malumbres M. Therapeutic relevance of the PP2A-B55 inhibitory kinase MASTL/Greatwall in breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:828-840. [PMID: 29229993 PMCID: PMC5943447 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PP2A is a major tumor suppressor whose inactivation is frequently found in a wide spectrum of human tumors. In particular, deletion or epigenetic silencing of genes encoding the B55 family of PP2A regulatory subunits is a common feature of breast cancer cells. A key player in the regulation of PP2A/B55 phosphatase complexes is the cell cycle kinase MASTL (also known as Greatwall). During cell division, inhibition of PP2A-B55 by MASTL is required to maintain the mitotic state, whereas inactivation of MASTL and PP2A reactivation is required for mitotic exit. Despite its critical role in cell cycle progression in multiple organisms, its relevance as a therapeutic target in human cancer and its dependence of PP2A activity is mostly unknown. Here we show that MASTL overexpression predicts poor survival and shows prognostic value in breast cancer patients. MASTL knockdown or knockout using RNA interference or CRISPR/Cas9 systems impairs proliferation of a subset of breast cancer cells. The proliferative function of MASTL in these tumor cells requires its kinase activity and the presence of PP2A-B55 complexes. By using a new inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system in breast cancer cells, we show that genetic ablation of MASTL displays a significant therapeutic effect in vivo. All together, these data suggest that the PP2A inhibitory kinase MASTL may have both prognostic and therapeutic value in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Sanz-Flores
- Cell Division and Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Sanz-Castillo
- Cell Division and Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Salazar-Roa
- Cell Division and Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Partida
- Cell Division and Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - H Raza Ali
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Scott Lowe
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Todd VanArsdale
- Oncology R&D Group, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., New York, USA
| | - David Shields
- Oncology R&D Group, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., New York, USA
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marcos Malumbres
- Cell Division and Cancer group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
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12
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O’Rourke KP, Loizou E, Livshits G, Schatoff EM, Baslan T, Manchado E, Simon J, Romesser P, Leach B, Han T, Pauli C, Beltran H, Rubin MA, Dow LE, Lowe SW. Transplantation of engineered organoids enables rapid generation of metastatic mouse models of colorectal cancer. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:577-582. [PMID: 28459450 PMCID: PMC5462850 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death in the developed world, yet facile preclinical models that mimic the natural stages of CRC progression are lacking. Through the orthotopic engraftment of colon organoids we describe a broadly usable immunocompetent CRC model that recapitulates the entire adenoma-adenocarcinoma-metastasis axis in vivo. The engraftment procedure takes less than 5 minutes, shows efficient tumor engraftment in two-thirds of mice, and can be achieved using organoids derived from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), wild-type organoids engineered ex vivo, or from patient-derived human CRC organoids. In this model, we describe the genotype and time-dependent progression of CRCs from adenocarcinoma (6 weeks), to local disseminated disease (11-12 weeks), and spontaneous metastasis (>20 weeks). Further, we use the system to show that loss of dysregulated Wnt signaling is critical for the progression of disseminated CRCs. Thus, our approach provides a fast and flexible means to produce tailored CRC mouse models for genetic studies and pre-clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P O’Rourke
- Weill Cornell Medicine/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Evangelia Loizou
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Geulah Livshits
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Emma M Schatoff
- Weill Cornell Medicine/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY
- Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Timour Baslan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Janelle Simon
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Paul Romesser
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Benjamin Leach
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Teng Han
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Meyer Cancer Center, Hematology & Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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13
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Fraile JM, Manchado E, Lujambio A, Quesada V, Campos-Iglesias D, Webb TR, Lowe SW, López-Otín C, Freije JMP. USP39 Deubiquitinase Is Essential for KRAS Oncogene-driven Cancer. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4164-4175. [PMID: 28154181 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer, but its therapeutic targeting remains challenging. Here, we report a synthetic lethal screen with a library of deubiquitinases and identify USP39, which encodes an essential splicing factor, as a critical gene for the viability of KRAS-dependent cells. We show that splicing fidelity inhibitors decrease preferentially the proliferation rate of KRAS-active cells. Moreover, depletion of DHX38, encoding an USP39-interacting splicing factor, also reduces the viability of these cells. In agreement with these results, USP39 depletion caused a significant reduction in pre-mRNA splicing efficiency, as demonstrated through RNA-seq experiments. Furthermore, we show that USP39 is up-regulated in lung and colon carcinomas and its expression correlates with KRAS levels and poor clinical outcome. Accordingly, our work provides critical information for the development of splicing-directed antitumor treatments and supports the potential of USP39-targeting strategies as the basis of new anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Fraile
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.,the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Spain
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- the Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- the Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Víctor Quesada
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.,the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Spain
| | - Diana Campos-Iglesias
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Thomas R Webb
- the Division of Biosciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025
| | - Scott W Lowe
- the Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.,the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Spain
| | - José M P Freije
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain, .,the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Spain
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14
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Manchado E, Huang CH, Tasdemir N, Tschaharganeh DF, Wilkinson JE, Lowe SW. A Pipeline for Drug Target Identification and Validation. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2017; 81:257-267. [PMID: 28057848 PMCID: PMC5469697 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2016.81.031096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and affordable tumor profiling has led to an explosion of genomic data that is facilitating the development of new cancer therapies. The potential of therapeutic strategies aimed at inactivating the oncogenic lesions that contribute to the aberrant survival and proliferation of tumor cells has yielded remarkable success in some malignancies such as BRAF-mutant melanoma and BCR-ABL expressing chronic myeloid leukemia. However, the direct inhibition of several well-established oncoproteins in some of these cancers is not possible or produces only transient benefits. Functional genomics represents a powerful approach for the identification of vulnerabilities linked to specific genetic alterations and has provided substantial insights into cancer signaling networks. Still, as inhibition of gene function can have diverse effects on both tumor and normal tissues, information on the potency of target inhibition on tumor growth as well as the toxic side effects of target inhibition are also needed. Here, we discuss our RNA interference (RNAi) pipeline for cancer target discovery based on our optimized short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) tools for negative selection screens and inducible RNAi platform that, in combination with embryonic stem cell (ESC)-based genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), enable deep in vivo target validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Manchado
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Nilgun Tasdemir
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065.,Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724
| | - Darjus F Tschaharganeh
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - John E Wilkinson
- ULAM/Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
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15
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Brea EJ, Oh CY, Manchado E, Budhu S, Gejman RS, Mo G, Mondello P, Han JE, Jarvis CA, Ulmert D, Xiang Q, Chang AY, Garippa RJ, Merghoub T, Wolchok JD, Rosen N, Lowe SW, Scheinberg DA. Kinase Regulation of Human MHC Class I Molecule Expression on Cancer Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:936-947. [PMID: 27680026 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-1) presents antigenic peptides to tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. The regulation of MHC-I by kinases is largely unstudied, even though many patients with cancer are receiving therapeutic kinase inhibitors. Regulators of cell-surface HLA amounts were discovered using a pooled human kinome shRNA interference-based approach. Hits scoring highly were subsequently validated by additional RNAi and pharmacologic inhibitors. MAP2K1 (MEK), EGFR, and RET were validated as negative regulators of MHC-I expression and antigen presentation machinery in multiple cancer types, acting through an ERK output-dependent mechanism; the pathways responsible for increased MHC-I upon kinase inhibition were mapped. Activated MAPK signaling in mouse tumors in vivo suppressed components of MHC-I and the antigen presentation machinery. Pharmacologic inhibition of MAPK signaling also led to improved peptide/MHC target recognition and killing by T cells and TCR-mimic antibodies. Druggable kinases may thus serve as immediately applicable targets for modulating immunotherapy for many diseases. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(11); 936-47. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott J Brea
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Claire Y Oh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Ron S Gejman
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - George Mo
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Patrizia Mondello
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - James E Han
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Casey A Jarvis
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - David Ulmert
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Qing Xiang
- RNAi Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Aaron Y Chang
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ralph J Garippa
- RNAi Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Neal Rosen
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York. .,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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16
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Brea EJ, Oh C, Manchado E, Gejman R, Mo G, Mondello P, Garippa R, Rosen N, Scheinberg DA. Abstract 4899: The regulation by kinases of the expression of human major histocompatibility class I molecules. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The major histocompatability complex (MHC) is a central receptor in the adaptive immune response and is the underlying target of several effective therapies for cancer. Druggable kinases may provide the opportunity to modulate the immune response toward MHC. However, the regulation of MHC-I by kinases is largely unstudied, even though many patients with cancer are receiving therapeutic kinase inhibitors. The entire human kinome was screened using a pooled shRNA interference-based approach in a human mesothelioma cell line to uncover kinase regulators of MHC-I. Negative and positive regulators of cell surface HLA levels were discovered. A subset of highly scoring positive and negative kinase hits were subsequently validated by additional RNAi, and pharmacologic inhibitors when available. MAP2K1 (MEK), EGFR, and RET were validated as negative regulators of HLA expression in multiple cancer types. We mapped the pathways responsible for increased HLA upon kinase inhibition. Interestingly, inhibition of the MAP Kinase pathway broadly influenced expression of other components of the antigen presentation machinery. Moreover, DDR2 and MINK1 were shown to positively regulate HLA-A*02:01. This had therapeutic relevance, as shown with a therapeutic TCR mimic antibody to a MHC/peptide complex. Druggable kinases may thus serve as immediately applicable targets for modulating immunotherapy for many diseases.
Citation Format: Elliott J. Brea, Claire Oh, Eusebio Manchado, Ron Gejman, George Mo, Patrizia Mondello, Ralph Garippa, Neal Rosen, David A. Scheinberg. The regulation by kinases of the expression of human major histocompatibility class I molecules. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4899.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Oh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Ron Gejman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - George Mo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Ralph Garippa
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Neal Rosen
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Manchado E, Weissmueller S, Morris JP, Chen CC, Wullenkord R, Lujambio A, de Stanchina E, Poirier JT, Gainor JF, Corcoran RB, Engelman JA, Rudin CM, Rosen N, Lowe SW. A combinatorial strategy for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Nature 2016; 534:647-51. [PMID: 27338794 PMCID: PMC4939262 DOI: 10.1038/nature18600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma represents a major goal of clinical oncology. KRAS itself has proved difficult to inhibit, and the effectiveness of agents that target key KRAS effectors has been thwarted by activation of compensatory or parallel pathways that limit their efficacy as single agents. Here we take a systematic approach towards identifying combination targets for trametinib, a MEK inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, which acts downstream of KRAS to suppress signalling through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. Informed by a short-hairpin RNA screen, we show that trametinib provokes a compensatory response involving the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) that leads to signalling rebound and adaptive drug resistance. As a consequence, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of FGFR1 in combination with trametinib enhances tumour cell death in vitro and in vivo. This compensatory response shows distinct specificities: it is dominated by FGFR1 in KRAS-mutant lung and pancreatic cancer cells, but is not activated or involves other mechanisms in KRAS wild-type lung and KRAS-mutant colon cancer cells. Importantly, KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells and patients’ tumours treated with trametinib show an increase in FRS2 phosphorylation, a biomarker of FGFR activation; this increase is abolished by FGFR1 inhibition and correlates with sensitivity to trametinib and FGFR inhibitor combinations. These results demonstrate that FGFR1 can mediate adaptive resistance to trametinib and validate a combinatorial approach for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Manchado
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Susann Weissmueller
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - John P. Morris
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chi-Chao Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ramona Wullenkord
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John T. Poirier
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Justin F. Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ryan B. Corcoran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Engelman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
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18
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Maddalo D, Manchado E, Concepcion CP, Bonetti C, Vidigal JA, Han YC, Ogrodowski P, Crippa A, Rekhtman N, de Stanchina E, Lowe SW, Ventura A. In vivo engineering of oncogenic chromosomal rearrangements with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Nature 2014; 516:423-7. [PMID: 25337876 PMCID: PMC4270925 DOI: 10.1038/nature13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements play a central role in the pathogenesis of human cancers and often result in the expression of therapeutically actionable gene fusions1. A recently discovered example is a fusion between the Echinoderm Microtubule-associated Protein-like 4 (EML4) and the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) genes, generated by an inversion on the short arm of chromosome 2: inv(2)(p21p23). The EML4-ALK oncogene is detected in a subset of human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC)2 and is clinically relevant because it confers sensitivity to ALK inhibitors3. Despite their importance, modeling such genetic events in mice has proven challenging and requires complex manipulation of the germline. Here we describe an efficient method to induce specific chromosomal rearrangements in vivo using viral-mediated delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to somatic cells of adult animals. We apply it to generate a mouse model of Eml4-Alk-driven lung cancer. The resulting tumors invariably harbor the Eml4-Alkinversion, express the Eml4-Alk fusion gene, display histo-pathologic and molecular features typical of ALK+ human NSCLCs, and respond to treatment with ALK-inhibitors. The general strategy described here substantially expands our ability to model human cancers in mice and potentially in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Maddalo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Carla P Concepcion
- 1] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA [2] Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Ciro Bonetti
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Joana A Vidigal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Yoon-Chi Han
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Paul Ogrodowski
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Alessandra Crippa
- Milano-Bicocca University, Department of Medical Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, 20052, Via G B Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Thoracic Pathology and Cytopathology, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- 1] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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19
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Dow LE, Nasr Z, Saborowski M, Ebbesen SH, Manchado E, Tasdemir N, Lee T, Pelletier J, Lowe SW. Conditional reverse tet-transactivator mouse strains for the efficient induction of TRE-regulated transgenes in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95236. [PMID: 24743474 PMCID: PMC3990578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetracycline or doxycycline (dox)-regulated control of genetic elements allows inducible, reversible and tissue specific regulation of gene expression in mice. This approach provides a means to investigate protein function in specific cell lineages and at defined periods of development and disease. Efficient and stable regulation of cDNAs or non-coding elements (e.g. shRNAs) downstream of the tetracycline-regulated element (TRE) requires the robust expression of a tet-transactivator protein, commonly the reverse tet-transactivator, rtTA. Most rtTA strains rely on tissue specific promoters that often do not provide sufficient rtTA levels for optimal inducible expression. Here we describe the generation of two mouse strains that enable Cre-dependent, robust expression of rtTA3, providing tissue-restricted and consistent induction of TRE-controlled transgenes. We show that these transgenic strains can be effectively combined with established mouse models of disease, including both Cre/LoxP-based approaches and non Cre-dependent disease models. The integration of these new tools with established mouse models promises the development of more flexible genetic systems to uncover the mechanisms of development and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas E. Dow
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zeina Nasr
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Saborowski
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Saya H. Ebbesen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States of America
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nilgun Tasdemir
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States of America
| | - Teresa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (JP); (SWL)
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JP); (SWL)
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20
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Weissmueller S, Manchado E, Saborowski M, Morris JP, Wagenblast E, Davis CA, Moon SH, Pfister NT, Tschaharganeh DF, Kitzing T, Aust D, Markert EK, Wu J, Grimmond SM, Pilarsky C, Prives C, Biankin AV, Lowe SW. Mutant p53 drives pancreatic cancer metastasis through cell-autonomous PDGF receptor β signaling. Cell 2014; 157:382-394. [PMID: 24725405 PMCID: PMC4001090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor inactivate its antiproliferative properties but can also promote metastasis through a gain-of-function activity. We show that sustained expression of mutant p53 is required to maintain the prometastatic phenotype of a murine model of pancreatic cancer, a highly metastatic disease that frequently displays p53 mutations. Transcriptional profiling and functional screening identified the platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb) as both necessary and sufficient to mediate these effects. Mutant p53 induced PDGFRb through a cell-autonomous mechanism involving inhibition of a p73/NF-Y complex that represses PDGFRb expression in p53-deficient, noninvasive cells. Blocking PDGFRb signaling by RNA interference or by small molecule inhibitors prevented pancreatic cancer cell invasion in vitro and metastasis formation in vivo. Finally, high PDGFRb expression correlates with poor disease-free survival in pancreatic, colon, and ovarian cancer patients, implicating PDGFRb as a prognostic marker and possible target for attenuating metastasis in p53 mutant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Weissmueller
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Saborowski
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John P Morris
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elvin Wagenblast
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Carrie A Davis
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Neil T Pfister
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Darjus F Tschaharganeh
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thomas Kitzing
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniela Aust
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke K Markert
- The Simons Center for Systems Biology, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Jianmin Wu
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Santa Lucia 4072, Australia; Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland G61 1BD, UK
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carol Prives
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia; Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland G61 1BD, UK
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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21
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Weissmueller S, Saborowski M, Manchado E, Thapar V, Lowe SW. Abstract C54: Pdgfrb is an essential mediator of p53(mut)-driven metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.fbcr13-c54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer due to its high metastatic potential and resistance to existing treatments. Recent advances in cancer genomics have identified mutations and copy number changes that are linked to pancreatic cancer but which of these influence metastatic behavior remain poorly understood. 50-80% of PDACs carry a mutation in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene (p53(mut)), which possibly results in a gain-of-function that contributes to, amongst others, tumor cell invasiveness. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore the underlying molecular pathways of invasive PDAC that are mediated by TP53(mut). To this end, we combined cell lines, murine models, and RNA interference to confirm that p53(mut)-expressing tumors acquire a higher invasive capability, which is dependent on the continued expression of the mutant allele. In-depth transcriptional profiling of p53(mut) versus knockdown cells identified downstream mediators responsible for the gain-of-function phenotype. Specifically, we conducted a follow-up invasion screen to analyse the top 40 deregulated genes for their potential to induce invasiveness and we identified Platelet-derived growth factor receptors isoform b (Pdgfrb) as a p53(mut) downstream mediator. Moreover, we found that the expression of Pdgfrb is transcriptionally regulated by p73. In the presence of p53(mut) proteins, a direct p73-p53(mut) interaction alleviates the inhibitory effect that p73 exerts on the Pdgfrb promoter, thereby inducing Pdgfrb expression and, hence, invasiveness. Attenuating Pdgfrb levels by RNAi or a small molecule inhibitor reduced cellular invasion in a p53(mut) background, thereby mimicking the effects of p53-null cells. We confirmed these findings in several human pancreatic cancer cells. More importantly, we found that elevated Pdgfrb expression in human colorectal and ovarian cancers predicts poor metastasis-free survival, thereby confirming our hypothesis that high Pdgfrb levels drive metastases development.
Citation Format: Susann Weissmueller, Michael Saborowski, Eusebio Manchado, Vishal Thapar, Scott W. Lowe. Pdgfrb is an essential mediator of p53(mut)-driven metastasis in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C54.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Saborowski
- 2Cancer Biology & Genetics Department, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY,
| | - Eusebio Manchado
- 2Cancer Biology & Genetics Department, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY,
| | - Vishal Thapar
- 2Cancer Biology & Genetics Department, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY,
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Abstract
Tumor cells frequently display an abnormal number of chromosomes, a phenomenon known as aneuploidy. Tang et al. (2011) now show that aneuploid cells are particularly sensitive to compounds that induce proteotoxic and energy stress. Could this vulnerability lead to new cancer therapies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Manchado
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Eguren M, Manchado E, Malumbres M. Non-mitotic functions of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011; 22:572-8. [PMID: 21439391 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Anaphase-Promoting Complex or Cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase whose activation requires the binding of a cofactor, either Cdc20 or Cdh1. While APC/C-Cdc20 is a major player during mitotic exit, APC/C-Cdh1 plays a central role in maintaining quiescence and controlling the onset of DNA replication. In addition, APC/C-Cdh1 is essential for endoreduplication, a process in which several rounds of DNA synthesis occur without mitosis. Recent data suggest that the APC/C is also involved in differentiation and metabolism, and plays important roles in postmitotic cells such as neurons. Thus, the APC/C is not only critical for anaphase onset but also regulates many other cellular processes during G1/S or in quiescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Eguren
- Cell Division and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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24
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Manchado E, Guillamot M, de Cárcer G, Eguren M, Trickey M, García-Higuera I, Moreno S, Yamano H, Cañamero M, Malumbres M. Targeting mitotic exit leads to tumor regression in vivo: Modulation by Cdk1, Mastl, and the PP2A/B55α,δ phosphatase. Cancer Cell 2010; 18:641-54. [PMID: 21156286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeting mitotic exit has been recently proposed as a relevant therapeutic approach against cancer. By using genetically engineered mice, we show that the APC/C cofactor Cdc20 is essential for anaphase onset in vivo in embryonic or adult cells, including progenitor/stem cells. Ablation of Cdc20 results in efficient regression of aggressive tumors, whereas current mitotic drugs display limited effects. Yet, Cdc20 null cells can exit from mitosis upon inactivation of Cdk1 and the kinase Mastl (Greatwall). This mitotic exit depends on the activity of PP2A phosphatase complexes containing B55α or B55δ regulatory subunits. These data illustrate the relevance of critical players of mitotic exit in mammals and their implications in the balance between cell death and mitotic exit in tumor cells.
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