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Van Gompel E, Demirdal D, Fernandes-Cerqueira C, Horuluoglu B, Galindo-Feria A, Wigren E, Gräslund S, De Langhe E, Benveniste O, Notarnicola A, Chemin K, Lundberg IE. Autoantibodies against the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 in patients with dermatomyositis target the helicase domains. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1466-1473. [PMID: 37572295 PMCID: PMC11065437 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical observations in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and autoantibodies against the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) suggest that the autoantibodies contribute to the pathogenesis of MDA5(+) DM. To gain insight into the role of the anti-MDA5 autoantibodies, we aimed to identify their binding sites on the different domains of the MDA5 protein. METHODS We developed an in-house ELISA to assess the reactivity against the MDA5 domains (conformational epitopes) in plasma (n = 8) and serum (n = 24) samples from MDA5(+) patients with varying clinical manifestations and disease outcomes. The reactivities were also assessed using western blot (linearized epitopes). An ELISA-based depletion assay was developed to assess cross-reactivity among the different MDA5 domains. RESULTS All eight plasma samples consistently showed reactivity towards conformational and linearized epitopes on the helicase domains of the MDA5 protein. The ELISA-based depletion assay suggests that anti-MDA5 autoantibodies specifically target each of the three helicase domains. Twenty-two of the 24 serum samples showed reactivity in the in-house ELISA and all 22 displayed reactivity towards the helicase domains of the MDA5 protein. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that the main immunogenic targets of anti-MDA5 autoantibodies from MDA5(+) patients are the helicase domains. Considering that the helicase domains are responsible for the enzymatic activity and subsequent triggering of an inflammatory response, our findings suggest that binding of anti-MDA5 autoantibodies could alter the canonical activity of the MDA5 protein and potentially affect the downstream induction of a pro-inflammatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Van Gompel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deniz Demirdal
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastro, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catia Fernandes-Cerqueira
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Begum Horuluoglu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angeles Galindo-Feria
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastro, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edvard Wigren
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Gräslund
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen De Langhe
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Benveniste
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Neuro-Musculaires, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antonella Notarnicola
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastro, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karine Chemin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastro, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Notarnicola A, Preger C, Lundström SL, Renard N, Wigren E, Van Gompel E, Galindo-Feria AS, Persson H, Fathi M, Grunewald J, Jakobsson PJ, Gräslund S, Lundberg IE, Fernandes-Cerqueira C. Longitudinal assessment of reactivity and affinity profile of anti-Jo1 autoantibodies to distinct HisRS domains and a splice variant in a cohort of patients with myositis and anti-synthetase syndrome. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:62. [PMID: 35236390 PMCID: PMC8889758 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To address the reactivity and affinity against histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase (HisRS) autoantigen of anti-Jo1 autoantibodies from serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies/anti-synthetase syndrome (IIM/ASSD). To investigate the associations between the reactivity profile and clinical data over time. Methods Samples and clinical data were obtained from (i) 25 anti-Jo1+ patients (19 sera with 16 longitudinal samples and 6 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), (ii) 29 anti-Jo1− patients (25 sera and 4 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), and (iii) 27 age/gender-matched healthy controls (24 sera and 3 BALF/matching sera). Reactivity towards HisRS full-length (HisRS-FL), three HisRS domains (WHEP, antigen binding domain (ABD), and catalytic domain (CD)), and the HisRS splice variant (SV) was tested. Anti-Jo1 IgG reactivity was evaluated by ELISA and western blot using IgG purified from serum by affinity chromatography. In paired serum-BALF, anti-Jo1 IgG and IgA reactivity was analyzed by ELISA. Autoantibody affinity was measured by surface plasmon resonance using IgG purified from sera. Correlations between autoantibody reactivity and clinical data were evaluated at diagnosis and longitudinally. Results Anti-Jo1 IgG from serum and BALF bound HisRS-FL, WHEP, and SV with high reactivity at the time of diagnosis and recognized both conformation-dependent and conformation-independent HisRS epitopes. Anti-HisRS-FL IgG displayed high affinity early in the disease. At the time of IIM/ASSD diagnosis, the highest autoantibody levels against HisRS-FL were found in patients ever developing interstitial lung disease (ILD) and arthritis, but with less skin involvement. Moreover, the reactivity of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF correlated with poor pulmonary function. Levels of autoantibodies against HisRS-FL, HisRS domains, and HisRS splice variant generally decreased over time. With some exceptions, longitudinal anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels changed in line with ILD activity. Conclusion High levels and high-affinity anti-Jo1 autoantibodies towards HisRS-FL were found early in disease in sera and BALF. In combination with the correlation of anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels with ILD and ILD activity in longitudinal samples as well as of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF with poor pulmonary function, this supports the previously raised hypothesis that the lung might have a role in the immune reaction in anti-Jo1-positive patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02745-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Notarnicola
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Charlotta Preger
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susanna L Lundström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nuria Renard
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edvard Wigren
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eveline Van Gompel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angeles S Galindo-Feria
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Persson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery and Development, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maryam Fathi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, J7:30, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, J7:30, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Gräslund
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cátia Fernandes-Cerqueira
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 64, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,4Dcell, 14 rue de la Beaune, 93100, Montreuil, France
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