The use of multicomponent ear drops in the treatment of otitis of various etiologies in animals

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of newly developed multicomponent ear drops for the treatment of otitis caused by parasites, bacteria, and fungi in dogs, cats, ferrets, fancy rabbits, and foxes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A new drug for veterinary use was developed that contained levofloxacin hemihydrate (0.3%), clotrimazole (0.1%), dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.1%), and moxidectin (0.01%). In the initial stage of otoacariasis (or the ear form of psoroptic scab), the drug was used twice with an interval of 5-7 days. When otoacariasis (psoroptic scab) was complicated by otitis of bacterial and/or fungal etiology, the drug was used as follows: instilled once a day, within 10-14 days in the ear canal for 2-5 drops of the drug. The study of therapeutic efficacy was performed on cats, dogs, ferrets, foxes, and fancy rabbits with ear pathology.

RESULTS

The recovery of cats, ferrets, dogs, and foxes after the double use of ear drops during otoacariasis was established. In the ear form of psoroptic scab in fancy rabbits after treatment, Psoroptes cuniculi mites were not detected. The specific (antimicrobial and antifungal) activity of the drug was confirmed in vivo using the following scheme of drug use: the drug was instilled once a day, within 10-14 days in the ear canal, 2-5 drops of the drug in animals with external otitis and otitis media.

CONCLUSION

The rational combination of active components developed in this study is effective and safe for use in animals with microbial diseases of the ears.

Pharmacokinetics of combination antiparasitic drug preparation for dogs and cats in the form of spot-on solution

Objective:

The object of the study was to examine the major pharmacokinetic parameters after a single application of a complex drug preparation for veterinary use based on fipronil, praziquantel, moxidectin, and pyriproxyfen in cats and dogs.

Materials and Methods:

For dogs, the drug preparation was administered spot-on solution in the following dosage of active pharmaceutical substances: fipronil 27.0 mg/kg body weight (bwt), praziquantel 10.8 mg/kg bwt, moxidectin 6.75 mg/kg bwt, and pyriproxyfen 5.4 mg/kg bwt; for cats, the dosage was the following: fipronil 43.2 mg/kg bwt, praziquantel 17.28 mg/kg bwt, moxidectin 4.32 mg/kg bwt, and pyriproxyfen 8.64 mg/kg bwt. The blood samples were taken from dogs and cats. The principle of the method for determining praziquantel, trans-4-hydroxypraziquantel, pyriproxyfen, and fipronil in serum samples was chromatographed in a high-pressure liquid chromatograph with detection by means of a mass-spectrometric detector. The moxidectin content of the blood was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:

The drug preparation active substances: praziquantel, fipronil, and moxidectin are absorbed into the blood of dogs and cats. The penetration of praziquantel into the systemic circulation and further into organs and tissues was proved. After topical administration, moxidectin is absorbed and distributed systemically and is slowly removed from the plasma, which manifests itself in detectable concentrations of moxidectin in the blood for 1 month.

Conclusion:

The present results of pharmacokinetic investigations may promote to the determination of effective therapy strategy and prophylaxis of parasitic diseases in dogs and cats.